Caledoniain Haldimand County, Ontario

A town in Ontario, home to 56,059 people. Its population rose 8% from 2016 to 2021.

1 place within 19 kmMap →

Photo: Balcer~commonswiki · CC BY 2.5

Population

56,059

people, 2025 estimate

Median age

43.6

years · Ontario’s towns: 46.8

Postsecondary

50%

of residents 15 and over hold a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree · Canadian towns: 56%

Walk, cycle, transit

walk, cycle or take transit to work · Canadian towns: 8%

TownGrade

C⁺

#1,555 of 2,556

Is Caledonia a good place to live?

Some subjects shine; others lag. Its lowest grade is for health (D). It lags on schools as well (C+). At $600,000, the median home value in 2021 came to 6.5 times local household income. Police record less crime here than in most towns (A). The overall grade lands at C+, #584 of 858 in Ontario. On that grade it does better than 43% of Canadian towns.

Figures: home values and income: Statistics Canada, Census 2021.

Health is graded on the health region's survey figures and life expectancy, with the distance to hospital giving the town its own spread.

StrongestASafety A⁻Hazard riskWeakestDHealth

What makes Caledonia stand out

The 2 things Caledonia does most differently from other towns.

Picked automatically from the data

Safety

Better than 89%

of Canadian towns on safety

Its safety grade: A.

Health

Behind 85%

of Canadian towns on health

Its health grade: D.

How Caledonia grades

Each subject compares Caledonia with Canadian towns of 2,500 or more, ordered by how far it is from the middle. Towns in other countries are graded separately.

How grading works

SafetyVery little crime by comparisonAOpen →HealthAmong the weakest of the towns comparedDOpen →Hazard riskGraded on earthquake risk and radon, with high wildfire risk able to lower itA⁻Open →SchoolsSchools trail most of those comparedC⁺Open →Jobs & incomeWeaker than most of the towns comparedC⁺Open →Cost of livingNear typical for the towns comparedC⁺Open →WalkabilityBased on walking, cycling and transit to everyday placesB⁻Open →

How TownRatings grades Canadian towns →

The data

Data highlights are ordered by what stands out in Caledonia.

SafetySafety A

Caledonia’s Violent Crime Severity Index, 37, runs below Ontario’s towns and Canadian towns

Each year, 7.2 violent crimes are recorded per 1,000 residents. Thefts, break-ins and damage came to 18 per 1,000 residents a year, below Ontario’s towns (30.5) and Canadian towns (31.2) alike.

37Crime Severity Index

Year by year · Crime Severity Index for each year

202339

202437

202536

2023–2025	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Violent Crime Severity Index	37	76	86
Property crime per 1,000	18	30.5	31.2
Violent crime	7.2	10.5	12

non-violent Crime Severity Index

34%

of incidents cleared, 2023–25

Full pageCaledonia’s safety reportOpen the full Safety report

Safety37 Crime Severity Index · The index weighs each crime Caledonia’s police recorded by how serious it is.Questions“Is Caledonia safe?”

Statistics Canada, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, 2023–2025 average

HealthHealth D

For health, Caledonia gets a D

For Caledonia itself the measure is access, and it lags: 10 km to the nearest hospital, where 3.7 km is typical. The region has more smokers than Ontario, just over a fifth of adults to 11%, and on top of that the three chronic conditions the survey tracks average 20% of adults, above Ontario’s towns (17%) and Canadian towns (17%) alike. Women in the region live to 81.9 and men to 77.6, 79.6 years taken together (2022/2024). Nobody publishes health survey and life expectancy for Caledonia alone, so this card uses the figure for the Haldimand-Norfolk Health Unit.

