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Braintree High StreetPhoto: Glyn Baker · CC BY-SA 2.0
B−Outdoors Grade
Outdoors in Braintree · parks, paths & countryside

89% of Braintree’s residents live within a 5-minute walk of a park

Footpaths add up to 126 km in the town and the kilometre around it, 3.7 for every square kilometre. Parks and playing fields in Braintree add up to 1.7 ha for every 1,000 residents; the typical UK town has 2.1. Braintree grades B− for the outdoors: #42 of 81 in Essex. A character grade: it isn’t part of the overall grade.

Green space
1.7 ha
per 1,000 residents
Typical UK town 2.1
Near a park
89%
of residents within 400 m
Typical UK town 83%
Footpaths
126 km
3.7 km per km², town + 1 km
Typical UK town 3.0 per km²
Protected landscape
0%
of the land within 5 km
Nearest: Dedham Vale National Landscape
Character

What kind of outdoors town is Braintree?

Read from the data: what stands out first, good and bad.

Braintree’s strongest suit is dense footpaths. Where it falls short is park space per person.

Outdoors grade

Braintree grades B− for the outdoors

Each chart is every UK town of 1,000 or more on one measure: the green bar is Braintree, the dashed line the typical town. The number is the share of towns it beats; the five are averaged and the average ranked again.

B−
Better than 47% of UK towns#42 of 81 in Essex · 48th of 60 UK towns its size
Public green space1.7 haper 1,000 residents: parks, gardens, playing fields, play spaces
typical 2.1 ha010+
33out of
100
A park within a walk89%of residents within 400 m (a 5-minute walk)
typical 83%0100+
65out of
100
National Park or National Landscape0%of the land within 5 km · None within 5 km
none100+
31out of
100
Footpaths3.7 kmper km², the town and 1 km around it
typical 3.0 km010+
76out of
100
The sea0%of the area within 5 km · Inland
none80+
42out of
100

Graded, never part of the overall grade (like History and Civic life). It measures what is mapped: OS Open Greenspace leaves out woodland and open-access land that isn’t a park, and OpenStreetMap’s rural paths are more complete in some places than others.

Towns its size

Braintree is 48th of 60 UK towns its size for the outdoors

The 60 UK towns and cities of 37,600 to 49,000 people with an Outdoors Grade. Hover a dot for its figures; tap one for its page.

