Photo: Robert Eva · CC BY-SA 2.0Heavy rain is Chesham’s main flood risk: 9.7% of homes, against 2.8% from rivers or the sea
On the Environment Agency’s maps, which allow for flood defences, “high or medium” means at least a 1 in 100 chance of flooding from rivers or the sea in any year. Chesham grades C− for hazard risk: #37 of 39 in Buckinghamshire.
What stands out about Chesham’s hazards
From the Environment Agency’s maps and records and the BGS radon atlas, below.
What Chesham faces
Each hazard against its own yardstick; meters run from low to high on that yardstick.
Rivers and the sea
Surface water
Past floods
The River Chess
Flood warnings
Radon
Chesham grades C− for hazard risk
Flood risk from rivers and the sea, against all UK towns.
The share of homes at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea, ranked against every UK town of 1,000 or more: fewer homes at risk is better. Towns with none at high or medium risk are ordered by their share at low risk, so they don’t all share one score. Surface water and radon aren’t graded: they are described below.
Where the water goes in Chesham
Turn layers on and off. Blue is the risk from rivers and the sea; pink is where heavy rain collects. Both allow for flood defences.
The river and sea risk follows the Groundwater and the River Chess. Surface-water risk is spread across the town, in dips, underpasses and along small streams, which is why more homes are exposed to it.
2.8% of Chesham’s homes are at high or medium risk from rivers or the sea
The Environment Agency’s national map, allowing for defences. A further 0.9% are at low risk.
Share of each UK town’s homes at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea. 35% of UK towns have none; Chesham has more than 83% of towns.
| # | Town | People | High or med. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lichfield Staffordshire | 32,586 | 0% | |
| 2 | Harpenden Hertfordshire | 30,964 | 0% | |
| 3 | Northfleet Kent | 29,892 | 0% | |
| … | ||||
| 209 | Cobham Surrey | 17,505 | 2.7% | |
| 210 | Stourport-on-Severn Worcestershire | 20,302 | 2.7% | |
| 211 | Chesham Buckinghamshire | 23,691 | 2.8% | |
| 212 | Hindley Greater Manchester | 24,485 | 2.8% | |
| 213 | Totton Hampshire | 28,093 | 2.9% | |
| … | ||||
| 256 | Spalding Lincolnshire | 30,552 | 84% | |
| 257 | Goole East Riding of Yorkshire | 20,173 | 94% | |
UK towns of 17,000 to 33,000 people.
The Environment Agency’s Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea (NaFRA2, June 2026) counts each postcode’s homes by band; the shares weight those postcodes by Census 2021 households. The EA counts include homes built since 2021.
Heavy rain puts about 3.5 times as many Chesham homes at risk as rivers and the sea do
Surface water is rain that falls faster than drains and the ground can take it. It is mapped separately from rivers and the sea, and it is not in the Hazard risk Grade.
About 6.9% of homes are at high risk of surface-water flooding (a 1 in 30 chance or more each year) and 2.8% at medium risk: roughly 950 households. A further 5.9% face a low risk from surface water. That is more than 91% of UK towns.
Our estimate: every address in the town (ONS NSUL) read on the Environment Agency’s Risk of Flooding from Surface Water map (NaFRA2, 2025), each postcode’s share weighted by its Census 2021 households. Neither agency publishes a count of homes for surface water, so treat it as a guide; one street can differ from the next.
Chesham has flooded in 1 recorded year since 2014
Every flood the Environment Agency has mapped inside Chesham’s built-up area, newest first. The record is fullest for big river floods; small and surface-water floods are often missing.
- 2014January and March 2014: River flooding recordedUnder 1 hectare inside today’s built-up area
1 of Chesham’s households today live inside the outline of a recorded flood.
The River Chess at Chesham: highest 0.88 m, in September 2014
The highest level each winter (October to September) at the Environment Agency’s Chesham gauge, since 2006. The river normally runs between 0.26 m and 0.70 m here.
- 20 September 20140.88 m
- 7 February 20140.68 m
- 12 August 20200.66 m
- 23 September 20240.65 m
- 20 September 20230.64 m
- 28 April 20240.64 m
The River Chess has topped its normal range on 1 days since 2006, most in the winter of 2013–14. By its highest day, the winter of 2025–26 was the 5th-highest of the 20.
Environment Agency Hydrology API, Chesham (station 2852TH), daily maximum level; the record and normal range from the EA’s stage scale. Live river levels are on GOV.UK’s Check for flooding.
No flood warning or alert is in force for Chesham · 0 warnings in 20 years
The Environment Agency has 2 flood warning areas and 1 alert area reaching into the town; warnings since the service began in 2006.
None of Chesham’s 2 flood warning areas has had a flood warning since the service began in 2006.
Show the 3 warning and alert areas
| Area | Kind | Since 2006 | Now |
|---|---|---|---|
| Groundwater flooding in Chesham | Warning area | 0 | None |
| River Chess at Chesham | Warning area | 0 | None |
| River Chess in the Chilterns and Three Rivers Districts | Alert area | 2 | None |
Environment Agency Historic Flood Warnings (first issues only, not updates; “flood watch” counted as an alert before 2011) and the real-time flood-monitoring API. Sign up for free warnings on GOV.UK or call Floodline, 0345 988 1188.
Parts of Chesham are in radon Affected Areas, up to the 5–10% band
Radon is a natural radioactive gas from the ground; long exposure raises the risk of lung cancer. The atlas gives the chance that a home in each 1 km square is above the UK action level (200 Bq/m³).
100% of Chesham’s built-up area is in a radon Affected Area (1% of homes or more above the action level), and 39% in squares of 5% or more, mostly on the north-west side of the town.
