Photo: Andrew Abbott · CC BY-SA 2.0In Penzance, 3.3% of homes face high or medium risk from rivers or the sea and 4.9% from surface water
On the Environment Agency’s maps, which allow for flood defences, “high or medium” means at least a 1 in 100 chance of flooding from rivers or the sea in any year. Penzance grades D for hazard risk: #28 of 35 in Cornwall.
What stands out about Penzance’s hazards
From the Environment Agency’s maps and records and the BGS radon atlas, below.
What Penzance faces
Each hazard against its own yardstick; meters run from low to high on that yardstick.
Rivers and the sea
Surface water
Past floods
The Ponsandane Stream
Flood warnings
Radon
Penzance grades D for hazard risk
Flood risk from rivers and the sea, against all UK towns.
The share of homes at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea, ranked against every UK town of 1,000 or more: fewer homes at risk is better. Towns with none at high or medium risk are ordered by their share at low risk, so they don’t all share one score. Surface water and radon aren’t graded: they are described below.
Where the water goes in Penzance
Turn layers on and off. Blue is the risk from rivers and the sea; pink is where heavy rain collects. Both allow for flood defences.
The river and sea risk follows the South Cornwall Coast, the River Hayle and the Perrancoombe Stream. Surface-water risk is spread across the town, in dips, underpasses and along small streams, which is why more homes are exposed to it.
3.3% of Penzance’s homes are at high or medium risk from rivers or the sea
The Environment Agency’s national map, allowing for defences. A further 1.2% are at low risk.
Share of each UK town’s homes at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea. 35% of UK towns have none; Penzance has more than 85% of towns.
| # | Town | People | High or med. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rothwell West Yorkshire | 20,964 | 0% | |
| 2 | Hazlemere Buckinghamshire | 20,006 | 0% | |
| 3 | Failsworth Greater Manchester | 19,962 | 0% | |
| … | ||||
| 333 | Halstead Essex | 13,902 | 3.2% | |
| 334 | Conwy Clwyd | 15,706 | 3.3% | |
| 335 | Penzance Cornwall | 14,957 | 3.3% | |
| 336 | Sandhurst Berkshire | 20,220 | 3.4% | |
| 337 | Liversedge West Yorkshire | 17,519 | 3.4% | |
| … | ||||
| 404 | Dunscroft and Hatfield South Yorkshire | 14,000 | 51% | |
| 405 | Goole East Riding of Yorkshire | 20,173 | 94% | |
UK towns of 10,000 to 21,000 people.
The Environment Agency’s Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea (NaFRA2, June 2026) counts each postcode’s homes by band; the shares weight those postcodes by Census 2021 households. The EA counts include homes built since 2021.
Heavy rain puts about 1.5 times as many Penzance homes at risk as rivers and the sea do
Surface water is rain that falls faster than drains and the ground can take it. It is mapped separately from rivers and the sea, and it is not in the Hazard risk Grade.
About 2.5% of homes are at high risk of surface-water flooding (a 1 in 30 chance or more each year) and 2.4% at medium risk: roughly 370 households. A further 7.7% face a low risk from surface water. That is more than 68% of UK towns.
Our estimate: every address in the town (ONS NSUL) read on the Environment Agency’s Risk of Flooding from Surface Water map (NaFRA2, 2025), each postcode’s share weighted by its Census 2021 households. Neither agency publishes a count of homes for surface water, so treat it as a guide; one street can differ from the next.
Penzance has flooded in 13 recorded years since 1880, most of all in 2004
Every flood the Environment Agency has mapped inside Penzance’s built-up area, newest first. The record is fullest for big river floods; small and surface-water floods are often missing.
- 2020February and December 2020: The sea came inUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2017February 2017: The sea came in1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2016February and April 2016: The sea came in1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2014January and February 2014: The sea came in4 hectares inside today’s built-up area
- 2012July, November and December 2012: River flooding recorded1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2011January 2011: River flooding recordedUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
Show all 13
- 2006October 2006: River flooding recordedUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2005June 2005: River flooding recordedUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 2004October 2004: The sea came in5 hectares inside today’s built-up area
- 2002November 2002: River flooding recordedUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
- 1990January 1990: The sea came in2 hectares inside today’s built-up area
- 1962March 1962: The sea came in3 hectares inside today’s built-up area
- 1880January 1880: River flooding recorded1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
Floodwater covered 5 hectares of what is now Penzance in 2004, the largest flood the record holds here (October).
