Photo: Robert Graham · CC BY-SA 2.0Durham draws workers in: 2.5 jobs for every resident in work
Each working day 18,582 people travel in to work, filling the town. UK towns are the yardstick, and by them Durham earns A− on jobs and income, #2 of 52 in County Durham. The claimant rate is 1.8% of working-age residents, against 2.7% in the typical UK town.
The short version on work in Durham
The town fills up on a working day
18,582 people come in to work and 5,327 residents go out, so Durham gains about 13,255 workers a day. Sunderland sends the most (1,002). The daily tide ↓
Fewer benefit claims than most towns
The typical UK town: 2.7%; England and Wales: 4% so far in 2026. Benefits over time ↓
Written from the data on this page: ONS Census 2021 and BRES, DWP claimant counts via Nomis, and ONS household income.
On jobs and income, Durham grades A−
Better than 83% of UK towns on four measures taken together: #2 of 52 in County Durham.
Its strongest measure is getting to jobs without a car; its weakest, household income.
How the grade works
Each input is ranked against every UK town of 1,000 or more (higher income and job access are better; fewer claimants and less employment deprivation are better), the four ranks are averaged, and the average is ranked again. A town needs three of the four.
43,070 jobs, 27% in education
BRES counts jobs, not people (a part-time job and a second job count once each), so it runs above the Census count of people working here (30,261). Small areas are shared out to the town by where their Census 2021 workers were based; kinds of work are BRES industry divisions (SIC 2007), rounded. England’s towns: all jobs in its built-up areas.
Jobs at workplaces in Durham (employees and working owners, ONS Business Register and Employment Survey 2024).
Jobless claims in the County Durham council area are below England and Wales’ rate
County Durham’s rate was about 3.9% in 2019, peaked at 6.7% in May 2020 and has averaged 3.1% in 2026, against 4% across England and Wales. Claims everywhere stay higher than before the pandemic, partly because Universal Credit counts more people on low pay as looking for work.
The chart is the whole council area of County Durham, which Nomis publishes monthly; the figures above the line are for Durham’s built-up area. Claimant count: people claiming Jobseeker’s Allowance, or Universal Credit while required to look for work. Employment deprivation counts people out of work on Jobseeker’s Allowance, Employment and Support Allowance, Incapacity Benefit, Severe Disablement Allowance, Carer’s Allowance or the Universal Credit equivalents (English Indices of Deprivation 2025). The “most deprived tenth” compares areas within England only.
Claimant rate since 2015: people claiming Jobseeker’s Allowance or Universal Credit while looking for work, as a share of residents aged 16 to 64 (DWP, via Nomis).
Each working day, Durham’s workforce swells by 77%
17,105 residents were in work at the 2021 Census; 30,261 people worked in Durham.
For every resident who leaves Durham for work, about 3 people come in. 40% of residents who travel to a workplace stay in the town; in the typical UK town of 2,500+ it’s 14%.
The middle of each bar is the same people: residents who work in the town or from home.
Durham’s workers come from Sunderland to Consett
- Countryside1,432
- Sunderland1,002
- Chester-le-Street807
- Spennymoor766
- Brandon724
- Consett653
- Ushaw Moor and Bearpark569
- Newcastle upon Tyne551
- Bowburn415
- Sacriston414
- Newcastle upon Tyne357
- Countryside326
- Sunderland320
- Washington275
- Gateshead260
- Chester-le-Street218
- Bishop Auckland186
- Newton Aycliffe178
- Darlington170
- Brandon165
Sunderland, 10 miles away, sends 1,002 people, more than any other town; in all, 61% of the people who work in Durham live outside it. Going the other way, Newcastle upon Tyne is the biggest single destination (357).
The ten places that send the most workers into Durham, and the ten where its residents most often work (Census 2021, by home and workplace). Line width is the number of people.
£53,605 a year: the mean household income in Durham
Higher than 54% of UK towns of 2,500+; the typical town is £52,385. The whole council area of County Durham averages £42,629.
The town figure is ONS’s neighbourhood (MSOA) estimates shared out by where the town’s residents live.
Total household income before tax, mean, year to March 2023 (ONS small-area estimates).
The spread of household incomes in Durham: £37K to £69K
Mean household income before tax in each of the 6 neighbourhoods (MSOAs) mostly inside the town: the highest is 1.9 times the lowest.
Each dot is a neighbourhood (MSOA, about 8,000 people) mostly inside Durham; names from the House of Commons Library. ONS gives each a 95% range of roughly ±£7K to ±£10K, so neighbourhoods close together on the strip may not really differ.
Car-free commutes: 25% of workers in Durham
Median journey 8.8 km; typical UK town 8.4 km.
42% of journeys to work are under 5 km (3 miles), against 45% across England’s towns, and 10% are 30 km or more. Durham grades A for walkability: the share of commuters who walk, cycle or take public transport, against UK towns.
ONS Census 2021, TS061 (method of travel) and TS058 (distance, straight line from home to workplace), output areas summed. Census day fell in the third lockdown, so fewer people travelled than usual.
How residents who travel to work get there, and how far they go (Census 2021, not counting those working mainly at home).
34% of adults in Durham are full-time students
ONS Census 2021, tables TS066 (economic activity) and TS063 (occupation), output areas summed to the built-up area. England’s towns: everyone living in its built-up areas.
Everyone 16 and over, by what they were doing the week before the 2021 Census, and the jobs of those in work.