The squares are indicative: each takes the highest band found anywhere inside it, so most homes in a coloured square are below it. Only a three-month test in the home gives a real answer.
BGS/UKHSA Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain, version 3. Check an address at UKradon.org.
Flood risk in the places around Chesham
Share of homes at high or medium and at low risk from rivers and the sea. Tap a town for its page.
| Town | People | High or medium | Low | Hazard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chesham | 23,691 | 2.8% | 0.9% | C− |
| Hyde Heath | 1,048 | 0% | 0% | A |
| Amersham | 17,377 | under 0.1% | 1.3% | B |
| South Heath | 1,278 | 0% | 0% | A |
| Bovingdon | 5,313 | 0% | 0% | A |
| Little Chalfont | 6,506 | 0% | 0% | A |
| Berkhamsted | 21,236 | 0.5% | 1% | C+ |
| Little Kingshill | 1,471 | 0% | 0% | A |
Chesham has more homes at high or medium risk than any neighbour in the table.
Get ready for what Chesham faces
Free warnings, what to do in a cloudburst, and what to check before you move.
- Sign up free for Environment Agency flood warnings by text, call or email.
- Floodline: 0345 988 1188, 24 hours.
- Chesham’s warning areas include Groundwater flooding in Chesham and River Chess at Chesham.
- Surface water rises in minutes, often with no warning issued: stay out of underpasses and dips.
- Keep the gullies and drains outside your home clear of leaves.
- Report a blocked road drain to the council.
- Test over three months, in a living room and a bedroom.
- Above 200 Bq/m³, a small sump and fan usually fixes it.
- New homes in radon areas are built with protection: basic from 3%, full from 10%.
- Check the address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service: it gives rivers and sea and surface water separately.
- Ask whether the home has flooded or had a flood insurance claim; the TA6 property form asks the seller.
- Homes built before 2009 can get flood cover through Flood Re, the government-backed scheme; newer homes can’t.
- Check radon for the address on UKradon.org (a small fee) or ask the seller for a test result.
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Defences are counted. Both agencies’ maps allow for flood defences and the chance they are overtopped or fail, so a town behind a defence scheme can show few homes at high risk and many at low risk.
- Surface water is our estimate. Neither agency publishes a count of homes at risk from surface water, so we read each address on the map. A flat on a hill and a basement in a dip can share a postcode.
- Past floods are what was recorded. The flood outlines come from surveys, aerial photographs and reports; many small floods, and most surface-water floods, were never mapped.
- One town, many streets. Risk is street by street. Check a specific address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service before you buy or rent.
Questions about flooding and hazards in Chesham
Does Chesham flood?
The last flood the Environment Agency recorded inside the town was in March 2014. 2.8% of homes are at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea on the Environment Agency’s maps, which allow for flood defences. About 9.7% of homes are at high or medium risk from surface water, when heavy rain overwhelms the drains. Chesham grades C− for hazard risk against UK towns.
Which parts of Chesham are at risk of flooding?
From rivers and the sea, the places the Environment Agency warns directly: Groundwater flooding in Chesham and River Chess at Chesham. Surface water can collect in low spots anywhere in the town. Check a specific address on GOV.UK’s long-term flood risk service.
When did Chesham last flood?
The recorded flood outlines inside the town run from 2014 to 2014 (1 years); the largest was in 2014.
Is Chesham at risk of surface water flooding?
About 6.9% of homes are at high risk and 2.8% at medium risk from surface water, against 2.8% at high or medium risk from rivers and the sea. Surface water floods come with little warning, and the agencies don’t issue warnings for them.
Is radon a problem in Chesham?
100% of the town’s built-up area is in a radon Affected Area on the BGS/UKHSA atlas, and 39% is in 1 km squares where 5% or more of homes may be above the action level. Most homes are below it; a three-month test is the only way to know.
Are there flood warnings in Chesham now?
No flood warning or alert was in force near Chesham at 7 November 2026, 04:41. Live warnings are on GOV.UK’s Check for flooding service and Floodline, 0345 988 1188.
Contains Environment Agency information © Environment Agency and/or database right 2026. Contains British Geological Survey materials © UKRI 2026.
Sources: Environment Agency Risk of Flooding from Rivers and Sea, postcodes in areas at risk (June 2026); Natural Resources Wales Flood Risk Assessment Wales (May 2026); ONS Census 2021 households by postcode · Environment Agency Risk of Flooding from Surface Water (NaFRA2, 2025) and Natural Resources Wales Flood Risk Assessment Wales surface water and small watercourses, read at every address (ONS National Statistics UPRN Lookup, September 2026) and weighted by Census 2021 households by postcode · Environment Agency Recorded Flood Outlines and Natural Resources Wales historic flood map, inside the ONS 2022 built-up-area boundary · Environment Agency Hydrology API (daily maximum river level) and flood-monitoring stage scales · Environment Agency real-time flood-monitoring API · Environment Agency Historic Flood Warnings (January 2006 to June 2026) and flood warning and alert areas · BGS/UKHSA Indicative Atlas of Radon in Great Britain, version 3, by 1 km square · TownRatings grades: our own summary of the data, ranked against UK towns only. All under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Contains HM Land Registry data © Crown copyright and database right 2026. Contains OS data © Crown copyright and database right 2026 (ONS boundaries). Northern Ireland: Source: NISRA; contains Land & Property Services data and Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland information, © Crown copyright, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Scotland: contains National Records of Scotland data, Registers of Scotland data and SEPA data, © Crown copyright / © SEPA 2025, licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.