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AHistory
History · Duxbury

Duxbury dates to 1624, and 15% of its homes were built before 1940

More historic than 91% of U.S. towns · #136 of 283 in Massachusetts. What drives it

15 places in town are on the National Register, among them 2 National Historic Landmarks and three historic districts with 164 buildings between them. Below: 13 old photos and papers, maps from 1885 on, and the census since 1790.

1624founded
15on the National Register
15%homes built before 1940
13old photos & papers
17famous people
From Duxbury’s archive · credits on each photo
Quick answers

How Duxbury began

When was Duxbury founded?

1624

Duxbury dates its founding to 1624 (Wikidata). It appears in the first U.S. census, 1790.

First census: 1,457 in 17902020 census: 16,090402 years

How historic is Duxbury?

A

More historic than 91% of U.S. towns, on its age, its old homes and the National Register.

What drives the grade ↓
Founding year: Wikidata. First post office: 1800.The full story ↓
History grade

What drives Duxbury’s History grade

On its age, its old homes and the National Register, Duxbury is more historic than 91% of U.S. towns, #136 of 283 in Massachusetts. All 3 inputs are above most U.S. towns; its age ranks highest and its share of homes from before 1940 lowest.

A
HistoryA character grade: shown, never part of Duxbury’s overall grade.
All U.S. towns we grade (21,289)Ahead of 91%
NewerOlder
Massachusetts towns of 2,500+ (283)Ahead of 52%

Massachusetts towns list more on the Register than most of the country (a typical Massachusetts town has 46.0 per 10,000 residents, the U.S. 2.4), so Duxbury’s 109 sits near the middle of its state (64% of Massachusetts towns have fewer) while its 177 historic buildings outnumber those of 92% of U.S. towns.

How sure. Graded on any two of the three inputs instead, the letter would range from A− to A+. The pre-1940 share is a Census survey estimate (±3.0 points). Two sources give 1624.

Founding year: Wikidata (other dates in Quick answers). Homes: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register: National Park Service, May 2026 list; each listing counted once (boundary changes and added documentation belong to their listing), and a historic district counts its contributing buildings. How TownRatings grades history →

What stands out about Duxbury’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · On the National Register

15 listings protect 177 historic buildings

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving. 2 are National Historic Landmarks, the highest tier.

places listed
15
National Historic Landmarks
2
Alden, John and Priscilla, Family Sites
historic buildings protected
177
each building in a district counts
first listed
1978
Capt. Gershom Bradford House
All 15 listings

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

Timeline

Duxbury, 1624 to 1960

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 17th century
  2. 1624
    FoundingDuxbury is established
  3. 18th century
  4. 1748Born herePeleg Wadsworth is born here
  5. 1750BuiltAlexander Standish House is built
  6. 19th century
  7. 1800Post officeThe Duxbury post office opens
  8. 1807BuiltCapt. Gershom Bradford House is built
  9. 1807BuiltCapt. Gamaliel Bradford House is built
  10. 1840BuiltFirst Parish Church is built
  11. 1844Post officeThe West Duxbury post office opens
  12. 1869In the archiveThe landing
  13. 1870Post officeThe South Duxbury post office opens
  14. 1872In the archiveDuxbury Harbor Improvements
  15. 1885On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  16. 1898In the archiveBlue Fish River, Duxbury, Mass
  17. 20th century
  18. 1900In the archiveFlag of
  19. 1910In the archiveNorth Side of Powder Point
  20. 1953Born herePeter Chandler is born here
  21. 1958Post officeThe West Duxbury post office closes
  22. 1960Born hereStet Howland is born here
The story

How Duxbury came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Duxbury.

Read it all →

The area now known as Duxbury was inhabited by people as early as 12,000 to 9,000 BCE. By the time European settlers arrived there, the region was inhabited by the Wampanoags, who called it Mattakeesett, meaning "place of many fish."

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

From the old history books

What they wrote about Duxbury in 1849

Passages that mention Duxbury, cut from the printed page as they were published.

Abraham Sampson, 1682. North River Bridge. A cart bridge was ordered to be built over the North River, near Barstow's foot bridge, by Scituate, Marshfield and Duxbury ; and Duxbury was then freed from any longer repairing Jones River bridge. The cost was for Scituate £10, for Marshfield and Duxbury…
History of the town of Duxbury, Massachusetts1849 · page 18Read the page →
Read the text

Abraham Sampson, 1682. North River Bridge. A cart bridge was ordered to be built over the North River, near Barstow's foot bridge, by Scituate, Marshfield and Duxbury ; and Duxbury was then freed from any longer repairing Jones River bridge. The cost was for Scituate £10, for Marshfield and Duxbury £5 each ; but Mannamoiett was to bear 20s. of Duxbury's part.

