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Blackearth-jul11Photo: VazDrae · CC BY-SA 3.0
–Not graded
History · Black Earth

17% of Black Earth’s homes were built before 1940

Below: 1 old photo or paper, maps from 1894 on, and the census since 1890.

0on the National Register
17%homes built before 1940
1old photo or paper
1famous people
From Black Earth’s archive · credits on each photo

What stands out about Black Earth’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · Help out

Start Black Earth’s collection

The first neighbors to add old photos shape how Black Earth’s history is told.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
1 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
Every building

Black Earth, building by building, 1894–1915

Fire insurance maps drew every building, what it was made of and what it was used for, so insurers could price the risk of fire. Pick a year, then a sheet.

Black Earth fire insurance map, 1894, sheet 11894Sheet 1 of 1
Edition
Sheets
BrickWoodStone

Sanborn Map Company, via the Library of Congress. Editions published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

The story

How Black Earth came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Black Earth.

Read it all →

In 1851, the town board renamed the town Farmersville, but the name Black Earth was readopted in 1857.

In June 1984, the Barneveld Tornado ripped through part of Black Earth, damaging and destroying several buildings.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

From the old history books

What they wrote about Black Earth, 1877–1880

Passages that mention Black Earth, cut from the printed page as they were published.

Passage from History of Dane County, Wisconsin ... preceded by a history of Wisconsin, statistics of the state, and an abstract of its laws and constitution and of the Constitution of the United States that mentions Black Earth
History of Dane County, Wisconsin ... preceded by a history of Wisconsin, statistics of the state, and an abstract of its laws and constitution and of the Constitution of the United States1880 · page 879Read the page →
The Prairie Du Chien Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad passes through the town, entering at Section 36 and passing through the village of Black Earth, leaves the town at Section 22, entering into Mazomanie. The first permanent settlement made in the town was by Solomon Hayden a…
History of Dane County, Wisconsin ... preceded by a history of Wisconsin, statistics of the state, and an abstract of its laws and constitution and of the Constitution of the United States1880 · page 888Read the page →
Read the text

The Prairie Du Chien Division of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad passes through the town, entering at Section 36 and passing through the village of Black Earth, leaves the town at Section 22, entering into Mazomanie. The first permanent settlement made in the town was by Solomon Hayden and Charles Turk, in the spring of 1843, Mr. Hayden erecting the first house within the present town limits. It was a rude affair, such as is common to all new countries, but it was a home, and " Be it ever so humble, there's no place like home." The next settler was Henry Wilson, who came in October, 1848, of whom the story is often told, that he spent his first winter in a haystack.

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.
This township, located in the northwest comer of the county, was formerly a part of the town of Black Earth, and comprises the north half of towiiship 8 north, of range 6 east, and fractional part of town 9, range 6, lying south and east of the Wisconsin river. The northern portion of this town bor…
Madison, Dane County and surrounding towns1877 · page 592Read the page →
Read the text

This township, located in the northwest comer of the county, was formerly a part of the town of Black Earth, and comprises the north half of towiiship 8 north, of range 6 east, and fractional part of town 9, range 6, lying south and east of the Wisconsin river. The northern portion of this town bordering on the rirer, was at one time low and marshy; but now, extensive tracts have been drained and brought under cultivation,

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.

Scans and text from the Internet Archive. Books published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

Timeline

Black Earth, 1844 to 1941

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 19th century
  2. 1844Born hereFlavia Camp Canfield is born here
  3. 20th century
  4. 1920On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  5. 1941In the archiveFarmer at Black Earth, Wisconsin
By decade

Black Earth, decade by decade

One decade in the archive so far: the 1940s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

On the map

Black Earth on the map, 1920 to 1962

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Black Earth. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Black Earth on the 1920 USGS mapBlack Earth on the 1962 USGS map1920Blue Mounds sheet · 1:62,500

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Black Earth.

Then & now

Stand where they stood

No then-and-now pairs yet. Take a photo from the same spot as an old one and they appear here side by side.

Farmer at Black Earth, Wisconsin
Retake this viewFarmer at Black Earth, Wisconsin, 1941

Find the spot, match the angle, and add your photo. It becomes the first then-and-now pair on Black Earth’s page.

Retake this view · +15
People over time

Black Earth, census by census

02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,60019001920194019601980200020201,493

Grew from 355 people in 1890 to 1,493 in 2020, 4 times over.

13 censuses, 1890–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Black Earth’s Wikipedia page.

Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Questions about Black Earth’s history

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021). How TownRatings grades history →

From Wikimedia Commons (10), the Library of Congress (1), Wikidata (1), Wikipedia, Wikidata and Wikipedia for famous people, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the USGS Geographic Names Information System, Sanborn fire insurance maps (Library of Congress) and old county and town histories (Internet Archive). Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.