0255075100Grantham (Lincolnshire): D · 0.9 ha green space per 1,000 · 69% near a park · 2.7 km path per km²Worksop (Nottinghamshire): C− · 1.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 75% near a park · 3 km path per km²Boston (Lincolnshire): C− · 2.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 78% near a park · 2.1 km path per km²Keighley (West Yorkshire): C · 1.6 ha green space per 1,000 · 73% near a park · 3.3 km path per km²Grays (Essex): C · 1.2 ha green space per 1,000 · 83% near a park · 2.1 km path per km²Kirkby (Merseyside): C · 2.2 ha green space per 1,000 · 87% near a park · 2.2 km path per km²Long Eaton (Derbyshire): C · 1.8 ha green space per 1,000 · 74% near a park · 3.6 km path per km²Neath (West Glamorgan): C · 2 ha green space per 1,000 · 80% near a park · 1.4 km path per km²King's Lynn (Norfolk): C+ · 1.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 80% near a park · 2.2 km path per km²Urmston (Greater Manchester): C+ · 1.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 79% near a park · 3.8 km path per km²Leighton Buzzard (Bedfordshire): C+ · 1.5 ha green space per 1,000 · 85% near a park · 3.8 km path per km²Tipton (West Midlands): B− · 1.9 ha green space per 1,000 · 79% near a park · 4.5 km path per km²Braintree (Essex): B− · 1.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 89% near a park · 3.7 km path per km²Canvey Island (Essex): B− · 1.5 ha green space per 1,000 · 86% near a park · 2.3 km path per km²Lytham St Anne's (Lancashire): B− · 2.4 ha green space per 1,000 · 83% near a park · 1.5 km path per km²Eccles (Greater Manchester): B− · 2.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 93% near a park · 2.5 km path per km²Oldbury (West Midlands): B− · 3 ha green space per 1,000 · 68% near a park · 4.3 km path per km²Bury St Edmunds (Suffolk): B− · 3 ha green space per 1,000 · 78% near a park · 3.4 km path per km²Fareham (Hampshire): B · 1.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 48% near a park · 4 km path per km²Castleford (West Yorkshire): B · 2.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 92% near a park · 3.2 km path per km²Blyth (Northumberland): B · 1.6 ha green space per 1,000 · 83% near a park · 2.8 km path per km²Prescot (Merseyside): B · 3.5 ha green space per 1,000 · 94% near a park · 2.4 km path per km²Bicester (Oxfordshire): B · 2.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 99% near a park · 3.2 km path per km²Winchester (Hampshire): B · 1.2 ha green space per 1,000 · 79% near a park · 3.8 km path per km²Borehamwood (Hertfordshire): B · 1.8 ha green space per 1,000 · 97% near a park · 3.9 km path per km²Ramsgate (Kent): B · 1.2 ha green space per 1,000 · 89% near a park · 2.9 km path per km²Bishop's Stortford (Hertfordshire): B · 2.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 80% near a park · 6.8 km path per km²Arnold (Nottinghamshire): B · 3 ha green space per 1,000 · 81% near a park · 4.2 km path per km²Leigh (Greater Manchester): B · 5.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 77% near a park · 3.8 km path per km²Middleton (Greater Manchester): B+ · 3.5 ha green space per 1,000 · 80% near a park · 4.2 km path per km²Cwmbrân (Gwent): B+ · 2.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 84% near a park · 3.7 km path per km²Batley (West Yorkshire): B+ · 2.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 94% near a park · 3.5 km path per km²Rowley Regis (West Midlands): B+ · 4.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 71% near a park · 5.5 km path per km²Aberdare (Mid Glamorgan): B+ · 4.6 ha green space per 1,000 · 84% near a park · 1.8 km path per km²Bridgwater (Somerset): B+ · 1.9 ha green space per 1,000 · 86% near a park · 3.7 km path per km²Fleet (Hampshire): B+ · 3.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 79% near a park · 5.5 km path per km²West Molesey (Surrey): B+ · 4.4 ha green space per 1,000 · 80% near a park · 4.4 km path per km²Hatfield (Hertfordshire): B+ · 2.8 ha green space per 1,000 · 84% near a park · 5.5 km path per km²Newbury (Berkshire): B+ · 1.9 ha green space per 1,000 · 81% near a park · 3.3 km path per km²Cheshunt (Hertfordshire): B+ · 4.8 ha green space per 1,000 · 79% near a park · 4.9 km path per km²Leyland (Lancashire): B+ · 4.6 ha green space per 1,000 · 91% near a park · 3.4 km path per km²Hoddesdon (Hertfordshire): A− · 6.5 ha green space per 1,000 · 82% near a park · 4.3 km path per km²Bamber Bridge (Lancashire): A− · 6.4 ha green space per 1,000 · 88% near a park · 3.7 km path per km²Chorley (Lancashire): A− · 5 ha green space per 1,000 · 88% near a park · 4.1 km path per km²Ashton-under-Lyne (Greater Manchester): A− · 3.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 85% near a park · 3.6 km path per km²Christchurch (Dorset): A− · 2.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 70% near a park · 3.3 km path per km²Trowbridge (Wiltshire): A− · 2.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 91% near a park · 4.3 km path per km²Llanelli (Dyfed): A− · 2.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 85% near a park · 2.4 km path per km²Eastleigh (Hampshire): A− · 3 ha green space per 1,000 · 76% near a park · 4.9 km path per km²Bletchley (Buckinghamshire): A · 4.1 ha green space per 1,000 · 91% near a park · 5.9 km path per km²Ilkeston (Derbyshire): A · 3.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 98% near a park · 5 km path per km²Bexhill-on-Sea (East Sussex): A · 1.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 83% near a park · 3.4 km path per km²Haywards Heath (West Sussex): A · 2.4 ha green space per 1,000 · 84% near a park · 4.2 km path per km²Merthyr Tydfil (Mid Glamorgan): A · 3.3 ha green space per 1,000 · 89% near a park · 3.2 km path per km²Wallsend (Tyne and Wear): A · 6 ha green space per 1,000 · 93% near a park · 5.7 km path per km²Aldershot (Hampshire): A · 3.4 ha green space per 1,000 · 77% near a park · 6.3 km path per km²Wrexham (Clwyd): A · 3.8 ha green space per 1,000 · 92% near a park · 3.9 km path per km²Salisbury (Wiltshire): A · 2.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 94% near a park · 3.9 km path per km²Andover (Hampshire): A · 2.7 ha green space per 1,000 · 91% near a park · 4.4 km path per km²Havant (Hampshire): A+ · 3.6 ha green space per 1,000 · 84% near a park · 5.8 km path per km²Braintree
Outdoors score: the share of UK towns each one beats
Footpath, km per km²
Braintree3.7
Towns its size3.7
Essex towns2.7
All UK towns3.0
Green space, ha per 1,000 residents
Braintree1.7
Towns its size2.4
Essex towns2.4
All UK towns2.1
Residents within 400 m of a park
Braintree89%
Towns its size83%
Essex towns84%
All UK towns83%