48%very good or excellent healthDHealth Grade

Very good or excellent health · adults, age-standardised

Caledonia48%

Ontario’s towns51%

Canadian towns52%

Health	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Smokers	21%	10%	12%
Chronic conditions (average share)	20%	17%	17%
Life expectancy at birth	79.6	82.8	81.5
Very good or excellent health	48%	51%	52%

79.6

years of life expectancy, 2022/2024

10 km

from homes to a hospital, on average

21%

of adults smoke, age-standardised

8.9 km

from homes to a pharmacy, on average

Full pageCaledonia’s health pageOpen the full Health page

Health survey48% very good or excellent health · adults, age-standardised Getting care10 km to a hospital · A pharmacy 8.9 km away on average The wider areaLife expectancy: women 81.9, men 77.6 Conditions and habits20% with chronic conditions · adults, age-standardised

Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey 2023/2024 and life expectancy 2022/2024; Open Database of Healthcare Facilities

Natural hazardsHazard risk A⁻

A flood study covers Caledonia: 6 on the national inventory, the newest from Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority

In Health Canada’s survey, just 2.6% of homes tested in the area exceeded 200 Bq/m³ (6.6% typical). Seismic risk in Caledonia sits near the middle: $0.040 of expected damage per $1,000 of buildings a year, the typical town $0.030.

Lowwildfire bandA⁻Hazard risk Grade

Radon tests above the guideline · share of tested homes, 200 Bq/m³

Caledonia2.6%

Ontario’s towns4%

Canadian towns6.6%

Hazards	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Radon tests above the guideline	2.6%	4%	6.6%
Earthquake loss per $1,000 of buildings a year	$0.040	$0.043	$0.030

Low

wildfire band

flood studies on the national inventory

Full pageCaledonia’s flood & hazards pageOpen the full Flood & hazards page

Flood6 flood studies on record WildfireLow wildfire band · No land burned within 25 km since 1986 Earthquakes$0.040 a year per $1,000 · Canadian towns: $0.030 Radon2.6% of tests above the guideline Be readyAlerts, FireSmart and radon tests

NRCan seismic risk model and burned areas, Health Canada radon survey, the Flood Hazard Map Inventory

SchoolsSchools C⁺

Results around Caledonia lean low: 13 of 20 schools in the lower two fifths in Ontario

The 3 km around Caledonia counts 18 elementary schools and 4 secondary schools, 7,570 students between them. None of them teaches in French, though 10% of schools in Ontario do. The schools around it answer to 2 boards, lower than both Ontario’s towns (4) and Canadian towns (3).

22schools within 3 kmC⁺Schools Grade

School	Level	Students	System
River Heights School Second fifth in OntarioLargest elementary schoolElementary · Grades JK–8	Elementary · Grades JK–8	695	English public
McKinnon Park Secondary School Middle fifth in OntarioLargest secondary schoolSecondary · Grades 9–12	Secondary · Grades 9–12	665	English public
Oneida Central Public School Top fifth in OntarioResults in the top fifth in OntarioElementary · Grades JK–8	Elementary · Grades JK–8	220	English public

See all 22 schools →

Schools by system · Schools within 3 km

English public16

English Catholic6

Schools within 3 km	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
School boards	2	4	3

7,570

students at the schools within 3 km, 2024-25

1.2 km

to the nearest secondary school

Full pageCaledonia’s schools pageOpen the full Schools page

Results3 of 20 in the top two fifths · of the schools with results, placed against every school in Ontario Every school22 schools within 3 km · 18 elementary schools and 4 secondary schools Language0 of 22 teach in French · 10% of schools in Ontario The boards2 school boards · Grand Erie DSB Questions“What schools are there in Caledonia?”

Provincial school lists and results, 2024-25

Work & commuteJobs & income C⁺

Commuters in Caledonia travel further than in Ontario’s towns or Canadian towns, 32 min on average

The car took 94% of commuters, above Ontario’s towns (88%) and Canadian towns (89%) alike.

4%walk, cycle or take transit

How working residents got to work · census 2021

Car or van94%

Walk4%

Public transit0%

Bicycle0%

Census 2021	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Average trip	32 min	29 min	26 min
Car or van	94%	88%	89%

$93,000

median household income, 2020

16%

worked from home, May 2021

47%

of commuters work inside the municipality

Full pageCaledonia’s work & commute pageOpen the full Work & commute page

Unemployment8.3% unemployed · Of the labour force · Canadian towns: 9.9%Getting to work4% walk, cycle or take transit Where people commute to4,400 commuters · The biggest flow out: to Hamilton

Statistics Canada, Census 2021 (labour and commuting) · The 2021 census was taken in May 2021, during COVID-19 restrictions: more people than usual worked from home or were off work.

