Warm Springs Indian Agency, 1937
Warm Springs’s story
153 years in pictures
Census counts: 50 in 1930, 2,435 in 2020. The archive holds 6 old photos and papers going back to 1937 and 4 maps from 1928 on.
- 1873Warm Springs is settled
Warm SpringsOR
2,480 people live in this town, settled in 1873.
Photo: Mat783 · CC BY-SA 3.0
Population
2,480
Census survey, 2020–24
Median home value
$224K
Census ACS
Household income
$55K
median
Median age
34.2
years
Jobs based here
976
A job hub
Is Warm Springs a good place to live?
The best of Warm Springs’ subject grades is an A− for cost of living; the weakest is a D− for incomes. 27% of residents live below the poverty line in Warm Springs, where Oregon’s towns sit at 11% and U.S. towns at 9.6%. No town in Oregon scores higher than Warm Springs on cost of living. Most errands need a car: it is less walkable than 86% of U.S. towns. Only 12 of Oregon’s 228 towns score lower on the outdoors. Warm Springs has fewer than 2,500 residents, so it gets subject grades but no overall grade.
A shrinking town
Warm Springs has shrunk 17% from 2010 to 2020
2,945 counted in 2010 and 2,435 in 2020.
U.S. Census 2010 & 2020 counts
How Warm Springs grades
Each subject compared with towns across the country (schools within Oregon), ordered by how far Warm Springs is from typical.
Jobs & income$55K median household incomeD−Open →HealthLess healthy than 95% of U.S. towns; St. Charles Madras 12.3 miles awayDOpen →Hazard riskWildfire tops the listDOpen →WalkabilityEPA walkability 5.1 of 20; 7.6% of households have no car; 0.5% of workers walk, bike or ride transitDOpen →Cost of livingTypical home $224K, 2.5 years of the Bend metro’s $90K median household incomeA−Open →SchoolsGraded on exam and test resultsC+Open →
Character Graded, but not part of the overall grade.
OutdoorsLittle open land or trail by comparisonDOpen →HistoryIn the bottom fifth of the towns comparedDOpen →
Described, not graded Taste, not quality: snow or an older crowd is neither good nor bad.
How TownRatings grades towns →
Getting set up
Moving to Warm Springs: who provides what
Warm Springs is unincorporated, so Jefferson County and regional agencies provide most services.
PowerPacific Power15.2¢/kWh · EIA 2025HIFLD · EIA
WaterWarm Springs Water Treatment Plant9 health-based violations in 5 years · EPAEPA
InternetProviders and speedsData pending · D4
Trash & county servicesJefferson CountyJefferson County provides services here
Register to voteOnlineIn Oregon you can register online until 21 days before Election Day, in person until 21 days before Election Day, or by mail (postmarked 21 days before).vote.govWho runs elections hereJefferson County Clerk, Elections OfficeJefferson County; contacts on the Handbook page.FVAP, Jun 2025
ZIP code9776197761 100%Census 2020
EPA SDWIS (Oct 9, 2026) · HIFLD + EIA-861 2025 · Census 2020 ZCTAs · NCES 2024–25 · registration: vote.gov, updated Oct 2, 2026.
The data
Ordered by what stands out in Warm Springs.
HealthD
Compared with most of Oregon and the rest of the country, more of Warm Springs’ adults report frequent mental distress
Only 2 of the 143 Oregon towns we compare have a higher share of adults who say their health is fair or poor than Warm Springs. 25% of Warm Springs adults smoke cigarettes. No town among the 143 in Oregon we compare has a higher share of adults who sleep under 7 hours than Warm Springs. CDC measures, 26 in all: Warm Springs beats Oregon on 2 and trails on 17.