32 of Penzance’s households today live inside the outline of a recorded flood.
Since 2004, the largest recorded flood inside the town covered 4 hectares.
The Ponsandane Stream at Penzance Tesco: highest 1.28 m, in February 2014
The highest level each winter (October to September) at the Environment Agency’s Penzance Tesco gauge, since 2011. The river normally runs between 0.19 m and 0.85 m here.
- 3 February 20141.23 m
- 14 February 20141.17 m
- 28 October 20231.06 m
- 9 February 20241.04 m
- 24 November 20121.02 m
- 16 December 20200.96 m
The Ponsandane Stream has topped its normal range on 28 days since 2011, most in the winters of 2012–13 and 2023–24. By its highest day, the winter of 2025–26 was the 9th-highest of the 15.
Environment Agency Hydrology API, Penzance Tesco (station 48189), daily maximum level; the record and normal range from the EA’s stage scale. Live river levels are on GOV.UK’s Check for flooding.
No flood warning or alert is in force for Penzance · 35 warnings in 20 years
The Environment Agency has 2 flood warning areas and 2 alert areas reaching into the town; warnings since the service began in 2006.
Of the 35 warnings, 29 were for South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, seafront properties and 6 for South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, properties located behind the seafront. 2016 had the most warnings (9); 2014 the most alerts (33).
The most recent warning was on 8 December 2025.
Show the 4 warning and alert areas
| Area | Kind | Since 2006 | Now |
|---|---|---|---|
| South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, seafront properties | Warning area | 29 | None |
| South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, properties located behind the seafront | Warning area | 6 | None |
| West Cornwall Rivers | Alert area | 129 | None |
| South Cornwall Coast from Lands End to Lizard Point | Alert area | 119 | None |
Environment Agency Historic Flood Warnings (first issues only, not updates; “flood watch” counted as an alert before 2011) and the real-time flood-monitoring API. Sign up for free warnings on GOV.UK or call Floodline, 0345 988 1188.
Parts of Penzance are in radon Affected Areas, up to the Over 30% band
Radon is a natural radioactive gas from the ground; long exposure raises the risk of lung cancer. The atlas gives the chance that a home in each 1 km square is above the UK action level (200 Bq/m³).
100% of Penzance’s built-up area is in a radon Affected Area (1% of homes or more above the action level), and 100% in squares of 5% or more.
The squares are indicative: each takes the highest band found anywhere inside it, so most homes in a coloured square are below it. Only a three-month test in the home gives a real answer.
BGS/UKHSA Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain, version 3. Check an address at UKradon.org.
Flood risk in the places around Penzance
Share of homes at high or medium and at low risk from rivers and the sea. Tap a town for its page.
| Town | People | High or medium | Low | Hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penzance | 14,957 | 3.3% | 1.2% | D |
| Longrock | 1,983 | 20% | 10% | D− |
| Newlyn | 3,362 | 1.7% | 1.4% | C− |
| Marazion | 1,350 | 0.5% | 0.5% | C+ |
| Crowlas | 1,054 | 4.2% | 4.5% | D |
| Goldsithney | 1,346 | 0.2% | 0.1% | B− |
| St Erth | 1,128 | 4.7% | 0.5% | D |
| Carbis Bay | 3,967 | 1.2% | 0.2% | C |
Longrock, 1.1 miles north-east, has the most homes at risk around Penzance (20% at high or medium).
Get ready for what Penzance faces
Free warnings, what to do in a cloudburst, and what to check before you move.
- Sign up free for Environment Agency flood warnings by text, call or email.
- Floodline: 0345 988 1188, 24 hours.
- Penzance’s warning areas include South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, seafront properties and South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, properties located behind the seafront.