Braintree falls furthest behind on park space per resident, where 47 of the 59 others do better.

Show as a table
TownOutdoorsGreen spaceNear a parkPath per km²Protected
1Havant HampshireA+3.684%5.830%
2Andover HampshireA2.791%4.421%
3Wrexham ClwydA3.892%3.92%
4Salisbury WiltshireA2.794%3.922%
5Aldershot HampshireA3.477%6.317%
6Wallsend Tyne and WearA693%5.70%
7Merthyr Tydfil Mid GlamorganA3.389%3.229%
8Haywards Heath West SussexA2.484%4.244%
9Bexhill-on-Sea East SussexA1.783%3.413%
10Ilkeston DerbyshireA3.798%50%
11Bletchley BuckinghamshireA4.191%5.90%
12Eastleigh HampshireA−376%4.917%
13Llanelli DyfedA−2.385%2.418%
14Trowbridge WiltshireA−2.391%4.33%
15Christchurch DorsetA−2.170%3.314%
16Ashton-under-Lyne Greater ManchesterA−3.185%3.60%
17Chorley LancashireA−588%4.10%
18Bamber Bridge LancashireA−6.488%3.70%
19Hoddesdon HertfordshireA−6.582%4.30%
20Leyland LancashireB+4.691%3.40%
21Cheshunt HertfordshireB+4.879%4.90%
22Newbury BerkshireB+1.981%3.350%
23Hatfield HertfordshireB+2.884%5.50%
24West Molesey SurreyB+4.480%4.40%
25Fleet HampshireB+3.379%5.50%
26Bridgwater SomersetB+1.986%3.72%
27Aberdare Mid GlamorganB+4.684%1.819%
28Rowley Regis West MidlandsB+4.171%5.50%
29Batley West YorkshireB+2.794%3.50%
30Cwmbrân GwentB+2.184%3.71%
31Middleton Greater ManchesterB+3.580%4.20%
32Leigh Greater ManchesterB5.377%3.80%
33Arnold NottinghamshireB381%4.20%
34Bishop's Stortford HertfordshireB2.380%6.80%
35Ramsgate KentB1.289%2.90%
36Borehamwood HertfordshireB1.897%3.90%
37Winchester HampshireB1.279%3.835%
38Prescot MerseysideB3.594%2.40%
39Bicester OxfordshireB2.199%3.20%
40Blyth NorthumberlandB1.683%2.80%
41Castleford West YorkshireB2.392%3.20%
42Fareham HampshireB1.148%42%
43Bury St Edmunds SuffolkB−378%3.40%
44Oldbury West MidlandsB−368%4.30%
45Eccles Greater ManchesterB−2.793%2.50%
46Lytham St Anne's LancashireB−2.483%1.50%
47Canvey Island EssexB−1.586%2.30%
48Braintree EssexB−1.789%3.70%
49Tipton West MidlandsB−1.979%4.50%
50Leighton Buzzard BedfordshireC+1.585%3.80%
51Urmston Greater ManchesterC+1.779%3.80%
52King's Lynn NorfolkC+1.380%2.223%
53Neath West GlamorganC280%1.40%
54Long Eaton DerbyshireC1.874%3.60%
55Kirkby MerseysideC2.287%2.20%
56Grays EssexC1.283%2.10%
57Keighley West YorkshireC1.673%3.30%
58Boston LincolnshireC−2.178%2.10%
59Worksop NottinghamshireC−1.375%30%
60Grantham LincolnshireD0.969%2.70%
The map