Ranked on jobs and income, Durham is 18th among 135 UK towns of 35,000 to 68,000
| # | Town | People | Jobs per worker | Work in own town | Claimants | Income | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wokingham Berkshire | 50,320 | 0.9 | 29% | 2.1% | £83K | A+ |
| 2 | West Molesey Surrey | 47,144 | 0.6 | 18% | 2.1% | £87K | A+ |
| 3 | Fleet Hampshire | 37,800 | 0.6 | 23% | 1.7% | £82K | A+ |
| … | |||||||
| 16 | Brentwood Essex | 55,339 | 0.9 | 29% | 2.8% | £73K | A |
| 17 | Thundersley and South Benfleet Essex | 49,886 | 0.6 | 21% | 1.9% | £60K | A |
| 18 | Durham County Durham | 50,502 | 2.5 | 40% | 1.8% | £54K | A− |
| 19 | Camberley Surrey | 36,787 | 1.3 | 20% | 2.9% | £72K | A− |
| 20 | Royal Tunbridge Wells Kent | 51,215 | 1.1 | 40% | 2.7% | £68K | A− |
| … | |||||||
| 135 | Aberdare Mid Glamorgan | 37,675 | 0.5 | 31% | 3.7% | £40K | D− |
Jobs & income letters rank against every UK town of 1,000 or more; the order here is context only.
Ordered by Jobs & income Grade: the top three, the towns either side of Durham, and others in County Durham.
Next to Durham: how nearby places compare
| Town | People | Jobs | Work in own town | Claimants | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Durham | 50,502 | 43,070 | 40% | 1.8% | A− |
| High Shincliffe | 1,045 | 64 | 3% | 1.6% | A− |
| Sherburn | 2,796 | 296 | 3% | 2.6% | C |
| Ushaw Moor and Bearpark | 6,483 | 1,528 | 7% | 3.2% | C− |
| Brandon | 9,508 | 5,571 | 15% | 3.5% | C |
| High Pittington | 1,147 | 166 | 1% | 1.5% | B− |
| New Brancepeth | 1,280 | 64 | 2% | 3.3% | D |
| Witton Gilbert | 2,525 | 301 | 2% | 1.2% | B |
Jobs based in each place, commuters who stay in their own town, and the claimant rate.
What this data can and can’t tell you
- The Census was taken in lockdown. Census day was 21 March 2021, during the third national lockdown: many people were furloughed or working from home, so fewer travelled to work, and journeys were shorter, than before the pandemic or since. The flows on this page show where people worked that spring.
- At home and no fixed place are one figure. In the workplace flows, ONS puts people who mainly worked at home and people with no fixed workplace (drivers, builders, care workers on rounds) at their home address, so the two can’t be told apart there.
- Towns are built-up areas. Durham here is ONS’s built-up area: the town as built, not its council district. A workplace on an estate or farm outside every built-up area counts as “outside any built-up area”.
- Jobs are counted where they are. BRES counts jobs at each workplace (employees and working owners, rounded by ONS), so a town with a hospital, university or big employer can have more jobs than working residents. Small areas are shared out to towns by where their Census workers were based.
- The benefits chart is the council area. Nomis publishes the claimant count monthly for councils back to 2013, so the line is County Durham as a whole; the claimant rate elsewhere on this page is Durham’s built-up area, from small areas.
Questions about work in Durham
Where do people in Durham work?
At the 2021 Census, 40% of Durham’s residents who travelled to work worked in the town itself; the most common other places were Newcastle upon Tyne (357), Sunderland (320) and Washington (275). 48% of working residents worked mainly at home or had no fixed workplace; the Census was taken in lockdown, so home working was unusually high.
How many people commute into Durham?
18,582 people who lived elsewhere worked in Durham at the 2021 Census, 61% of its 30,261 workers. The most came from Sunderland (1,002), Chester-le-Street (807) and Spennymoor (766). 5,327 residents travelled out the other way.
How many jobs are there in Durham?
About 43,050 jobs (employees and working owners) were based in Durham in 2024, on ONS’s Business Register and Employment Survey: 2.5 for every resident in work, against 0.7 in the typical UK town. The biggest kinds of work are education (about 12,000), public administration and defence (about 7,220) and shops (about 3,390).
Is Durham a good place to find work?
Durham earns an A− for jobs and income, better than 83% of UK towns on household income, the claimant rate, employment deprivation and access to jobs together. Mean household income £53,605; 1.8% of 16 to 64s claim unemployment benefits.
How do people in Durham get to work?
73% of commuters go by car or van, 17% walk, 2% cycle and 7% take the bus or train; 42% travel under 5 km. Census 2021, taken during lockdown.
What is the average household income in Durham?
Mean household income before tax was £53,605 in the year to March 2023 (ONS), against £52,385 in the typical UK town. By neighbourhood it runs from £37,322 in Gilesgate & Old Durham to £69,424 in Aykley Heads, Neville's Cross & Langley Moor.
Sources: ONS Census 2021 origin-destination data, place of work (ODWP01EW), output areas summed to the ONS 2022 built-up area · ONS Census 2021 tables TS058 (distance), TS061 (method of travel), TS063 (occupation) and TS066 (economic activity) · ONS Business Register and Employment Survey via Nomis (open access), by industry division · ONS small-area income estimates (financial year ending 2023); House of Commons Library MSOA names · DWP claimant count via Nomis (towns January to August 2026; councils, regions and England and Wales monthly since January 2015) · MHCLG English Indices of Deprivation 2025 · DfT Transport Connectivity Metric (employment) · TownRatings grades: our own summary of the data, ranked against UK towns only. All under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026 (ONS boundaries). Northern Ireland: Source: NISRA; contains Land & Property Services data and Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland information, © Crown copyright, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Scotland: contains National Records of Scotland data, Registers of Scotland data and SEPA data, © Crown copyright / © SEPA 2025, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.