- Surface water rises in minutes, often with no warning issued: stay out of underpasses and dips.
- Keep the gullies and drains outside your home clear of leaves.
- Report a blocked road drain to the council.
- Test over three months, in a living room and a bedroom.
- Above 200 Bq/m³, a small sump and fan usually fixes it.
- New homes in radon areas are built with protection: basic from 3%, full from 10%.
- Check the address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service: it gives rivers and sea and surface water separately.
- Ask whether the home has flooded or had a flood insurance claim; the TA6 property form asks the seller.
- Homes built before 2009 can get flood cover through Flood Re, the government-backed scheme; newer homes can’t.
- Check radon for the address on UKradon.org (a small fee) or ask the seller for a test result.
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Defences are counted. Both agencies’ maps allow for flood defences and the chance they are overtopped or fail, so a town behind a defence scheme can show few homes at high risk and many at low risk.
- Surface water is our estimate. Neither agency publishes a count of homes at risk from surface water, so we read each address on the map. A flat on a hill and a basement in a dip can share a postcode.
- Past floods are what was recorded. The flood outlines come from surveys, aerial photographs and reports; many small floods, and most surface-water floods, were never mapped.
- One town, many streets. Risk is street by street. Check a specific address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service before you buy or rent.
Questions about flooding and hazards in Penzance
Does Penzance flood?
The last flood the Environment Agency recorded inside the town was in December 2020. 3.3% of homes are at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea on the Environment Agency’s maps, which allow for flood defences. About 4.9% of homes are at high or medium risk from surface water, when heavy rain overwhelms the drains. Penzance grades D for hazard risk against UK towns.
Which parts of Penzance are at risk of flooding?
From rivers and the sea, the places the Environment Agency warns directly: South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, seafront properties and South Cornwall coast at Mounts Bay, properties located behind the seafront. Surface water can collect in low spots anywhere in the town. Check a specific address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service.
When did Penzance last flood?
The recorded flood outlines inside the town run from 1880 to 2020 (13 years); the largest was in 2004. Flood warnings have been issued for parts of the town since 2006, most recently on 8 December 2025.
Is Penzance at risk of surface water flooding?
About 2.5% of homes are at high risk and 2.4% at medium risk from surface water, against 3.3% at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea. Surface water floods come with little warning, and the agencies don’t issue warnings for them.
Is radon a problem in Penzance?
100% of the town’s built-up area is in a radon Affected Area on the BGS/UKHSA atlas, and 100% is in 1 km squares where 5% or more of homes may be above the action level. Most homes are below it; a three-month test is the only way to know.
Are there flood warnings in Penzance now?
No flood warning or alert was in force near Penzance at 3 November 2026, 19:28. Live warnings are on GOV.UK’s Check for flooding service and Floodline, 0345 988 1188.
Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and/or database right 2026. Contains British Geological Survey materials © UKRI 2026.
Sources: Environment Agency Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea, postcodes in areas at risk (June 2026); Natural Resources Wales Flood Risk Assessment Wales (May 2026); ONS Census 2021 households by postcode · Environment Agency Risk of Flooding from Surface Water (NaFRA2, 2025) and Natural Resources Wales Flood Risk Assessment Wales surface water and small watercourses, read at every address (ONS National Statistics UPRN Lookup, September 2026) and weighted by Census 2021 households by postcode · Environment Agency Recorded Flood Outlines and Natural Resources Wales historic flood map, inside the ONS 2022 built-up-area boundary · Environment Agency Hydrology API (daily maximum river level) and flood-monitoring stage scales · Environment Agency real-time flood-monitoring API · Environment Agency Historic Flood Warnings (January 2006 to June 2026) and flood warning and alert areas · BGS/UKHSA Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain, version 3, by 1 km square · TownRatings grades: our own summary of the data, ranked against UK towns only. All under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026 (ONS boundaries). Northern Ireland: Source: NISRA; contains Land & Property Services data and Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland information, © Crown copyright, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Scotland: contains National Records of Scotland data, Registers of Scotland data and SEPA data, © Crown copyright / © SEPA 2025, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.