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AHistory
History · Danville

Danville dates to 1785, and 14% of its homes were built before 1940

More historic than 86% of U.S. towns · #16 of 142 in Kentucky. What drives it

53 places in town are on the National Register, among them 2 National Historic Landmarks and ten historic districts with 354 buildings between them. Below: 11 old photos and papers, maps from 1886 on, and the census since 1800.

1785founded
53on the National Register
14%homes built before 1940
11old photos & papers
23famous people
From Danville’s archive · credits on each photo
Quick answers

How Danville began

When was Danville founded?

1785

Danville dates its founding to 1785 (Wikidata). The census first counted it in 1800.

First census: 270 in 18002020 census: 17,234241 years

How historic is Danville?

A

More historic than 86% of U.S. towns, on its age, its old homes and the National Register.

What drives the grade ↓
Founding year: Wikidata. First post office: 1792.The full story ↓
History grade

What drives Danville’s History grade

On its age, its old homes and the National Register, Danville is more historic than 86% of U.S. towns, #16 of 142 in Kentucky. All 3 inputs are above most U.S. towns; its National Register listings ranks highest and its share of homes from before 1940 lowest.

A
HistoryA character grade: shown, never part of Danville’s overall grade.
All U.S. towns we grade (21,289)Ahead of 86%
NewerOlder
Kentucky towns of 2,500+ (142)Ahead of 89%

Kentucky towns list more on the Register than most of the country (a typical Kentucky town has 29.9 per 10,000 residents, the U.S. 2.4), so Danville’s 244 sits above most of its state (84% of Kentucky towns have fewer) while its 423 historic buildings outnumber those of 97% of U.S. towns.

NoteThe founding year comes from Wikidata alone; no second source gives 1785.
How sure. Graded on any two of the three inputs instead, the letter would range from B+ to A. The pre-1940 share (±2.4 points) is firm at this size.

Founding year: Wikidata (other dates in Quick answers). Homes: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register: National Park Service, May 2026 list; each listing counted once (boundary changes and added documentation belong to their listing), and a historic district counts its contributing buildings. How TownRatings grades history →

What stands out about Danville’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · On the National Register

53 listings protect 423 historic buildings

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving. 2 are National Historic Landmarks, the highest tier.

places listed
53
National Historic Landmarks
2
Dr. Ephraim McDowell House
historic buildings protected
423
each building in a district counts
first listed
1966
Dr. Ephraim McDowell House
All 53 listings
Three Gothic VillasDistrict · listed 1977Trinity Episcopal ChurchBuilding · listed 1977Crow-Barbee HouseBuilding · listed 1983Carnegie LibraryBuilding · listed 1986Danville Commercial DistrictDistrict · listed 1986East Main Street Historic DistrictDistrict · listed 1986First Presbyterian ChurchBuilding · listed 1986W. H. Haskins HouseBuilding · listed 1986Warehouse DistrictDistrict · listed 1986Lexington Avenue-Broadway Historic DistrictDistrict · listed 1987Maple Avenue DistrictDistrict · listed 1987St. Mildred's Court-West Lexington Avenue Historic Distric tDistrict · listed 1994Confederate Monument in DanvilleObject · listed 1997Danville National CemeterySite · listed 1998Terrace Court Historic DistrictDistrict · listed 2010Second Street Christian ChurchBuilding · listed 2013St. James AME ChurchBuilding · listed 2013Cambus-Kenneth EstateBuilding · listed 1977Spring Hill (Thomas Lillard House)Building · listed 1983Caldwell HouseBuilding · listed 1983Randolf Mock FarmBuilding · listed 1983William Crow HouseBuilding · listed 1983Pleasant ValeBuilding · listed 1984RoselawnBuilding · listed 1986MelroseBuilding · listed 1986Forest HillBuilding · listed 1989Peter Mason HouseBuilding · listed 1991Christopher Collins Moore FarmDistrict · listed 1994Gentry HouseBuilding · listed 1997Granite Hill FarmsteadBuilding · listed 1997Mary Simpson Oldham HouseBuilding · listed 1997T.B. Bright House and FarmsteadBuilding · listed 1997McFerran HouseBuilding · listed 1997Spears-Craig HouseBuilding · listed 1997Willis Grimes HouseBuilding · listed 1997Wilson's StationBuilding · listed 1997Dutch BarnBuilding · listed 1998Harrodsburg Pike Rural Historic DistrictDistrict · listed 1998Charles W. Caldwell HouseBuilding · listed 1999W. Logan Caldwell FarmsteadBuilding · listed 1999Goodall BuildingBuilding · listed 2014McGrorty Avenue-Old Wilderness Road Historic DistrictDistrict · listed 2019Thomas Barbee HouseBuilding · listed 2019The Norton Center for the ArtsBuilding · listed 2023Clemens-Caldwell HouseBuilding · listed 2026

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

People over time

Danville, census by census

02,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,00014,00016,00018,000180018501900195020004,962 in 1860Low: 2,542

Lost half of its people between 1860 and 1870, then grew 6-fold.