5%healthier than U.S. townsDHealth Grade
| Warm Springs | Oregon towns | U.S. towns | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fair or poor health (CDC PLACES) | 31% | 20% | 19% |
| Smoke cigarettes (CDC PLACES) | 25% | 13% | 14% |
| Frequent mental distress (CDC PLACES) | 25% | 18% | 17% |
| Frequent physical distress (CDC PLACES) | 20% | 15% | 14% |
26 measures vs. Oregon
2 better7 too close to call17 worse
| What stands out | Warm Springs | OR |
|---|---|---|
| Fewer adults who have had cancer | 5.3% | 8.9% |
| Fewer adults with high cholesterol | 29.3% | 34.4% |
| More older adults who have lost all their teeth | 33.1% | 12.5% |
St. Charles Madras
12.3 mi away · emergency room
3 of 3
care shortages: primary care, dental, mental health
CDC PLACES 2025 · modeled estimates for adults · CMS · HRSA
SchoolsC+
On state tests, Warm Springs’ schools trail 62% of Oregon districts
Its one school is below. The public schools here belong to Jefferson County SD 509J. Enrollment at Warm Springs’s public school: 499 students.
38%of OR districts it outscoresC+School Grade
| School | Level | Students | Letter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Warm Springs K-8 AcademyLargest public elementary schoolGrades K–8 | Grades K–8 | 499 | D− |
NCES · EDFacts · graded within OR on state tests and graduation
Work & commuteJobs & income grade D−
Warm Springs stands out in Oregon and nationally: a larger share of its working residents work locally
Employers in Warm Springs shed 303 jobs between 2013 and 2023, to 976. Warm Springs’ average trip to work is 20 minutes. For half of commuters, work is under 4 miles away. The top destinations are Madras (7%), Portland (4%) and Bend (3%).
54%work in town
| Warm Springs | Oregon towns | U.S. towns | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Working residents who work in town | 54% | 9.8% | 8% |
| Median household income | $55,000 | $81,000 | $80,000 |
| Average trip to work | 20 minutes | 23 minutes | 25 minutes |
Where working residents work
In Warm Springs54%
Madras7%
Portland4%
Bend3%
Redmond3%
4 mi
median commute distance
976
jobs based in Warm Springs
A job hub
jobs vs. working residents
D
Walkability grade: more walkable than 14% of U.S. towns
Census LEHD 2023 · ACS
Natural hazardsHazard risk grade D
Warm Springs faces a very high natural-hazard risk, led by wildfire
Storm and flood damage is expected to run higher than in 83% of U.S. communities. Of the losses FEMA expects in Warm Springs, 50% come from wildfires and 34% from inland flooding.
83risk score of 100
FEMA risk score
WildfireInland flooding
FEMA National Risk Index · OpenFEMA
Climate
Warm Springs: four seasons and hot summers
July afternoons reach 89° and January nights drop to 27°.
89°summer high
Typical low → high °F
Winter28–44°
Spring37–64°
Summer51–86°
Fall38–65°
Oct 7
typical first frost
May 5
typical last frost
+1.2°
vs. the 20th-century average
89°
typical summer high
NOAA U.S. Climate Normals, 1991–2020
0%conserved
0%
conserved · 0 of 27,066 acres
26 mi
of trails · 0.6 per sq mi
Trails & parks © OpenStreetMap contributors · Conserved land: USGS PAD-US
Keep exploring
Everything we know about Warm Springs
17pages on Warm Springs
The big questions
Out and about
After high school
Colleges nearby
None within 15 miles of Warm Springs; the nearest are
Central Oregon Community CollegeCommunity college · Public · Bend50 mi$5,049 in-state tuitionOregon State University-Cascades CampusUniversity or college · Public · Bend51.9 mi$13,566 in-state tuition
About 4 of every 100 Warm Springs residents are enrolled in college, against 6 across Oregon.
A job hub
Every workday, about 641 people come to Warm Springs for work
Where Warm Springs’s working residents go each day. Line width shows the share.
976jobs based in Warm Springs
54%of working residents work in town
4 mimedian commute distance
Census LEHD 2023
About Warm Springs
Unincorporated community in the state of Oregon, United States
Warm Springs is a census-designated place (CDP) and an unincorporated community in Jefferson County, Oregon, United States. Located on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, the community is also known as the "Warm Springs Agency". As of the 2020 census, Warm Springs had a population of 2,435.
From Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 · facts via Wikidata (CC0)
- Area
- 43 sq mi
- Elevation
- 1,539 ft
- ZIP code
- 97761
- Area code
- 541
Questions about Warm Springs
Short answers, built from the data on this page.
Is Warm Springs, OR expensive?
Not for the area. Cost of living, which also weighs rents, property taxes and how many households pay 30% or more of their income for housing, grades A−.