HousingCost of living C⁺

Rent takes less of local pay in Caledonia than in Ontario’s towns or Canadian towns: 15% of household income

Shelter took 30% or more of income for 17% of households, lower than both Ontario’s towns (22%) and Canadian towns (18%). 85% of households are owner-occupiers.

$600,000median home value, 2021C⁺Cost of living Grade

What homes were worth · The median owner’s estimate at the 2021 census

Caledonia$600,000

Ontario$695,000

Canadian towns$406,000

Census 2021	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Rent as a share of income	15%	22%	20%
Households owning their home	85%	76%	74%
Households spending 30%+ on shelter	17%	22%	18%
Median home value, 2021	$600,000	$695,000	$406,000

$1,137

monthly rent for a two-bedroom

$1,320

median monthly shelter cost for owners, 2021

Full pageCaledonia’s cost of living pageOpen the full Cost of living page

Renting$1,137 a month · A two-bedroom apartment, CMHC’s survey Cost of living6.5 times household income · The median owner’s estimate, $600,000, against the median household income Owners and renters85% own their home

Statistics Canada, Census 2021; CMHC Rental Market Survey via Statistics Canada · The 2021 census asked owners what their home was worth; those values, and 2020 incomes, are what this compares.

Climate

Frosty mornings in Caledonia are scarcer than in 73% of Canadian towns

Gardeners get 164 frost-free days, from 1 May to 12 October. January nights fall to −9.1°C on average, near Ontario’s towns (−9.1°C) and higher than Canadian towns (−13.5°C). The most precipitation falls in July: 98 mm in a normal year. A normal January brings 44 cm of snow, the most of any month.

26.6°CJuly afternoons

Average high by season · ECCC normals, 1991–2020

Winter−0.3°C

Spring11.8°C

Summer25.5°C

Autumn14.6°C

Normals, 1991–2020	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
January night low	−9.1°C	−9.1°C	−13.5°C
July afternoon high	26.6°C	26.7°C	25.5°C
Days with frost a year	139	139	159

139

days with frost a year

164

frost-free days, 1 May to 12 Oct

114

days with precipitation a year

Full pageCaledonia’s climate pageOpen the full Climate page

The yearJuly highs 26.6°C, January lows −9.1°C Rain and snow902 mm a year · Canadian towns: 883 mm Snow141 cm of snow a year Weather station25 km to the station · Hamilton

Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020 (Hamilton)

Weather

Expect November days around 8°C in Caledonia, nights around freezing

At the extremes, July afternoons reach 27°C and February nights −9°C. The month after, December, normally sees 2°C afternoons and −5°C nights. Rain and snow over a typical November come to 78 mm. ECCC’s forecast for Haldimand County is on the Weather page, hour by hour.

8°Ca normal November afternoon

Normal highs, the months ahead · ECCC normals, 1991–2020

November8°C

December2°C

January−1°C

February−1°C

Season	High	Low	Rain and snow
Winter	0°C	−8°C	194 mm
Spring	12°C	1°C	231 mm
Summer	25°C	14°C	242 mm
Autumn	15°C	5°C	236 mm

0°C

a normal November night

78 mm

of rain and snow in a normal November

Full pageCaledonia’s weather pageOpen the full Weather page

Next 24 hoursTemperature and chance of rain, hour by hour The week aheadECCC’s days ahead, beside the normals The yearWarmest July, coldest February

ECCC normals, 1991–2020 (Hamilton); the forecast is on the Weather page

Library & civic lifeCivic life grade B⁻

Caledonia’s public library works from 6 branches

Haldimand County Public Library serves 49,206 people.

