19% of households are couples with children, fewer than in 77% of compared French towns
With a median age of 45.7, Gaillac is older than 61% of compared French towns. The town is home to 16,162 residents in 7,650 households, by the 2023 Census. Just over a third of households are headed by a retired person. In the typical compared French town, the share of households without a car is 11%; Gaillac has 13%.
Throughout this page, the Tarn median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Gaillac
Growing fast
Gaillac had 13,820 residents at the 2012 census and 16,162 in 2023, up 17%: faster growth than in 85% of compared French towns. Population ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Faster growth than 85% of compared French towns: Gaillac changed by +17% since 2012
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
The years 2012 to 2017 brought +11%; 2017 to 2023, +6%. Over the whole period the median compared French town changed +5%, and the median Tarn town +7%.
Residents aged 65 and over: 27%, a higher share than 75% of compared French towns
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Gaillac 45.7. The median compared French town: 44.
Residents aged 15 to 24: 10% here and 11% in the typical compared French town. In the typical compared French town, 22% of residents are 65 or over.
Women and men · all residents
53% women, 47% men
About 89 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Tarn 52.2%, France 51.8%. Women live longer than men, so towns with many older residents have more women.
Gaillac: 42% of households are one person living alone, above 75% of compared French towns
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Tarn median and the France median
Living alone · share
Where 10% of households are single parents in the typical compared French town, Gaillac has 11%. As a yardstick, 35% of households are one person living alone in the typical compared French town. On average, 2.1 people share a household.
Gaillac ranks below 55% of compared French towns on households in social housing: 11%
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
On second homes, 2.9% here is much the same as in the typical compared French town. In the typical compared French town, households in social housing come to 12%. Across Gaillac, 7.6% of homes stand empty. The town has fewer flats than 51% of compared French towns, at 29%.
€23,200 a year: the median standard of living
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
The midpoint of living standards here is €23,200 a year per consumption unit, lower than in 80% of compared French towns. Below the poverty line: 21.0% of residents.
Below 58% of compared French towns: 13% of households are headed by a manual worker
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Nearly one in ten households are headed by a manager or professional, or about one in 11. In the typical compared French town, 14% of households are headed by a manual worker.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
Immigrants: 11%, a higher share than 73% of compared French towns
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
The share of foreign nationals is 7.9%, against 4.3% in the typical compared French town. Across the comparison, 6.5% of residents are immigrants in the typical compared French town.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
In Gaillac, 39% of residents 15 and over are married, fewer than in 76% of compared French towns
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
The census found that 26% of residents 15 and over are single in Gaillac. In the typical compared French town, married residents come to 43%.
Adults with no qualification: 22%, a higher share than 67% of compared French towns
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
Gaillac has more graduates of higher education than just over half of compared French towns, at 30%. Across the comparison, nearly a fifth of adults out of school have no qualification in the typical compared French town.
Among 41 French towns of 15,692 to 16,618 people, the 8th oldest
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
At the ends of the range sit Saint-Julien-en-Genevois (35.4), the youngest, and Biscarrosse (53.2), the oldest.
4 in 6 nearby towns have a higher median age than Gaillac
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gaillac | 45.7 | 27% | 2.9% | 11% |
| Lisle-sur-Tarn 4,939 · 5.6 mi | 46.6 | 25% | 4.7% | 5.2% |
| Marssac-sur-Tarn 3,518 · 6.7 mi | 46.9 | 26% | 3.5% | 4.7% |
| Rabastens 5,867 · 10.3 mi | 45.7 | 23% | 4.8% | 5.1% |
| Coufouleux 3,057 · 10.9 mi | 41.8 | 19% | 1.8% | 4.4% |
| Graulhet 13,129 · 11.1 mi | 48.1 | 26% | 1.8% | 14% |
| Albi 51,290 · 12.6 mi | 46 | 28% | 4.3% | 11% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Gaillac
What is the population of Gaillac?
16,162 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 17% more than in 2012 (13,820).
How old are Gaillac’s residents?
The median age is 45.7, older than 61% of compared French towns. 21% are under 18 and 27% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Gaillac?
250, with occasional dwellings: 2.9% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Gaillac?
INSEE counts 1,720 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 11% of residents, and 1,280 foreign nationals (7.9%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Gaillac?
€23,200 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970); 21.0% of residents live below the poverty line. Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.