Photo: Montanabw · CC BY-SA 4.0Less rain and snow falls on Columbus than on 93% of U.S. towns: 15 inches a year
In July the day’s top temperature is typically 87°. Only 73° separates winter nights from summer afternoons. Winter nights are cold: in January they are colder than in 89% of U.S. towns. Radiators earn their keep from October to April, the months that average under 50°.
A year in Columbus at a glance
Each month’s typical high and low, and what it brings.
What stands out about Columbus’ climate
Compared with towns across the U.S., with Columbus’ place in Montana beside it.
What a year in Columbus feels like
Typical highs and lows by season and by month, from NOAA’s 30-year normals.
About 108 frost-free days a year
In half of years the last 32° night comes by May 27 and the first by September 14. Frost and day counts come from NOAA’s station at Columbus, MT, 1.1 miles from the town’s center, at about the same height.
The 2023 USDA map puts Columbus’ center in zone 4b: the coldest night of a typical winter, averaged over 1991–2020, reaches about −22°. Plant labels use the zone; frost dates tell you when to plant.
Freezing nights by month
Average nights at or below 32°
90° days by month
Average days at 90° or more
About 48 inches of snow a winter
Snow, measured at Columbus, MT, falls mostly in February and December. Precipitation (rain plus melted snow) adds up to 15 inches a year; May is the wettest month and January the driest. Rain or snow falls on about 91 days a year.
Rain + melted snow by month
Inches of water
Snowfall by month
Inches of snow
Heating and cooling a home in Columbus
97% of the work is heating, so the furnace matters far more than the air conditioner. Months averaging under 55° run from October through May.
Degree days add up how far each day’s average falls below (heating) or rises above (cooling) 65° over a year. NOAA normals at Columbus, MT.
Living with Columbus’ climate
What the numbers mean for a garden, a free afternoon and a bad-weather day.
108 frost-free days in zone 4b. The last frost comes by May 27 in half of years, so many gardeners wait a week or two past that to set out tomatoes. The first fall frost comes by Sep 14.
Months with highs of 62–84° and lows of 40° or more: June and September. 0.4 miles of trails are waiting.
Parks & trails →Of the yearly building losses FEMA expects in Columbus from natural hazards, river flooding is the largest share (66%); heat waves, cold waves, winter storms and ice storms together are 17%. Normals are averages; the hazards page covers the extremes.
Natural hazards →Columbus and similar climates
TownRatings has no climate map of the towns around Columbus yet.
Climates most like Columbus’, farther away
TownRatings’ own comparison of NOAA 1991–2020 normals, not a NOAA product: places of 5,000+ at least 150 miles away, one per state, closest on January low, July high, precipitation and snow.
| Town | Jan. low | July high | Precip. | Snow |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Columbus, MT | 13° | 87° | 15" | 48" |
| Gillette, WY | 13° | 86° | 16" | 56" |
| Glenwood Springs, CO | 14° | 87° | 15" | 39" |
| Box Elder, SD | 14° | 86° | 19" | 49" |
| Alliance, NE | 13° | 88° | 17" | 45" |
Temperatures and precipitation come from NOAA’s 5 km grid; snow and day counts from the stations named on this page.
Warmer than it used to be
The last 30 years in Columbus averaged 0.9° warmer than the 1900s. The biggest change is in January (+3.7°).
A smaller shift than in 81% of U.S. towns.
Change by month
The two periods overlap (1991–2000 is in both), which makes the gap a little smaller than it would be between separate periods.
How Columbus compares
Against 12,954 U.S. towns of 2,500 or more (one per 5 km climate cell), with Columbus’ place among Montana’s.
