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A−History
History · Randolph Town

Randolph Town dates to 1710, and 14% of its homes were built before 1940

More historic than 77% of U.S. towns · #237 of 283 in Massachusetts. What drives it

Its Register listings are the Jonathan Belcher House, the Ponkapoag Camp of Appalachian Mountain Club and the Stetson Hall. Below: 5 old photos and papers, maps from 1886 on, and the census since 1850.

1710founded
3on the National Register
14%homes built before 1940
5old photos & papers
7famous people
From Randolph Town’s archive · credits on each photo
Quick answers

How Randolph Town began

When was Randolph Town founded?

1710

Randolph Town dates its founding to 1710 (Wikidata). The census first counted it in 1850.

First census: 4,741 in 18502020 census: 34,984316 years

How historic is Randolph Town?

A−

More historic than 77% of U.S. towns, on its age, its old homes and the National Register.

What drives the grade ↓
Founding year: Wikidata. First post office: 1802.The full story ↓
History grade

What drives Randolph Town’s History grade

On its age, its old homes and the National Register, Randolph Town is more historic than 77% of U.S. towns, #237 of 283 in Massachusetts. Its age holds the grade up; its National Register listings pull it down.

A−
HistoryA character grade: shown, never part of Randolph Town’s overall grade.
All U.S. towns we grade (21,289)Ahead of 77%
NewerOlder
Massachusetts towns of 2,500+ (283)Ahead of 16%

Massachusetts towns list more on the Register than most of the country (a typical Massachusetts town has 46.0 per 10,000 residents, the U.S. 2.4), so Randolph Town’s 2.3 sits below most of its state (14% of Massachusetts towns have fewer) while its 8 historic buildings outnumber those of 74% of U.S. towns.

NoteThe founding year comes from Wikidata alone; no second source gives 1710.
How sure. Graded on any two of the three inputs instead, the letter would range from B− to A−. The pre-1940 share is a Census survey estimate (±3.2 points).

Founding year: Wikidata (other dates in Quick answers). Homes: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register: National Park Service, May 2026 list; each listing counted once (boundary changes and added documentation belong to their listing), and a historic district counts its contributing buildings. How TownRatings grades history →

What stands out about Randolph Town’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · On the map

Randolph Town on the map, 1886 to 1985

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Randolph Town. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Randolph Town on the 1886 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1894 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1919 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1936 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1946 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1958 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1971 USGS mapRandolph Town on the 1985 USGS map1886Dedham sheet · 1:62,500

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Randolph Town.

People over time

Randolph Town, census by census

05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00018501900195020005,760 in 1860Low: 3,946

Lost a third of its people between 1860 and 1890, then grew 8-fold.

18 censuses, 1850–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Randolph Town’s Wikipedia page.

Timeline

Randolph Town, 1710 to 2020

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 18th century
  2. 1710
    FoundingRandolph Town is established
  3. 19th century
  4. 1802Post officeThe Randolph post office opens
  5. 1852Born hereMary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman is born here
  6. 1853Post officeThe South Randolph post office opens
  7. 1854Born hereBenjamin Ide Wheeler is born here
  8. 1872Post officeThe South Randolph post office closes
  9. 1886On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  10. 1891In the archive1891 Randolph public library Massachusetts
  11. 20th century
  12. 1940In the archiveHistoric American Buildings Survey Frank O. Branzetti, Photographer July 16, 1940 (ggg) 1…
  13. 1969Born hereAudie Cornish is born here
  14. 1984In the archiveKona Gold Restaurant
  15. 1993Born hereAugust Grey is born here
  16. 21st century
  17. 2020CensusPopulation peaks at 34,984
The story

How Randolph Town came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Randolph Town.

Read it all →

It was called Cochaticquom by the local Cochato tribes. The town was incorporated in 1793 from what was formerly the south precinct of the town of Braintree. According to the centennial address delivered by John V. Beal, the town was named after Peyton Randolph, first president of the Continental Congress.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

By decade

Randolph Town, decade by decade

3 decades in the archive, from the 1890s to the 1980s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

1900s–1930snothing yet
Nothing in the archives for these yearsWeddings on Main Street, storms, parades, school pictures, the old store. If it’s in your family album, it belongs here.
Add from your album
1950s–1970snothing yet
Nothing in the archives for these yearsWeddings on Main Street, storms, parades, school pictures, the old store. If it’s in your family album, it belongs here.
Add from your album
1990snothing yet
Nothing in the archives for these yearsWeddings on Main Street, storms, parades, school pictures, the old store. If it’s in your family album, it belongs here.
Add from your album
Then & now

Stand where they stood

No then-and-now pairs yet. Take a photo from the same spot as an old one and they appear here side by side.

1891 Randolph public library Massachusetts
Retake this view1891 Randolph public library Massachusetts, 1891

Find the spot, match the angle, and add your photo. It becomes the first then-and-now pair on Randolph Town’s page.

Retake this view · +15
On the National Register

3 historic places in Randolph Town

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving.

places listed
3
National Historic Landmarks
0
none yet
historic buildings protected
8
each building in a district counts
first listed
1976
Jonathan Belcher House
Buildings

Architectural styles listings

Federal1
Log Cabin1
Mid-19th Century1
Greek Revival1

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

Famous people

7 famous people were born in Randolph Town

Writers, athletes, leaders and more, ranked by how widely they’re known.

See all →
Places that used to be

Lost post offices, old corners and burying grounds

Another post office, South Randolph, opened and closed inside today’s town.

Randolph
1802–today
South Randolph
1853–1872
18001910today
Hamlets and corners on the map
North RandolphRandolphWest Corners
4cemeteries and burying grounds inside Randolph Town
CentralLindwood Memorial ParkOaklandSaint Marys

US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock, CC0). Places and cemeteries from the USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

Help out

Finish Randolph Town’s story

Most archives stop around 1920. The photos from after that are in family albums, not libraries.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
2 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Questions about Randolph Town’s history

What year was Randolph Town founded?

In 1710, according to Wikidata. Randolph Town’s post office opened in 1802, and the census of 1850 counted 4,741 people here.

How does Randolph Town rank for history?

Randolph Town is more historic than 77% of U.S. towns, #237 of 283 in Massachusetts. The History grade combines the town’s founding era, the share of homes built before 1940 and its National Register listings. It’s a character grade, so it isn’t part of the overall grade. How it works.

What is on the National Register in Randolph Town?

Three places: the Jonathan Belcher House (listed 1976), the Ponkapoag Camp of Appalachian Mountain Club (1980) and the Stetson Hall (2011).

How old are the homes in Randolph Town?

14% of Randolph Town’s homes were built before 1940 (Census estimate, ±3.2 points), against a typical 21% for a Massachusetts town; the median home was built in 1966.

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

From Wikimedia Commons (12), the National Register of Historic Places (3), Wikipedia, Wikidata and Wikipedia for famous people, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock) and the USGS Geographic Names Information System. Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.