22 censuses, 1800–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Danville’s Wikipedia page.

The story

How Danville came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Danville.

Read it all →

It had the first U.S. post office west of the Allegheny Mountains.

Ephraim McDowell completed the first known successful laparotomy here in 1809, removing an ovarian tumor from a woman patient without anesthesia.

It is the home of Centre College, housing the oldest college administration building and campus west of the Allegheny Mountains.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

Timeline

Danville, 1785 to 2020

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 18th century
  2. 1785
    FoundingDanville is established
  3. 1792Born hereJames G. Birney is born here
  4. 1792Post officeThe Danville post office opens
  5. 19th century
  6. 1823BuiltJacobs Hall, Kentucky School for the Deaf is built
  7. 1841In the archiveJames Gillespie Birney
  8. 1853Born hereHugh L. Scott is born here
  9. 1880In the archive1940 Census Enumeration District Maps - Kentucky - Boyle County - Danville - ED 11-13, ED…
  10. 1899In the archiveCamp Dick Robinson
  11. 20th century
  12. 1900In the archiveHome and office of Dr. Ephran McDowell, father of American surgery - Danville, Ky
  13. 1937BuiltConstitution Square Historic District is built
  14. 1940In the archiveHistoric American Buildings Survey Lester Jones, Photographer May 30, 1940 ENTRANCE FROM …
  15. 1952On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  16. 1965Born hereJohn Michael Montgomery is born here
  17. 1965LandmarkDr. Ephraim McDowell House named a National Historic Landmark
  18. 1965LandmarkJacobs Hall, Kentucky School for the Deaf named a National Historic Landmark
  19. 1968Born hereScott Pruitt is born here
  20. 21st century
  21. 2020CensusPopulation peaks at 17,234
By decade

Danville, decade by decade

5 decades in the archive, from the 1840s to the 1940s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

On the map

Danville on the map, 1952 to 1979

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Danville. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Danville on the 1952 USGS mapDanville on the 1967 USGS mapDanville on the 1979 USGS map1952Danville sheet · 1:24,000

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Danville.

Every building

Danville, building by building, 1886–1914

Fire insurance maps drew every building, what it was made of and what it was used for, so insurers could price the risk of fire. Pick a year, then a sheet.

Danville fire insurance map, 1886, sheet 31886Sheet 3 of 6
Edition
BrickWoodStone

Sanborn Map Company, via the Library of Congress. Editions published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

Then & now

Stand where they stood

No then-and-now pairs yet. Take a photo from the same spot as an old one and they appear here side by side.

James Gillespie Birney
Retake this viewJames Gillespie Birney, 1841

Find the spot, match the angle, and add your photo. It becomes the first then-and-now pair on Danville’s page.

Retake this view · +15
Famous people

23 famous people were born in Danville

Writers, athletes, leaders and more, ranked by how widely they’re known.

See all →
Places that used to be

Old corners and burying grounds

Danville’s post office has been open since 1792.

Hamlets and corners on the map
Baughman HeightsBeverly HillsCaldwell ManorFishers StationGreen AcresHilldaleIndian HillsWest Danville
4cemeteries and burying grounds inside Danville
BellevueDanville NationalDanville NationalHilldale

US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock, CC0). Places and cemeteries from the USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

Help out

Finish Danville’s story

Most archives stop around 1920. The photos from after that are in family albums, not libraries.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
2 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Questions about Danville’s history

What year was Danville founded?

In 1785, according to Wikidata. Danville’s post office opened in 1792, and the census of 1800 counted 270 people here.

How does Danville rank for history?

Danville is more historic than 86% of U.S. towns, #16 of 142 in Kentucky. The History grade combines the town’s founding era, the share of homes built before 1940 and its National Register listings. It’s a character grade, so it isn’t part of the overall grade. How it works.

What is on the National Register in Danville?

53 listings, 2 of them National Historic Landmarks: 38 buildings, among them the Dr. Ephraim McDowell House (a National Historic Landmark since 1965), 13 historic districts with 354 contributing buildings, 1 site, and 1 object. 423 historic buildings in all.

How old are the homes in Danville?

14% of Danville’s homes were built before 1940 (Census estimate, ±2.4 points), against a typical 5.9% for a Kentucky town; the median home was built in 1975.

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

From Wikimedia Commons (10), the Library of Congress (1), Wikidata (1), the National Register of Historic Places (53), Wikipedia, Wikidata and Wikipedia for famous people, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock), the USGS Geographic Names Information System and Sanborn fire insurance maps (Library of Congress). Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.