Full pageCaledonia’s library & civic life pageOpen the full Library & civic life page

A year at the library3.5 visits per person served Places to belong2 charities per 1,000 residents

Provincial library statistics, OpenStreetMap, the CRA and Statistics Canada

Who lives here

Fewer of Caledonia’s people belong to a visible minority than in Ontario’s towns or Canadian towns: 5.4%

One measure of family life: 18% of residents are under 15. Immigrants make up 8.8% of residents, above both Ontario’s towns (7.6%) and Canadian towns (6.4%). Those 65 and older account for just over a fifth of residents.

43.6median age

CaledoniaOntarioCanada

OntarioCanada

Ages · Share of residents in each age group, Census 2021

18%

Schooling · Highest qualification, residents 15 and over

No certificate, diploma or degree18%

Postsecondary qualification50%

Women and men · all residents

50.4% of Caledonia’s residents are women

The 2021 census counted 24,780 women and 24,435 men here, where women make up 50.9% of Canada.

Who lives in Caledonia
	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Under 15	18%	15%	16%
15 to 64	62%	65%	64%
65+	21%	19%	19%
No certificate, diploma or degree	18%	15%	16%
Postsecondary qualification	50%	56%	56%

Full pageCaledonia’s Who lives here pageOpen the full Who lives here page

Immigrants9% are immigrants · 5% belong to a visible minority Ages43.6 median age · 21% are 65 or over Households18,720 households · 2.6 people per household English and French3% speak both · 0% speak French but not English

Statistics Canada, Census 2021; Ontario and Canada: medians of towns of 2,500+

Outdoors

Rock Point Provincial Park reaches the edge of Caledonia

Of the land within 10 km, 0.2% has protected status, below Ontario’s towns (2.3%) and Canadian towns (2.3%) alike. Wainfleet Bog Conservation Reserve (322 ha) is the biggest, 9.9 km from town. Named trails close by number 3, the Caledonia-to-Dunnville Rail Trail and Chippawa Trail (hiking) among them. The closest of Canada’s national parks is Rouge National Urban Park, at 98 km.

0.2%of the land within 10 km protected

Protected land · of the land within 10 km

Caledonia0.2%

Ontario’s towns2.3%

Canadian towns2.3%

Outdoors	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Protected land within 10 km	0.2%	2.3%	2.3%
Public protected areas within 10 km	6	4	4

98 km

to Rouge National Urban Park

At the edge

to Rock Point Provincial Park

beaches within 5 km

Full pageCaledonia’s outdoors pageOpen the full Outdoors page

Protected landof the land within 10 km Protected areas17 protected areas within 10 km · Wainfleet Bog Conservation Reserve National & provincial parks98 km to a national park · Rouge National Urban Park Footpaths & routes3 named routes · Caledonia-to-Dunnville Rail Trail

Canadian Protected and Conserved Areas Database (CPCAD), OpenStreetMap routes and beaches

History

Caledonia has 5 historic places on the registers, 2 in the top tier

Before 1961 is when nearly a third of the homes went up, higher than both Ontario’s towns (22%) and Canadian towns (18%). Of the dated places, Nanticoke is the oldest, from 1813. The record has 3 provincial or municipal listings. Just beyond the boundary, the registers place one more.

5historic places

Historic places by designation · inside the town

Highest designations2

Other federal designations0

Provincial and local listings3

Among them

1813

oldest construction date on the record

32%

of homes built before 1961 · Canadian towns 18%

historic place just outside the town

National Historic Sites

Heritage	Caledonia	Ontario	Canada
Homes built before 1961	32%	22%	18%

Full pageCaledonia’s history pageOpen the full History page

On the registers5 historic places inside the town Highest designations2 top designations · Nanticoke Older homes32% built before 1961 · Canadian towns: 18%Questions“How many historic places does Caledonia have?”

Canadian Register of Historic Places, Directory of Federal Heritage Designations, Québec’s Répertoire du patrimoine culturel, Wikidata; Census 2021 homes by period

Nearby attractions

Killman Zoo and 6 more in and around Caledonia

Museums, historic sites, parks, gardens and days out in and near Caledonia, the best known first.