Parks, footpaths & countryside

Tap a number to zoom to a park. Tap a layer to hide it. The dashed line is Braintree’s built-up area.

12345678
Green space: parks, gardens, playing fields and play spaces, named or not.© OpenStreetMap contributors · Contains OS data © Crown copyright · Natural England / NRW
Places to walk

Parks to walk in, in and around Braintree

The biggest is Marshalls Park, 12 ha (30 acres). Directions go to the park’s nearest public entrance where Ordnance Survey maps one.

All 18 named parks by size: 24 ha (59 acres)Marshalls Park12 ha · 0.5 km of pathMarshalls Park: 12 ha, 0.5 km of pathKing George's Field4.1 ha · 0.3 km of pathKing George's Field: 4.1 ha, 0.3 km of pathOak Meadow3.8 haOak Meadow: 3.8 haBraintree Ru…3.2 haBraintree Rugby Club: 3.2 haRaynehall Green: 0.2 haChurch Street Play Area: 0.1 haRiverside Play Area: 0.1 haMeadowside Play Area: 0.1 haMeadowside Play Area: 0.1 haFisher Field Play Area: 0.1 haMeadowside Skatebowl: 0.1 haKing George V Play Area: 0.0 haKing George V Play Area: 0.0 haMill Park Drive Play Area: 0.0 haGlebe Avenue Play Area: 0.0 haJohn Ray Fitness Trail: 0.0 haClare Road Play Area: 0.0 haClare Road Toddler Play Area: 0.0 ha
Parks & gardens 12 haPlaying fields 11 haPlay spaces 0.7 ha

The two biggest, Marshalls Park and King George's Field, are 67% of the named green space. 14 of the 18 are under 2 ha: small gardens, play spaces and pitches.

Braintree’s biggest

Marshalls Park

Park or garden
12 ha (30 acres)0.5 km of path
5 minto walk all 0.5 km of path
17 pitchesfootball pitches would fit
0.6 mi south-westfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

King George's Field

Playing field
4.1 ha (10 acres)0.3 km of path
6 pitchesfootball pitches would fit
0.7 mi south-eastfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Oak Meadow

Playing field · 270 m outside town
3.8 ha (9 acres)
5 pitchesfootball pitches would fit
2 mi westfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Braintree Rugby Club

Playing field
3.2 ha (8 acres)
4 pitchesfootball pitches would fit
1 mi eastfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Raynehall Green

Park or garden · 400 m outside town
0.2 ha (1 acres)
2 mi westfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Meadowside Play Area

Play space
0.1 ha (0 acres)
0.7 mi north-westfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Meadowside Play Area

Play space
0.1 ha (0 acres)
0.7 mi north-westfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance

