Couples with children make up 5.6% in Montréal, less than in 99% of compared French towns
Flats: 5.8%, below 94% of compared French towns. Montréal had 161 residents in 88 households at the 2023 Census. Residents aged 15 to 24 make up about one in 16 here (6.2%). 2.3% of households rent social housing (HLM), a lower share than in 96% of compared French towns.
Throughout this page, the Yonne median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Montréal
One home in three is a second home
The census counted 54 second homes and occasional dwellings in Montréal, 35% of its 150 homes: higher than in 96% of compared French towns. 98% of them are houses. Their owners live elsewhere, so they aren’t in the population figures on this page. Homes & cars ↓
Fewer residents than in 2012
Montréal had 191 residents at the 2012 census and 161 in 2023, down 16%: slower growth than in 99% of compared French towns. Population ↓
Many people living alone
55% of Montréal’s households are one person: higher than in 98% of compared French towns; 46% of residents 65 and over live alone. Households ↓
An older town
Half of Montréal’s residents are under 54.4 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 32% are 65 or older (France median 22%), 7.5% 80 or older. Ages ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Montréal: 35% of homes are second homes, above 96% of compared French towns
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
Where 6.7% of homes stand empty in the typical compared French town, Montréal has 7.8%. The share of households without a car stands at 5.7%. Set beside that, 2.1% of homes are second homes in the typical compared French town.
Slower growth than 99% of compared French towns: Montréal changed by −16% since 2012
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
The first five years brought −5%; the six to 2023, −12%.
Half of Montréal is over 54.4, older than 93% of compared French towns
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Montréal 54.4. The median compared French town: 44.
22% of residents are 65 or over in the typical compared French town, against 32% in Montréal.
Women and men · all residents
53% women, 47% men
About 89 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Yonne 52.2%, France 51.8%. Women live longer than men, so towns with many older residents have more women.
55% of households are one person living alone, more than in 98% of compared French towns
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Yonne median and the France median
Living alone · share
Against a figure of 10% in the typical compared French town, the share of single-parent households in Montréal comes in at 5.6%. In the typical compared French town, the share of one-person households is 35%. On average, 1.8 people share a household.
Median standard of living: €26,370 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
Per consumption unit, half of residents live on more than €26,370 a year: higher than in 54% of compared French towns.
Households headed by a retired person: 61%, a higher share than 99% of compared French towns
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Households headed by a manual worker make up 11%, against 14% in the typical compared French town. Elsewhere, nearly a third of households are headed by a retired person in the typical compared French town.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
A higher share of foreign nationals than 69% of compared French towns, at 6.8%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
That is lower than in 53% of compared French towns; the median compared commune in Yonne has 9.2%. Typically, 4.3% of residents are foreign nationals in the typical compared French town. The share of immigrants stands at 6.2%.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Montréal ranks below 82% of compared French towns on married residents: 37%
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Single residents: 24% of the total. The share of married residents in the typical compared French town is 43%.
Adults with no qualification make up 15% in Montréal, less than in 73% of compared French towns
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
With graduates of higher education at 34%, Montréal is ahead of 62% of compared French towns on that count. By way of comparison, nearly a fifth of adults out of school have no qualification in the typical compared French town.
Of 41 French towns its size (161 to 2,582 people), the 7th oldest
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
The youngest is Villejust (37.2), the oldest Prayssac (62.3).
No nearby town is as old as Montréal
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montréal | 54.4 | 32% | 35% | 6.2% |
| Avallon 6,305 · 7.1 mi | 50.5 | 30% | 5.6% | 12% |
| Semur-en-Auxois 3,986 · 14.5 mi | 50.9 | 29% | 9.3% | 5.6% |
| Montbard 4,639 · 15.2 mi | 52.9 | 33% | 3.8% | 7.3% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Montréal
What is the population of Montréal?
161 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 16% fewer than in 2012 (191).
How old are Montréal’s residents?
The median age is 54.4, older than 93% of compared French towns. 16% are under 18 and 32% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Montréal?
54, with occasional dwellings: 35% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Montréal?
INSEE counts 10 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 6.2% of residents, and 11 foreign nationals (6.8%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Montréal?
€26,370 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970). Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 9, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.