A smaller share of households without a car than 99% of compared French towns: 2.5%
With residents aged 15 to 24 at 6.7%, Enval is behind 98% of compared French towns on that count. 0.9% of households rent social housing (HLM). Few places have so few flats: 6% here, fewer than in 94% of compared French towns. Census day 2023: 1,596 residents and 660 households locally.
Throughout this page, the Puy-de-Dôme median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Enval
Growing fast
Enval had 1,366 residents at the 2012 census and 1,596 in 2023, up 17%: faster growth than in 85% of compared French towns. Population ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Enval grew +17% from 2012 to 2023, ahead of 85% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
Against +5% for the median compared French town and +4% for the median Puy-de-Dôme town, the change came in two steps: +9% from 2012 to 2017, then +7% to 2023.
Older than 68% of compared French towns: half of Enval is over 46.7
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Enval 46.7. The median compared French town: 44.
Census figures put residents aged 65 and over at 22% in Enval.
Women and men · all residents
50% women, 50% men
About an even split. Median share of women: Puy-de-Dôme 52.2%, France 51.8%.
33% of households are one person living alone, fewer than in 58% of compared French towns
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Puy-de-Dôme median and the France median
Living alone · share
Little separates the share of single-parent households here, 9.2%, from the figure in the typical compared French town. There are 2.2 people in the average household. Measured more widely, 35% of households are one person living alone in the typical compared French town.
93% of homes are houses
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
7.7% of households arrived within the last two years, while 26% have stayed 30 years or more. Nothing unusual on second homes: 1.7%, close to the figure in the typical compared French town.
A median standard of living of €30,440 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
The median standard of living in Enval is €30,440 a year per consumption unit: higher than in 87% of compared French towns.
A lower share of households headed by a manual worker than 85% of compared French towns, at 8.4%
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Households headed by a retired person make up 31%, against 32% in the typical compared French town. On average, 14% of households are headed by a manual worker in the typical compared French town. The share of households headed by a manager or professional stands at 16%.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
2% of residents are foreign nationals, below 78% of compared French towns
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
The median compared commune in Puy-de-Dôme has 5.9%; immigrants here make up a share lower than in nearly two thirds of compared French towns. To put it in context, 4.3% of residents are foreign nationals in the typical compared French town. Census figures put immigrants at 4.8% in Enval.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Enval ranks below 86% of compared French towns on single residents: 21%
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Married residents: 43% of the total. To put it in context, a quarter of residents 15 and over are single in the typical compared French town.
In Enval, 39% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification, more than in 76% of compared French towns
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
The share of adults with no qualification trails three quarters of compared French towns: 15%. The benchmark for graduates of higher education in the typical compared French town: 30%.
Ranked by age, 18th oldest of 41 French towns this size
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
The youngest is Villejust (37.2), the oldest Prayssac (62.3).
Enval sits below 3 of its 6 closest neighbors on median age
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enval | 46.7 | 22% | 1.7% | 4.8% |
| Châtel-Guyon 6,299 · 1.7 mi | 48.2 | 25% | 13% | 5.9% |
| Mozac 3,957 · 1.7 mi | 48.4 | 28% | 1.6% | 5.9% |
| Volvic 4,883 · 2.1 mi | 43.9 | 21% | 3.6% | 8.6% |
| Riom 18,820 · 2.9 mi | 43.4 | 24% | 3.2% | 8.3% |
| Châteaugay 3,189 · 3.8 mi | 46.6 | 24% | 1.5% | 7.1% |
| Sayat 2,529 · 4.5 mi | 47.2 | 24% | 1.6% | 5.3% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Enval
What is the population of Enval?
1,596 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 17% more than in 2012 (1,366).
How old are Enval’s residents?
The median age is 46.7, older than 68% of compared French towns. 20% are under 18 and 22% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Enval?
12, with occasional dwellings: 1.7% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Enval?
INSEE counts 76 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 4.8% of residents, and 32 foreign nationals (2%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Enval?
€30,440 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970). Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 9, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.