Older than 95% of compared French towns: half of Caubous is over 55.5
Households without a car are rarer here than in 99% of compared French towns. Here, 75% of households are headed by a retired person. Caubous had 32 residents in 16 households at the 2023 census. The share of one-person households is 50%, against 35% in the typical compared French town.
Throughout this page, the Hautes-Pyrénées median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Caubous
One home in seven is a second home
The census counted 4 second homes and occasional dwellings in Caubous, 15% of its 25 homes: higher than in 91% of compared French towns. 100% of them are houses. Their owners live elsewhere, so they aren’t in the population figures on this page. Homes & cars ↓
Fewer residents than in 2012
Caubous had 40 residents at the 2012 census and 32 in 2023, down 20%: slower growth than in 99% of compared French towns. Population ↓
An older town
Half of Caubous’ residents are under 55.5 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 38% are 65 or older (France median 22%), 8.1% 80 or older. Ages ↓
Empty homes
The census found 5 homes empty (20%): for sale, to let, awaiting work or simply unused. Homes & cars ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Caubous ranks above 99% of compared French towns on empty homes: 20%
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
15% of homes are second homes, against 2.1% in the typical compared French town. Of all households, 26% moved in during the last two years and 21% have stayed three decades or more. The usual figure: 6.7% of homes stand empty in the typical compared French town.
−20% since 2012: slower than 99% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
Over the same years the median compared French town changed +5%, the median Hautes-Pyrénées town ±0%. From 2012 to 2017 the change was −3%; from 2017 to 2023, −18%.
38% of residents are 65 or over, a share 97% of compared French towns don’t reach
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Caubous 55.5. The median compared French town: 44.
Just over one in ten residents are 15 to 24. As a reference point, 22% of residents are 65 or over in the typical compared French town.
Women and men · all residents
46% women, 54% men
About 118 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Hautes-Pyrénées 53.4%, France 51.8%.
16 households; about half (50%) are one person
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Hautes-Pyrénées median and the France median
Living alone · share
Single-parent households are rarer here than in 99% of compared French towns. A household here holds 2 people on average.
The largest group of households: retired (75%)
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Households headed by a manual worker are rarer here than in 99% of compared French towns.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
A larger share of immigrants than 88% of compared French towns: 16%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
In Caubous, 14% of residents are foreign nationals, beside 4.3% in the typical compared French town. Elsewhere, 6.5% of residents are immigrants in the typical compared French town. The median compared commune in Hautes-Pyrénées has 7.4%; immigrants here make up a share higher than in 88% of compared French towns.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Married residents make up 48% in Caubous, more than in 85% of compared French towns
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Single residents: nearly a quarter of the total. The comparison figure for married residents is 43% in the typical compared French town.
30% of adults out of school have no qualification, a share 91% of compared French towns don’t reach
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
The figure for graduates of higher education is 20% in Caubous and 30% in the typical compared French town. In the typical compared French town, adults with no qualification come to 19%.
Among 41 French towns of 32 to 2,582 people, the 5th oldest
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
Villejust is the youngest (37.2); Prayssac the oldest (62.3).
No nearby town is as old as Caubous
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caubous | 55.5 | 38% | 15% | 16% |
| Lannemezan 5,811 · 9.6 mi | 51.8 | 30% | 3.2% | 10% |
| Montréjeau 2,648 · 11.9 mi | 53.9 | 35% | 4% | 8.1% |
| Saint-Gaudens 12,139 · 15.6 mi | 50.1 | 31% | 2.3% | 11% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Caubous
What is the population of Caubous?
32 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 20% fewer than in 2012 (40).
How old are Caubous’ residents?
The median age is 55.5, older than 95% of compared French towns. 16% are under 18 and 38% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Caubous?
4, with occasional dwellings: 15% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Caubous?
INSEE counts 5 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 16% of residents, and 4 foreign nationals (14%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 9, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.