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AHistory
History · Russia

Russia’s post office opened in 1809, and 36% of its homes were built before 1940

More historic than 91% of U.S. towns. What drives it

2 places in town are on the National Register, among them a historic district with 6 buildings. Below: 6 old photos and papers, maps from 1897 on, and the census since 1820.

1809first post office
2on the National Register
36%homes built before 1940
6old photos & papers
From Russia’s archive · credits on each photo
Quick answers

How Russia began

When was Russia founded?

1809

The Russia post office opened in 1809, the earliest record of the town by name. Five smaller post offices, Postville (1831), Gravesville (1848) and Booth (1853), opened inside today’s town and later closed.

First census: 1,685 in 18202020 census: 2,269217 years

How historic is Russia?

A

More historic than 91% of U.S. towns, on its age, its old homes and the National Register.

What drives the grade ↓
Founding year: the first Russia post office (Blevins & Helbock, CC0).The full story ↓
History grade

What drives Russia’s History grade

On its age, its old homes and the National Register, Russia is more historic than 91% of U.S. towns. All 3 inputs are above most U.S. towns; its share of homes from before 1940 ranks highest and its National Register listings lowest.

A
HistoryA character grade: shown, never part of Russia’s overall grade.
All U.S. towns we grade (21,289)Ahead of 91%
NewerOlder

New York towns list more on the Register than most of the country (a typical New York town has 12.3 per 10,000 residents, the U.S. 2.4), so Russia’s 30.8 sits near the middle of its state (62% of New York towns have fewer) while its 7 historic buildings outnumber those of 73% of U.S. towns.

How sure. Graded on any two of the three inputs instead, the letter would range from A− to A. The pre-1940 share is a Census survey estimate (±7.1 points). The founding year is the first post office, not a stated founding date.

Founding year: the first post office (other dates in Quick answers). Homes: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register: National Park Service, May 2026 list; each listing counted once (boundary changes and added documentation belong to their listing), and a historic district counts its contributing buildings. How TownRatings grades history →

What stands out about Russia’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · Places that used to be

Lost post offices, old corners and burying grounds

Russia had its own post office from 1809 to 1910. Five other post offices opened and closed inside today’s town.

Russia
1809–1910
Poland
1829–today
Postville
1831–1853
Cold Brook
1834–today
Gravesville
1848–1966
Booth
1853–1865
Grant
1865–1953
Northwood
1883–1915
18001910today
Hamlets and corners on the map
Cold BrookGrantGravesvilleNorthwoodPolandWheelertown
5cemeteries and burying grounds inside Russia
CenturyCold BrookGravesvilleWheelertownWoodin Corners

US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock, CC0). Places and cemeteries from the USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

On the map

Russia on the map, 1897 to 1978

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Russia. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Russia on the 1897 USGS mapRussia on the 1900 USGS mapRussia on the 1946 USGS mapRussia on the 1978 USGS map1897Remsen sheet · 1:62,500

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Russia.

Timeline

Russia, 1809 to 1933

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 19th century
  2. 1809Post officeThe Russia post office opens
  3. 1829Post officeThe Poland post office opens
  4. 1831Post officeThe Postville post office opens
  5. 1853Post officeThe Postville post office closes
  6. 1869In the archiveRussia (Village); Black Brook (Village); Redford (Village)
  7. 1897On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  8. 20th century
  9. 1910Post officeThe Russia post office closes
  10. 1933In the archiveHABS NY,22-RUS,1- (sheet 0 of 3) - Butler House, State Road
The story

How Russia came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Russia.

Read it all →

The town of Norway was organized in 1792. The town of Russia – called Union until 1808 – was formed from the town of Norway in 1806. In 1836, part of Russia, along with part of the town of Ohio, was used to form the now-defunct town of Wilmurt. As of 1875, the main "industrial pursuits" of Russia were cheesemaking and buttermaking, while the primary farm products (besides flint corn, buckwheat etc) were maple sugar, apples, potatoes, and oats. When the town of Webb was formed in 1896, much of Wilmurt was transferred to Webb with the rest returned to Ohio.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

From the old history books

What they wrote about Russia, 1890–1919

Passages that mention Russia, cut from the printed page as they were published.