Church Street Play Area

Play space
0.1 ha (0 acres)
1.7 mi northfrom the centre
Directionsto the nearest entrance
All 18 named parks and green spaces
Marshalls ParkPark or garden · 12 ha · 0.5 km of path
Directions
King George's FieldPlaying field · 4.1 ha · 0.3 km of path
Directions
Oak MeadowPlaying field · 3.8 ha · just outside town
Directions
Braintree Rugby ClubPlaying field · 3.2 ha
Directions
Raynehall GreenPark or garden · 0.2 ha · just outside town
Directions
Meadowside Play AreaPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
Meadowside Play AreaPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
Church Street Play AreaPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
Riverside Play AreaPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
Fisher Field Play AreaPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
Meadowside SkatebowlPlay space · 0.1 ha
Directions
King George V Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
King George V Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
Mill Park Drive Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha · just outside town
Directions
Glebe Avenue Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
John Ray Fitness TrailPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
Clare Road Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
Clare Road Toddler Play AreaPlay space · 0.0 ha
Directions
Close to home

How close Braintree’s homes are to a park

Each square is 1 in 100 residents: green lives within 400 m of a public park, garden or playing field (Census 2021 output areas against OS Open Greenspace).

Within 400 m (89%)Further (11%)
Braintree89%
Towns its size83%
Essex towns84%
All UK towns83%

About 5,000 people live further than that. Playing fields count, so a park within reach isn’t always one with paths or trees; 51 playgrounds are mapped in and around the town, about one for every 847 residents.

National Parks & National Landscapes

The Dedham Vale National Landscape is 10 mi away

Protected landscapes within 30 km, by direction and distance from the edge of the built-up area; circle size shows each one’s area. National Landscapes were called Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty until 2023.

3 mi6 mi9 mi12 miNDedham Vale10 mi north-eastDedham Vale National Landscape: 10 mi north-east of Braintree’s edge · 91 km² · since 1970Braintree
National ParkNational LandscapeThe 5 km the grade counts
National Landscape

Dedham Vale

10 mi north-east91 km²since 1970
Official site
Footpaths & waymarked walks

2 waymarked walks pass through or near Braintree

126 km of footpaths, bridleways and rights of way are mapped in Braintree and the kilometre around it, 3.7 km for every square kilometre (the typical UK town has 3.0). Bars show each route’s kilometres within 2 km of the town.

RegionalLocal
John Ray Walk5.0 km
Essex Way (Epping to Stratford St Mary)1.8 km

Close to home, the John Ray Walk has 5 km of local walk within 2 km of the town. The regional route here is the Essex Way (Epping to Stratford St Mary).

Waymarked walks are OpenStreetMap walking routes. Public rights of way are only as complete as the map in each area.

When to get out

The best walking months in Braintree: May to September

The town’s 1991–2020 averages (Met Office HadUK-Grid) and the daylight at its latitude. Outlined months have 12½+ hours of daylight, highs of 15 °C or more and little rain for the town.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Daylight (h)8.39.911.713.815.616.716.214.612.610.58.77.8
High (°C)881114172023231915118
Rain (mm)534338404651495949656258

March is the driest month (38 mm) and July the warmest (highs of 23 °C). Winter days are short, about 8 hours of daylight in December, and 65 mm of rain falls in October, the wettest month. Frost comes on about 38 nights a year. The climate in Braintree →

Things to do

51 playgrounds and the nearest beaches

Mapped within 2 km of the town in OpenStreetMap, against the typical UK town its size per resident. Named places are listed with directions; unnamed ones are only counted.

The nearest beaches

Braintree is inland. These are the nearest named beaches, measured from the edge of the town.

Mill Beach11 mi from Braintree’s edge
Directions
East Point Beach13 mi from Braintree’s edge
Directions
Weymarks Beach17 mi from Braintree’s edge
Directions
Stort Beach19 mi from Braintree’s edge
Directions
St Osyth Naturist Beach22 mi from Braintree’s edge
Directions
Good to know

Check the water before you swim. The Environment Agency tests designated bathing waters from May to September and publishes a rating for each beach.

Every named place, with directions

Waterfalls 1

Plus 1 waterfall without a name on the map.

Nature reserves 1

Bocking Blackwater Nature Reserve19 ha · in town
Directions

Picnic sites 4

Plus 4 picnic sites without a name on the map.

