Old Latin School · Photo: Jo Turner · CC BY-SA 2.0

History of Buckingham · Historic England

189 listed buildings, 2 of them Grade I

On the Historic England list, all of them stand inside Buckingham’s built-up area, 132 for every 10,000 residents. It also has 1 scheduled monument. 8.4% of its homes were built before 1919. We have photos of 13 of its listed buildings. Buckingham grades B+ for history: #8 of 39 in Buckinghamshire.

2Grade I 8Grade II*1scheduled monument 19on Well Street

Listed buildings

189

132 per 10,000 residents

Grade I

exceptional interest

Grade II*

more than special interest

Scheduled monuments

nationally important sites

Homes built before 1919

8.4%

typical UK town 15%

In pictures

Buckingham in 14 photos

Nearly every Grade I and II* building, photographed. Tap a photo to step through them full screen.

Church of St Peter and St PaulGrade I listed

Castle HouseGrade I listed

King's Head Public HouseGrade II listed

Old Market HouseGrade II listed

Prebend HouseGrade II listed+9See all photos

Photos from Wikimedia Commons and Geograph, copied to our own server, each credited to its photographer with its licence; names open the building’s page or its official list entry.

The map

Where Buckingham’s history is

Every Grade I and II* building, monument and historic park, over the age of each neighbourhood’s homes.

Grade IGrade II*Scheduled monument

Homes built before 1919, by neighbourhoodunder 10%10–25%25–50%50%+

0 of 8neighbourhoods have mostly pre-1919 homes; in the oldest, 42% were built before 1919.

Hover a dot for its name; tap one with a photo to open it.

189 listed buildings by grade

2 Grade I8 Grade II*179 Grade II

Historic England lists buildings in three grades: Grade I for buildings of exceptional interest (about 2.5% of all listed buildings), Grade II* for particularly important buildings of more than special interest (about 5.8%), and Grade II for buildings of special interest (about 91.7%). Listing protects the whole building, inside and out.

Every entry on the National Heritage List for England whose point lies inside the ONS 2022 built-up-area boundary. One list entry can cover a terrace or a group of buildings. Neighbourhood dots: the population-weighted centre of each Census 2021 output area, coloured by its neighbourhood’s (LSOA’s) share of homes built before 1919 (Valuation Office Agency, March 2025).

Grade I

The 2 Grade I listed buildings in Buckingham

Buildings of exceptional interest, about 2.5% of all listed buildings. Every one is photographed. Each opens its own page, with the official list entry.

Church · listed 1952St Peter and St PaulOn the list as Church of St Peter and St PaulPhoto: Chris Nyborg · CC BY-SA 3.0

Public · listed 1952Castle HousePhoto: Stephen Richards · CC BY-SA 2.0

Grade II*

The 8 Grade II* listed buildings in Buckingham

Particularly important buildings of more than special interest. Every one is photographed.

Public · listed 1952Buckingham Chantry ChapelOn the list as Old Latin SchoolPhoto: Jo Turner · CC BY-SA 2.0

Public · listed 1952Old Town HallPhoto: Nigel Cox · CC BY-SA 2.0

House · listed 1952The Manor House and Twisted ChimneysOn the list as The Manor House Twisted ChimneysPhoto: Colin Smith · CC BY-SA 2.0

House · listed 1952Buckingham Old GaolOn the list as The Old GaolPhoto: Chris Nyborg · CC BY-SA 3.0

House · listed 1973The VicaragePhoto: Lilactree2013 · CC BY-SA 4.0

House · listed 1952Trinity HousePhoto: Lilactree2013 · CC BY-SA 4.0

Public · listed 1952Trolly HallPhoto: Colin Smith · CC BY-SA 2.0

House · listed 197329 and 30, West StreetPhoto: Lilactree2013 · CC BY-SA 4.0

Historic streets

Well Street has the most listed buildings

Streets by the listed entries with an address on them. One entry can be a whole terrace, so long rows count once.

Well Street19 listed

West Street13 listed · 1 II*

Castle Street10 listed

High Street9 listed

Nelson Street9 listed

Market Hill7 listed

Market Square7 listed

Bristle Hill6 listed

Church Street6 listed

Bridge Street4 listed

School Lane3 listed

Of the 189 entries, 101 are named by a street address; the rest are named buildings such as churches, halls and bridges.

What’s protected

Most of Buckingham’s listed buildings are homes

Every listed building sorted by what its list name says it is.

Houses, terraces & villas151

Public & civic buildings13

Inns, shops & warehouses12

Walls, gates & bridges8

Churches, chapels & priories3

Memorials, crosses & tombs1

Street furniture1

151 entries (80%) are houses, terraces and villas. 3 are churches, chapels and priories, including 1 of the 2 Grade I buildings.

Buildings are sorted by words in each entry’s name (church, gate, inn, memorial…): the list’s open data has no building type. An entry named only by its address counts as a house.

Grade II

179 Grade II listed buildings

Most listed buildings are in this grade, which covers buildings of special interest. Open any building to read its official list entry.