There were many difficulties, however, in the way of a second campaign. The financial condition of Russia was very bad, the Russian envoy Postnik had been unsuccessful in concluding a loan in England — if other reasons were wanting, the troubles of the last year of James II. were sufficient — and t…
Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia1890Read the page →
Read the text

There were many difficulties, however, in the way of a second campaign. The financial condition of Russia was very bad, the Russian envoy Postnik had been unsuccessful in concluding a loan in England — if other reasons were wanting, the troubles of the last year of James II. were sufficient — and taxes were already most burdensome. Fears lest Poland and Austria might conclude a separate peace with the Turks which would be disadvantageous to Russia ; the urgent demands of the Poles for

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.
Russia is — Europe as well. When, therefore, I contrast Russia and Eiirope, I contrast two epochs. Russia does not differ essentially from Europe ; but Russia is not yet essentially one with Europe.
The spirit of Russia1919 · page 6Read the page →
Read the text

Russia is — Europe as well. When, therefore, I contrast Russia and Eiirope, I contrast two epochs. Russia does not differ essentially from Europe ; but Russia is not yet essentially one with Europe.

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.
C dominate the others both poUticaUy and intellectually, and Russia was predestined to fulfil the function. Russia would become the capital, as it were, the heart of the others, would in her turn occupy the position that had been successively filled by Italy, by Spain, by the Germany of the reforma…
The spirit of Russia1919 · page 252Read the page →
Read the text

C dominate the others both poUticaUy and intellectually, and Russia was predestined to fulfil the function. Russia would become the capital, as it were, the heart of the others, would in her turn occupy the position that had been successively filled by Italy, by Spain, by the Germany of the reformation, by I England, and by France. In addition to Russia, Kireevskii did indeed envisage the United States of America, a country no less young and vigorons than Russia, but it was too remote

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.
A suitable place for ship-building was found on the liver Voronezh, close to the town of that name, skilful shipwrights were called from England and Holland, and in 1696 there began a new work in Russia — the construction of great war-ships, galleys, and other vessels ; and so that this might be fo…
Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia1890 · page 265Read the page →
Read the text

A suitable place for ship-building was found on the liver Voronezh, close to the town of that name, skilful shipwrights were called from England and Holland, and in 1696 there began a new work in Russia — the construction of great war-ships, galleys, and other vessels ; and so that this might be for ever secured in Russia, and that he might introduce among his people the art of this business, he sent many people of noble families to Holland and other states to learn the building and

Text read by machine from the scan; it may contain errors.

Scans and text from the Internet Archive. Books published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

By decade

Russia, decade by decade

2 decades in the archive, from the 1860s to the 1930s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

Then & now

Stand where they stood

No then-and-now pairs yet. Take a photo from the same spot as an old one and they appear here side by side.

Russia (Village); Black Brook (Village); Redford (Village)
Retake this viewRussia (Village); Black Brook (Village); Redford (Village), 1869

Find the spot, match the angle, and add your photo. It becomes the first then-and-now pair on Russia’s page.

Retake this view · +15
On the National Register

2 listings protect 7 historic buildings

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving.

places listed
2
National Historic Landmarks
0
none yet
historic buildings protected
7
each building in a district counts
first listed
1974
Cold Brook Feed Mill
BuildingsDistricts

Architectural styles listings

Federal1
Greek Revival1

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

People over time

Russia, census by census

05001,0001,5002,0002,5001850190019502000Peak: 2,587

Between 1,281 and 2,587 people in every census since 1820.

21 censuses, 1820–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Russia’s Wikipedia page.

Famous people

Famous people close to Russia

Nobody well known was born in Russia itself, so here are the best known from just nearby.

See all →
Help out

Finish Russia’s story

Most archives stop around 1920. The photos from after that are in family albums, not libraries.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
1 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Questions about Russia’s history

What year was Russia founded?

The Russia post office opened in 1809, the earliest record of the town by name (U.S. post office records).

How does Russia rank for history?

Russia is more historic than 91% of U.S. towns. The History grade combines the town’s founding era, the share of homes built before 1940 and its National Register listings. It’s a character grade, so it isn’t part of the overall grade. How it works.

What is on the National Register in Russia?

Two places: the Cold Brook Feed Mill (listed 1974) and the Russia Corners Historic District (1996).

How old are the homes in Russia?

36% of Russia’s homes were built before 1940 (Census estimate, ±7.1 points), against a typical 27% for a New York town; the median home was built in 1959.

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

From Wikimedia Commons (6), the National Register of Historic Places (2), Wikipedia, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock), the USGS Geographic Names Information System and old county and town histories (Internet Archive). Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.