Older than 93% of compared French towns: half of Espaon is over 54
The share of flats is 2%, against 30% in the typical compared French town. At the 2023 Census, 186 people lived in Espaon, in 85 households. On the census count, nearly a quarter of households are one person living alone. The town has more households headed by a retired person than 98% of compared French towns, at 53%.
Throughout this page, the Gers median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Espaon
One home in eight is a second home
The census counted 12 second homes and occasional dwellings in Espaon, 12% of its 100 homes: higher than in 89% of compared French towns. 100% of them are houses. Their owners live elsewhere, so they aren’t in the population figures on this page. Homes & cars ↓
An older town
Half of Espaon’s residents are under 54 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 30% are 65 or older (France median 22%), 13% 80 or older. Ages ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Households without a car make up 3.5% in Espaon, less than in 97% of compared French towns
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
In the typical compared French town, the share of households in social housing is 12%; Espaon has 3.5%. Census figures put empty homes at 3% locally. Second homes are more common here than in 89% of compared French towns. On average, 11% of households have no car in the typical compared French town.
Slower than most: ±0% since 2012, behind 70% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
The median compared French town changed +5% over the same years, the median Gers town ±0%. The change was +2% from 2012 to 2017 and −2% from 2017 to 2023.
Below 99% of compared French towns: 5.9% of residents are 15 to 24
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Espaon 54. The median compared French town: 44.
The share of residents aged 65 and over tops 84% of compared French towns: 30%. As a yardstick, 11% of residents are 15 to 24 in the typical compared French town.
Women and men · all residents
48% women, 52% men
About 109 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Gers 52.4%, France 51.8%.
Espaon sits below 96% of compared French towns for single-parent households (5.9%)
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Gers median and the France median
Living alone · share
In the typical compared French town, the share of couples with children is 25%; Espaon has 24%. Households average 2.2 people. Across the comparison, 10% of households are single parents in the typical compared French town.
The middle resident’s standard of living: €24,930 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
Half of Espaon’s residents live in households with a standard of living below €24,930 a year per consumption unit, and half above: lower than in 61% of compared French towns.
A larger share of households headed by a manager or professional than 63% of compared French towns: 12%
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
14% of households are headed by a manual worker in the typical compared French town, against 12% in Espaon. The wider picture: 9.4% of households are headed by a manager or professional in the typical compared French town.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
More foreign nationals than 59% of compared French towns: 5.4%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
7.5% of residents are immigrants. That is higher than in 57% of compared French towns; the median compared commune in Gers has 7.9%.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
A smaller share of single residents than 99% of compared French towns: 17%
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Married residents: 52%, above 96% of compared French towns. As a yardstick, a quarter of residents 15 and over are single in the typical compared French town.
Fewer graduates of higher education than 89% of compared French towns: 19%
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
Adults with no qualification: 23% here and 19% in the typical compared French town. In the typical compared French town, 30% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification.
Ranked by age, 7th oldest of 41 French towns this size
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
Ages run from 37.2 in Villejust to 62.3 in Prayssac.
Every neighbor is younger than Espaon
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Espaon
What is the population of Espaon?
186 at INSEE’s 2023 census, about the same as in 2012 (186).
How old are Espaon’s residents?
The median age is 54, older than 93% of compared French towns. 17% are under 18 and 30% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Espaon?
12, with occasional dwellings: 12% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Espaon?
INSEE counts 14 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 7.5% of residents, and 10 foreign nationals (5.4%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Espaon?
€24,930 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970). Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.