Playgrounds 51

Fisher Field Play Areain town
Directions
MIlton Avenue Parkin town
Directions
Riverside Play Areain town
Directions
Twelve Acers Junior Playgroundin town
Directions
Brain Valley Park play area0.0 mi from town
Directions

Plus 46 playgrounds without a name on the map.

Dog parks 1

Rachel's Doggy Field0.3 mi from town
Directions
Next door

The outdoors in nearby towns

The nearest towns of 1,000+ within 12 miles. Tap a town for its outdoors page.

ABCDOutdoors Grade
TownOutdoorsGreen space, ha per 1,000Near a parkProtected within 5 km
BraintreeB−1.789%0%
Great Notley 1.9 miB+6.479%0%
Tye Green 1.9 miB2.0100%0%
Black Notley 2.0 miC−1.636%0%
Rayne 2.2 miB−4.364%0%
Silver End 3.4 miC2.088%0%
Gosfield 4.1 miC+3.785%0%

Great Notley, 1.9 miles away, grades B+, the best next door: 79% of its residents live within 400 m of a park. Great Notley, Rayne and Gosfield have at least twice Braintree’s green space per resident. None of the neighbours has a protected landscape within 5 km either.

Questions about the outdoors in Braintree

What is the biggest park in Braintree?

Marshalls Park, 12 ha (30 acres), with 0.5 km of path. King George's Field (4.1 ha) is second. 18 named parks, gardens and playing fields are in the town or within 400 m of it.

Is Braintree near a National Park?

The nearest protected landscape is the Dedham Vale National Landscape, 10 mi north-east of the town’s edge. It covers 91 km² and was designated in 1970.

What are the best walks near Braintree?

2 waymarked walking routes pass within 2 km of the town, including the John Ray Walk and Essex Way (Epping to Stratford St Mary).

What is the nearest beach to Braintree?

Mill Beach, 11 mi from the edge of the town, then East Point Beach (13 mi). Braintree itself is inland.

How many people in Braintree live near a park?

89% of residents live within 400 m, about a 5-minute walk, of a public park, garden or playing field (Census 2021 output areas against OS Open Greenspace). The typical UK town is 83%.

When is the best time of year for walking in Braintree?

May to September: the longest days, the warmest afternoons and the least rain of the year, from the Met Office 1991–2020 averages.

Is Braintree good for walking?

For paths, yes: 3.7 km of footpath and right of way per square kilometre, more than 76% of UK towns. For park space per person it beats 33% (1.7 ha per 1,000 residents).

How is the Outdoors Grade worked out?

From five measures, each placed among UK towns of 1,000 or more: public green space per resident, the share living near a park, National Park or National Landscape within 5 km, footpaths per square kilometre, and the sea within 5 km. It is a character grade and isn’t part of Braintree’s overall grade.

Sources

Where Braintree’s outdoors figures come from

  • Parks and green space: Ordnance Survey OS Open Greenspace (parks and gardens, playing fields, play spaces, and their access points). Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026, Open Government Licence v3.0.
  • National Parks and National Landscapes: Natural England and Natural Resources Wales boundaries, areas and designation dates, Open Government Licence v3.0.
  • Footpaths, walking routes, beaches and things to do: © OpenStreetMap contributors, Open Database License (ODbL), via Geofabrik, 16 October 2026.
  • Historic parks, listed buildings and monuments: Historic England, National Heritage List for England, Open Government Licence v3.0.
  • Rain and temperature: Met Office HadUK-Grid 1991–2020 averages for the town; daylight calculated from its latitude.
  • The sea: ONS Countries (December 2024) boundaries clipped to mean high water. Residents near a park: ONS Census 2021 output areas.
  • Grade: TownRatings’ Outdoors Grade, ranked against UK towns only.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026 (ONS boundaries). Northern Ireland: Source: NISRA; contains Land & Property Services data and Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland information, © Crown copyright, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Scotland: contains National Records of Scotland data, Registers of Scotland data and SEPA data, © Crown copyright / © SEPA 2025, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.