Photo: Nicolas Torquet · CC BY-SA 3.0Fewer couples with children than 83% of compared French towns: 18%
In the typical compared French town, just over a fifth of residents are 65 or over; in Épernon, 19%. The 2023 Census put the town’s population at 5,715, in 2,910 households. Put another way, about one in four: 25% of households rent social housing (HLM). Households without a car are more common here than in 79% of compared French towns.
Throughout this page, the Eure-et-Loir median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
+4% since 2012: slower than 52% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
From 2012 to 2017 the population moved +1%, and from 2017 to 2023 +3%; the median compared French town changed +5% and the median Eure-et-Loir town −1%.
Épernon is younger than 68% of compared French towns: a median age of 41.7
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Épernon 41.7. The median compared French town: 44.
Fewer residents aged 15 to 24 than in 54% of compared French towns: 10%.
Women and men · all residents
53% women, 47% men
About 89 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Eure-et-Loir 52.3%, France 51.8%.
In Épernon, 46% of households are one person living alone, more than in 87% of compared French towns
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Eure-et-Loir median and the France median
Living alone · share
In the typical compared French town, the share of single-parent households is 10%; Épernon has 12%. One-person households: 35% in the typical compared French town, for comparison. The average household has 2 people.
Épernon: 61% of homes are flats, above 85% of compared French towns
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
Épernon sits close to the norm on second homes: 1.3%, about the same as in the typical compared French town. Set beside that, 30% of homes are flats in the typical compared French town. Put another way, about one in 17: 5.9% of homes stand empty.
A typical living standard of €25,750 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
The midpoint of living standards here is €25,750 a year per consumption unit, lower than in 52% of compared French towns. Below the poverty line: 14.0% of residents.
Only 10% of households are headed by a manual worker in Épernon
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
12% of Épernon’s households are headed by a manager or professional, against 9.4% in the median compared French town; 30% by a retired person (32%). As a reference point, 14% of households are headed by a manual worker in the typical compared French town. Households headed by a manager or professional are more common here than in nearly two thirds of compared French towns.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
A higher share of immigrants than 82% of compared French towns, at 13%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
With foreign nationals at 12%, Épernon is ahead of 87% of compared French towns on that count. The median compared commune in Eure-et-Loir has 7.5%; immigrants here make up a share higher than in just over four fifths of compared French towns. Across the comparison, 6.5% of residents are immigrants in the typical compared French town.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Fewer married residents than 92% of compared French towns: 34%
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
Where a quarter of residents 15 and over are single in the typical compared French town, Épernon has 32%. In the typical compared French town, the share of married residents is 43%.
In Épernon, 35% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification, more than in 67% of compared French towns
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
In Épernon, nearly a fifth of adults out of school have no qualification. The share of graduates of higher education in the typical compared French town is 30%.
Ranked by age, 7th youngest of 41 French towns this size
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
Valdahon is the youngest (35.2); Carry-le-Rouet the oldest (56.4).
Épernon sits below 5 of its 6 closest neighbors on median age
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Épernon | 41.7 | 19% | 1.3% | 13% |
| Hanches 2,696 · 1.3 mi | 42.6 | 18% | 3% | 6.6% |
| Maintenon 4,494 · 4.6 mi | 45.9 | 22% | 4.5% | 8.9% |
| Pierres 2,788 · 5.3 mi | 46.6 | 25% | 3.1% | 5.1% |
| Gallardon 3,530 · 5.7 mi | 41.3 | 18% | 3.3% | 7.5% |
| Nogent-le-Roi 4,021 · 7.4 mi | 44.8 | 23% | 3.1% | 8.8% |
| Rambouillet 27,724 · 7.6 mi | 42.6 | 21% | 2.9% | 12% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Épernon
What is the population of Épernon?
5,715 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 4% more than in 2012 (5,476).
How old are Épernon’s residents?
The median age is 41.7, younger than 68% of compared French towns. 20% are under 18 and 19% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Épernon?
40, with occasional dwellings: 1.3% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Épernon?
INSEE counts 760 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 13% of residents, and 690 foreign nationals (12%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Épernon?
€25,750 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970); 14.0% of residents live below the poverty line. Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.