Columbus weather by month
Highs, lows and precipitation from NOAA’s grid at Columbus’ center; snow, wet days and snow on the ground from Columbus, MT. 1991–2020 normals.
| Month | High | Low | Rain + melt | Snow | Wet days | Snow on ground | 30-yr range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 37° | 13° | 0.5" | 7.0" | 5 | 20 | 15° – 36° |
| February | 40° | 16° | 0.6" | 8.8" | 6 | 12 | 9° – 38° |
| March | 50° | 23° | 0.9" | 7.7" | 7 | 7 | 25° – 44° |
| April | 58° | 30° | 1.8" | 4.5" | 10 | 1 | 38° – 48° |
| May | 67° | 39° | 2.6" | 0.5" | 12 | 0 | 48° – 58° |
| June | 77° | 47° | 2.2" | 0.0" | 11 | 0 | 57° – 67° |
| July | 87° | 53° | 1.2" | 0.0" | 9 | 0 | 61° – 75° |
| August | 85° | 51° | 0.9" | 0.0" | 7 | 0 | 63° – 73° |
| September | 75° | 42° | 1.3" | 0.2" | 6 | 0 | 55° – 65° |
| October | 60° | 32° | 1.4" | 3.8" | 7 | 2 | 37° – 52° |
| November | 47° | 22° | 0.7" | 5.9" | 5 | 6 | 25° – 43° |
| December | 37° | 14° | 0.6" | 9.2" | 6 | 16 | 15° – 34° |
| Year | 60° | 32° | 14.6" | 47.6" | 91 | 64 |
How much a month can swing
A normal is an average. February swings the most: from 1991 to 2020 its average ranged from 9° to 38°. August is the most reliable, staying within 9°.
Where Columbus’ numbers come from
Normals are 30-year averages, not a forecast. How TownRatings reads climate data →
- Temperatures and precipitation: NOAA’s gridded 1991–2020 normals for the 5 km cell at Columbus’ center.
- Snow: Columbus, MT (NOAA station in town).
- Frost, freezing nights, 90° and 100° days, heating and cooling: Columbus, MT, 1.1 miles from the town’s center, at about the same height; the nearest station that passes our checks for distance, height and agreement with the grid.
- Growing zone: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map, 2023. USDA Agricultural Research Service and PRISM Group, Oregon State University, prism.oregonstate.edu/phzm, accessed 8 Oct 2026.
- Then and now: NOAA’s gridded normals for 1901–2000 at the same cell.
- Storms and extremes: FEMA National Risk Index (expected annual losses to buildings).
Common questions about Columbus’ climate
What is the weather like in Columbus?
A typical July afternoon reaches 87°, a January night drops to 13°, and about 48 inches of snow falls in a normal winter. Colder January nights than 89% of U.S. towns; hotter July afternoons than 59% of U.S. towns.
How cold does it get in Columbus in winter?
January nights average 13°. About 183 nights a year reach 32° or below and 19 reach 0° or below. In the coldest January of the last 30 years the month averaged 15°.
How much snow does Columbus get?
About 48 inches in a normal winter at Columbus, MT, most of it in February and December, with snow on the ground about 64 days a year.
How hot does it get in Columbus?
July, with a typical high of 87° and a low of 53°. About 28 days a year reach 90° and 1 reach 100° (Columbus, MT).
When is the first and last frost in Columbus?
In half of years the last spring frost (32°) comes by May 27 and the first fall frost by September 14, about 108 frost-free days, at Columbus, MT.
What growing zone is Columbus in?
Zone 4b on the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map: the coldest night of a typical winter reaches about −22°.
What is the best time of year to visit Columbus?
By one simple rule (highs of 62–84° and lows of 40° or more), June and September. The rule is ours, not NOAA’s; the month table has the numbers to judge by.
Is Columbus getting warmer?
Yes: 1991–2020 averaged 1.0° warmer than 1901–2000 on NOAA’s grid. A smaller shift than 81% of U.S. towns.
Neighbors talk weather
Gardens, snow, and the best days of the year in Columbus.
Source: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991–2020 and 1901–2000; USDA/PRISM 2023 hardiness zones; FEMA National Risk Index. Today’s forecast: National Weather Service.