All attractions →

ZooZooKillman Zooin town

MuseumGrand Trunk Railway Museumin town MuseumMuseumEdinburgh Square Heritage & Cultural Centrein town MuseumMuseumNo. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museumin town MuseumMuseumCanadian Drilling Rig Museum Inc.in town Historic shipHistoric shipNorth American Yale Mk. IIin town

Photos: each place’s Wikidata image, from Wikimedia Commons under the licence below (our copy, resized).

Photo credits (1)

Grand Trunk Railway Museum: Milan Suvajac, CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons

Keep exploring

Everything we know about Caledonia

15pages on Caledonia

The big questions

SafetyACrime Severity Index 37 Housing & costC⁺Homes 6.5 × income Property pricesSchoolsC⁺22 schools within 3 km HealthDLife expectancy 79.6 in its region Work & commuteC⁺57% of adults in work Natural hazardsA⁻Wildfire band: low

Out and about

Outdoors0.2% of the land within 10 km protected AttractionsClimateJuly afternoons around 27°C WeatherECCC’s forecast, beside the normals

The story

Who lives hereMedian age 43.6 History5 places on the heritage registers Town hallFamous people

Famous people from Caledonia

43 notable people were born in Caledonia.

See all 43 →

Becky Kellar-DukeCanadian women's ice hockey player · born 1975

Cameron TalbotCanadian ice hockey player · born 1987

Andrew CampbellCanadian ice hockey defenceman · born 1988

Byron Edmund WalkerCanadian banker, art collector and philanthropist · 1848–1924

Harold CottonCanadian ice hockey player · 1902–1984

André FauteuxCanadian sculptor · born 1946

Photo credits

Becky Kellar-Duke: Krista Windsor, CC BY-SA 2.0 · Cameron Talbot: Lisa Gansky from New York, NY, USA, CC BY-SA 2.0 · Andrew Campbell: Sarah Connors, CC BY 2.0 · Byron Edmund Walker: The original uploader was YUL89YYZ at English Wikipedia ., Public domain · Harold Cotton: Detroit Free Press, Public domain · André Fauteux: 1997, CC BY-SA 3.0

Caledonia’s neighbours

The nearest places of 1,000 or more. Statistics Canada

Six Nations (Part) 40Caledonia

How the neighbours grade

Town	People	km	Overall	Cost	Safety	Health
Caledonia	56,059	—	C⁺	C⁺	A	D
Six Nations (Part) 40	1,162	16	—	—	D	C⁺

People: Statistics Canada, Census 2021. Distances: centre to centre.

Questions about Caledonia

What kind of homes are in Caledonia?

Single-detached houses make up 84% of the homes here, where Canadian towns sit at 64%; 0% are in high-rise apartments. 23% of households are one person, and the average is 2.6.

Who are the people of Caledonia?

Visible minorities are 5% of the population, where the middle of Canadian towns is 15%. Immigrants make up 9%, and Indigenous people 4%.

Has Caledonia grown?

Between the 2016 and 2021 censuses it went from 45,608 to 49,216 residents (up 7.9%; Canadian towns’ median: 4.1%), and Statistics Canada now estimates 56,059.

How old are the people of Caledonia?

The median resident is 43.6 years old, against 45.2 for the median of Canadian towns. 18% are under 15 and 21% are 65 or over.

About Caledonia

Town in Ontario

For Caledonia, TownRatings uses Statistics Canada’s census-subdivision boundary in Ontario, and every figure on its pages covers that whole area.

Statistics Canada: population estimates 2025 (17-10-0155), Census of Population 2021, 2021 census boundaries.

Population: 56,059 (people, 2025 estimate)
Province or territory: Ontario
Census division: Haldimand-Norfolk
Census subdivision: 3528018

Sources: Statistics Canada, Census of Population 2021 · population estimates 2025 (17-10-0155) and 2021 census boundaries · Uniform Crime Reporting Survey 2023–25 (35-10-0026, 35-10-0183 to 35-10-0190) · CMHC rents as published by Statistics Canada (34-10-0133) · grades by TownRatings. Under the Statistics Canada Open Licence.

Adapted from Statistics Canada (Census of Population 2021, population estimates 2025, 2021 census boundaries) under the Statistics Canada Open Licence; this does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada. Neighbourhood names in some cities © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).