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.
The Grant of Bridgevvater to the Inhabitants of Duxbury, was made to the following: persons, at that time (1645) of conrse residing in Duxbury, and they form the original proprietors of Bridgewater. Many of them removed thither, while others conveyed their grams to their sons, who settled there, an…
History of the town of Duxbury, Massachusetts1849 · page 348Read the page →
Read the text

The Grant of Bridgevvater to the Inhabitants of Duxbury, was made to the following: persons, at that time (1645) of conrse residing in Duxbury, and they form the original proprietors of Bridgewater. Many of them removed thither, while others conveyed their grams to their sons, who settled there, and others sold, or otherwise disposed of them.

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.

Scans and text from the Internet Archive. Books published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

By decade

Duxbury, decade by decade

5 decades in the archive, from the 1860s to the 1910s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

On the map

Duxbury on the map, 1885 to 1974

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Duxbury. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Duxbury on the 1885 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1893 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1918 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1947 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1953 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1961 USGS mapDuxbury on the 1974 USGS map1885Duxbury sheet · 1:62,500

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Duxbury.

Every building

Duxbury, building by building, 1915

Fire insurance maps drew every building, what it was made of and what it was used for, so insurers could price the risk of fire. Pick a sheet.

Duxbury fire insurance map, 1915, sheet 11915Sheet 1 of 3

Sanborn Map Company, via the Library of Congress. Editions published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

Then & now

The same spot, years apart

Drag across each photo to compare.

Myles Standish Burial GroundGrave of Myles Standish, Duxbury, Mass1898Today
Grave of Myles Standish, Duxbury, MassMatched from the two captions
People over time

Duxbury, census by census

02,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,00014,00016,00018,000180018501900195020002,679 in 1850Low: 1,553

Lost a third of its people between 1850 and 1920, then grew more than tenfold.

19 censuses, 1790–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Duxbury’s Wikipedia page.

Famous people

17 famous people were born in Duxbury

Writers, athletes, leaders and more, ranked by how widely they’re known.

See all →
Places that used to be

Lost post offices, old corners, places now gone and burying grounds

Duxbury’s post office has been open since 1800. Five other post offices opened and closed inside today’s town.

Duxbury
1800–today
West Duxbury
1844–1958
South Duxbury
1870–1969
Island Creek
1879–1969
North Duxbury
1889–1926
Millbrook
1890–1969
18001910today
Hamlets and corners on the map
AshdodBaileys CornerCamp Chappa ChallaCox CornerIsland CreekMiles Standish ParkMillbrookMiramarNorth DuxburyNorthwest DuxburySouth DuxburyTarkilnTinkertownTree of Knowledge CornerWest Duxbury
Gone or out of use
Dunbury Post Officepost officeIsland Creek StationlocaleMillbrook Post Officepost officeMillbrook StationlocaleNorth Dunbury Post Officepost officeSouth Dunbury Post Officepost officeSouth Dunbury StationlocaleWest Dunbury Post Officepost office
6cemeteries and burying grounds inside Duxbury
AshdodDingleyEpiscopal ChurchMayflowerMyles StandishMyles Standish

US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock, CC0). Places and cemeteries from the USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

Help out

Finish Duxbury’s story

Most archives stop around 1920. The photos from after that are in family albums, not libraries.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
2 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Questions about Duxbury’s history

What year was Duxbury founded?

In 1624, according to Wikidata. Duxbury’s post office opened in 1800, and the first U.S. census counted 1,457 people here in 1790.

How does Duxbury rank for history?

Duxbury is more historic than 91% of U.S. towns, #136 of 283 in Massachusetts. The History grade combines the town’s founding era, the share of homes built before 1940 and its National Register listings. It’s a character grade, so it isn’t part of the overall grade. How it works.

What is on the National Register in Duxbury?

15 listings, 2 of them National Historic Landmarks: 10 buildings, among them the Alden, John and Priscilla, Family Sites (a National Historic Landmark since 2008), and the Capt. Gershom Bradford House (listed 1978, the first), 3 historic districts, the Old Shipbuilder's Historic District, the Cove Street Historic District and the Old Town Hall Historic District, with 164 contributing buildings, and 1 site. 177 historic buildings in all.

How old are the homes in Duxbury?

15% of Duxbury’s homes were built before 1940 (Census estimate, ±3.0 points), against a typical 21% for a Massachusetts town; the median home was built in 1976.

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

From Wikimedia Commons (12), the Library of Congress (1), Wikidata (5), the National Register of Historic Places (15), Wikipedia, Wikidata and Wikipedia for famous people, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock), the USGS Geographic Names Information System, Sanborn fire insurance maps (Library of Congress) and old county and town histories (Internet Archive). Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.