The first 150 of 179 Grade II listed buildings, A to Z

Avenue House and Barracks House, Attached Walls, Gates, Gate Piers and Outbuildings Boundary Wall to West Side of Former Grounds of St John's House Bourton Mill House Bourton Villa Brewery House Old Brewery House Bristle House Buckingham Lodges, East Lodge Buckingham Lodges, West Lodge Buckingham War Memorial Building to Rear of Number 18 Market Hill Castle Mill House Chandos House Chewar House Christ's Hospital Corner House Fernleigh Grand Junction Public House Hill House Hillside Cottage Istra House (Part), University of Buckingham Istra House (Part), University of Buckingham King's Head Public House Lloyds Bank London Bridge and Causeway to North Market Cross Remains in Old Churchyard Markhams Court Marriotts Michaelmas Cottage Mitre Cottage Moriah Cottage and Attached Outbuilding Nortons House Numbers 21 and 22 and Attached Outbuildings Old Chuchyard, Bartlett Family Vault and Associated Chest Tombs and Headstones Old Churchyard Revetment Wall Old Churchyard, Box and Ridgeway Chest Tombs to South of Path Old Churchyard, French Tomb near Church Street Entrance to South Side of Old Churchyard, Group of 5 Chest Tombs at East Side, To South of Path Old Churchyard, Thomas Chest Tomb Approximately 2 Metres North of Southern Boundary Wall Old Churchyard, Three Chest Tombs to North of Path Old Market House Old Timbers Old Well Cottage Outbuilding Belonging to and Immediately West of Castle House Outbuilding to Prebend House Police Station Prebend Cottage Prebend House Priory House Pump to Rear of Number 8 Rose Cottage Royal Oak House Sandon House St John's House Stoneleigh House Summerhouse in Grounds of Cobham Cottage at Sp 6948 3414 The Butcher's Arms The Cottage The Ferns The Lower Shop the Upper Shop The Mitre Public House The New Inn The Old Admiral Nelson The Old House and Attached Outbuilding The Radcliffe Centre The Three Cups Public House The Villiers Hotel The Well House The White House Tithe Cottage Tudor Cottage Villiers House Wall Bounding North Side of Garden of the Manor House Wall Bounding South and West Sides of Garden of the Manor House Wall Enclosing Garden of Castle House Well House White Hart Hotel Willowbank Wycliffe House Yeomanry Hall and Attached Building Bordering Yard to South Yeomanry House 1 and 2, Manor Street 1 and 2, School Lane 1, 1A and 1B, Well Street 1, Bristle Hill 10, Market Square 10, Meadow Row 10, School Lane 10, Well Street 11 and 12, Well Street 11, Bristle Hill 11, Castle Street 11, Church Street 12, Church Street 13 and 14, Church Street 13, 14 and 15, Market Square 13-17, Bridge Street 14 and 15, Castle Street 14, West Street 15 and 16, Market Hill 15, Church Street 15, Hunter Street 16 and 17, Market Square 17, Market Hill 18 and 19, Castle Street 18 and 19, Elm Street 18, Market Hill 18, Market Square 19 and 19A, Market Hill 19 and 20, West Street 19, High Street 2, 3 and 4, Church Street 2, Bristle Hill 20, Elm Street 20, Market Hill 21, High Street 22 and 23, Castle Street 22-25, Well Street 23, Bridge Street 23, Church Street 23, West Street 24, Castle Street 25, Castle Street 25, Market Hill 25, West Street 26, West Street 27, West Street 27-30, High Street 28, West Street 29 and 30, Well Street 3 and 4, Bristle Hill 3 and 4, Market Square 3, Lenborough Road 3, Manor Street 3, Nelson Street 3, Well Street 3, West Street 30, Nelson Street 31 and 31A, High Street 31 and 33, West Street 32, High Street 34, High Street 34, Well Street 35, Well Street 36 and 37, Nelson Street 39, Nelson Street 4 and 5, Bridge Street 4 and 5, Well Street 4, 5 and 6, West Street 4, High Street 4, Nelson Street 40 and 41, Nelson Street

Search the rest on Historic England’s list →

Conservation areas

1 conservation area covers 10% of Buckingham

Areas the council protects as a whole: demolition and changes to how buildings look need consent, and trees are protected.

Buckingham 197142 ha

42 hain conservation areas, of 420 ha inside the built-up area.

182 of the 189 listed buildings stand in one.

Historic England’s conservation areas layer, supplied by councils (incomplete in places, so a page fact, never graded). Hectares are the part of each area inside the built-up area.

How the list grew

More than half of Buckingham’s listed buildings were added in one year, 1973

The year each building now on the list was first listed.

1973 · 1281952 · 281994 · 25

19501960197019801990200020102020

The first 28 entries were listed in 1952, 2 of the 2 Grade I buildings among them. 128 came in 1973, in the national resurvey of the 1970s and 80s. Only 1 has been added in the last 15 years.

Monuments & landscapes

Monuments, parks and gardens

Designations that overlap the town by a tenth of their area or half a hectare.

