Older than 94% of compared French towns: half of Penne is over 55.3
Against a figure of 30% in the typical compared French town, the share of flats in Penne comes in at 3.3%. 602 residents in 310 households: that is Penne at the 2023 Census. The census found that 6.3% of households are single parents locally. Households in social housing are rarer here than in 99% of compared French towns.
Throughout this page, the Tarn median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Penne
One home in two is a second home
The census counted 280 second homes and occasional dwellings in Penne, 43% of its 630 homes: higher than in 97% of compared French towns. 95% of them are houses. Their owners live elsewhere, so they aren’t in the population figures on this page. Homes & cars ↓
An older town
Half of Penne’s residents are under 55.3 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 31% are 65 or older (France median 22%), 9% 80 or older. Ages ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Above 97% of compared French towns: 43% of homes are second homes
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
8% of households have no car; in the typical compared French town the figure is 11%. Second homes: 2.1% in the typical compared French town, for comparison. Empty homes: 7.4% of the total.
Penne’s population changed by +5% since 2012, more than in 50% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
The first five years brought +1%; the six to 2023, +4%.
In Penne, 5.3% of residents are 15 to 24, fewer than in 99% of compared French towns
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Penne 55.3. The median compared French town: 44.
31% of residents are 65 or over (typical compared French town: 22%). Measured more widely, 11% of residents are 15 to 24 in the typical compared French town.
Women and men · all residents
48% women, 52% men
About 107 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Tarn 52.2%, France 51.8%.
Fewer couples with children than 84% of compared French towns: 17%
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Tarn median and the France median
Living alone · share
The share of one-person households is 43%, against 35% in the typical compared French town. To put it in context, a quarter of households are couples with children in the typical compared French town. There are 1.9 people in the average household.
Half above, half below €22,490 a year in standard of living
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
The midpoint of living standards here is €22,490 a year per consumption unit, lower than in 86% of compared French towns.
Above 83% of compared French towns: 17% of households are headed by a manager or professional
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
37% of households are headed by a retired person (typical compared French town: 32%). Still, households headed by a manual worker are rarer here than in 70% of compared French towns. Measured more widely, nearly one in ten households are headed by a manager or professional in the typical compared French town.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
Above 70% of compared French towns: 10% of residents are immigrants
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
7.5% of residents are foreign nationals; in the typical compared French town the figure is 4.3%. Measured more widely, 6.5% of residents are immigrants in the typical compared French town.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Fewer single residents than 80% of compared French towns: 22%
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Married residents: just over two fifths of the total. In the typical compared French town, the share of single residents is 25%.
Penne: 37% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification, above 73% of compared French towns
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
Where nearly a fifth of adults out of school have no qualification in the typical compared French town, Penne has 16%. Against that, 30% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification in the typical compared French town.
Ranked by age, 5th oldest of 41 French towns this size
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
The youngest is Villejust (37.2), the oldest Prayssac (62.3).
Penne is older than every town around it
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penne | 55.3 | 31% | 43% | 10% |
| Nègrepelisse 5,917 · 10.4 mi | 44.6 | 24% | 1.5% | 7.3% |
| Caussade 6,803 · 11 mi | 51.5 | 31% | 3.1% | 8.8% |
| Saint-Étienne-de-Tulmont 4,051 · 13.6 mi | 44.6 | 20% | 0.8% | 4.5% |
| Albias 3,240 · 14 mi | 45 | 23% | 1.7% | 5.5% |
| Gaillac 16,162 · 14.5 mi | 45.7 | 27% | 2.9% | 11% |
| Lisle-sur-Tarn 4,939 · 15.1 mi | 46.6 | 25% | 4.7% | 5.2% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Penne
What is the population of Penne?
602 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 5% more than in 2012 (574).
How old are Penne’s residents?
The median age is 55.3, older than 94% of compared French towns. 15% are under 18 and 31% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Penne?
280, with occasional dwellings: 43% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Penne?
INSEE counts 60 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 10% of residents, and 45 foreign nationals (7.5%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Penne?
€22,490 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970). Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.