1 scheduled monument

Nationally important archaeological sites and monuments, protected by law; work on them needs consent from the Secretary of State, advised by Historic England.

St Rumbold's Well

History Grade

Buckingham grades B+ for history

Protected heritage and the age of the town’s homes, against all UK towns.

Protected heritage, for its size and in all (203 points, 142 per 10,000 residents)More than 86% of UK towns

Homes built before 1919 (8.4%)More than 20% of UK towns

Two measures, each ranked against every UK town of 1,000 or more, with protected heritage counting twice as much as the age of homes. Protected heritage counts each listed building by its grade (Grade I three points, II* two, II one), each scheduled monument and battlefield two, and each registered park or garden by its grade; it is ranked both per 10,000 residents and as a total, so a village with one fine church doesn’t outrank a historic city. The second measure is the share of homes built before 1919, from the Valuation Office Agency’s council tax records. History is a character grade: it describes the town and isn’t part of the overall grade.

Homes by age

8.4% of Buckingham’s homes were built before 1919

Every home by when it was built, from council tax records, against England & Wales (the dark tick).

7.8%

Before 1900

0.6%

1900–18

1.2%

1919–29

2.4%

1930s

2.1%

1945–54

5.9%

1955–64

5.7%

1965–72

13%

1973–82

18%

1983–92

7.8%

1993–99

8.3%

2000–08

14%

2009–15

13%

2016–25

BuckinghamEngland & Wales

7.8% of homes are Victorian or older, against 16% across England and Wales. The busiest period since was 1983–92, which added 18% of today’s homes.

Valuation Office Agency, council tax stock of properties by build period, 31 March 2025, for the neighbourhoods (LSOAs) that make up the town, split by where their residents live. Homes with no recorded build period (60 here) are left out; 1939–44 is not a period in the data.

Towns its size

Buckingham has the 52nd most Grade I buildings of 561 towns its size

Places of 9,000–23,000 people outside London, by Grade I listed buildings.

Armagh25

Ely25

Wells23

Buckingham2

#58 of 561for listed buildings per resident (132 per 10,000). Ludlow, Bridport and Monmouth lead.

51 have more. The typical town its size has 0.

Neighbours

Listed buildings in the places around Buckingham

Town	People	Listed	Grade I	History
Buckingham	14,296	189	2	B⁺
Steeple Claydon	2,530	20	0	B
Great Horwood	1,102	41	0	A
Deanshanger	4,128	7	0	C⁻
Winslow	5,238	79	1	A⁻
Calvert	1,434	0	0	D
Silverstone	2,542	14	0	C⁺
Old Stratford	2,427	8	0	C⁻

In brief

Buckingham in brief

Per resident, Buckingham has more listed heritage than 86% of UK towns. All told, the list holds 189 listed buildings, 2 of them Grade I, including St Peter and St Paul. Only 51 of the 561 towns nearest its size have more Grade I buildings. On Well Street alone there are 19 listed buildings.

A conservation area has protected part of it since 1971. Of the whole list, 80% are houses, terraces and villas. Its homes are mostly newer: 8.4% were built before 1919, against 15% in the typical UK town. Otherwise the figures are ordinary: it also has a scheduled monument.

Questions about Buckingham’s history

How many listed buildings are there in Buckingham?

Historic England lists 189 buildings inside Buckingham’s built-up area: 2 Grade I, 8 Grade II* and 179 Grade II.

What are the Grade I listed buildings in Buckingham?

2, including Castle House and Church of St Peter and St Paul.

Which street in Buckingham has the most listed buildings?

Well Street (19), West Street (13) and Castle Street (10) have the most listed entries named by an address. One entry can be a whole terrace.

Are there scheduled monuments in Buckingham?

Yes, 1 scheduled monument, including St Rumbold's Well.

How many conservation areas are there in Buckingham?

1, covering about 42 hectares of the town. The largest is Buckingham.

When were Buckingham’s buildings listed?

The first in 1952; the most, 128, in 1973.

How old are the homes in Buckingham?

8.4% of homes were built before 1919 and 12% before 1940, from the Valuation Office Agency’s council tax records (March 2025).

© Historic England 2026. Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. The National Heritage List for England is the official, up-to-date register of all nationally protected historic buildings and sites in England; check an entry on Historic England’s website before relying on it.

Sources: Historic England, National Heritage List for England (listed buildings, scheduled monuments, registered parks and gardens, battlefields, World Heritage Sites), October 2026, inside the ONS 2022 built-up-area boundary · Valuation Office Agency, Council Tax: stock of properties by build period (31 March 2025) · TownRatings grades: our own summary of the data, ranked against UK towns only · Historic England conservation areas (supplied by local planning authorities; October 2026). All under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026 (ONS boundaries). Northern Ireland: Source: NISRA; contains Land & Property Services data and Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland information, © Crown copyright, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Scotland: contains National Records of Scotland data, Registers of Scotland data and SEPA data, © Crown copyright / © SEPA 2025, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.