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Howth - aerial - 2025-08-02 12Photo: 瑞丽江的河水 · CC BY-SA 4.0
–Not graded
Schools in and around Howth · Department of Education

Fewer of the schools around Howth are in DEIS than around Co. Dublin’s towns or Irish towns: 11%

On this, Howth is below both Co. Dublin’s towns (40%) and Irish towns (35%). In or within 3 km of Howth: 16 primary schools, 7 secondary schools and 4 special schools, 8,571 pupils in all. Nothing here grades or ranks these schools: Ireland publishes no results school by school, and the Education Act 1998 restricts comparing them.

Schools
27
in or within 3 km of Howth
5 inside the town itself
Pupils
8,571
+7% since 2019/20
Ireland: +5%
Teach through Irish
3 of 27
teach every subject through Irish
Ireland: 8%
DEIS
3 of 27
get extra support for disadvantaged areas
Ireland: 30%
School Grade
Not graded
no school results are published (Education Act 1998, s.53)

Schools in the town or within 3 km of its outline, Department of Education lists for 2025/26; the Ireland figures cover all schools listed.

What stands out · In brief

What stands out about Howth’s schools

One fee-paying secondary school

One secondary school within reach charges fees; the others are free. The fee-paying one: Sutton Park School (503). Every school ↓

A wide choice at twelve

Families here can choose among 23 post-primary schools within 10 km of the town, of more than one kind; each admits on its own published policy, so applying to more than one is common. The nearest: Sutton Park School (0.8 km), Santa Sabina Dominican College (1.6 km) and St. Fintan's High School (2.7 km). Post-primary choices ↓

Few schools in DEIS

DEIS, which gives schools in disadvantaged areas more teachers and money, includes just 3 of the 27 schools here, against 30% of schools across Ireland. In DEIS: Grange Community College (553), St Benedicts and St Marys National School (165) and Scoil Eoin (143). Who goes there ↓

From the Department of Education’s school lists: facts, not judgements of how well a school teaches.

Every school

The 27 schools in and around Howth

Here are the schools in Howth or within 3 km of it, every one with its own page. No letters and no results: Ireland publishes none school by school.

Secondary schools2 in Howth, 5 within 3 km
Primary schools3 in Howth, 13 within 3 km
St Fintans N.S.
Primary · Catholic
431 pupils−8% since 2019/20
Scoil Mhuire Mxd
Primary · Catholic
349 pupils−20% since 2019/20
Burrow N.S.
Primary · Church of Ireland
195 pupils−9% since 2019/20
St Laurence's National School
Primary · Catholic
413 pupils−11% since 2019/200.9 km outside the town
S.N. Muire agus Iosef
Primary · Catholic
396 pupils−8% since 2019/201.8 km outside the town
Mhuire Iosef Junior
Primary · Catholic
302 pupils−26% since 2019/201.8 km outside the town
Stapolin Educate Together National School
Primary · Multi-denominational
Special classes
340 pupils1.9 km outside the town
North Bay Educate Together NS
Primary · Multi-denominational
196 pupils−8% since 2019/202.3 km outside the town
Gaelscoil Mide
Primary · Catholic
Gaelscoil
218 pupils−9% since 2019/202.3 km outside the town
Gaelscoil Ghráinne Mhaol
Primary · Multi-denominational
Gaelscoil
84 pupils2.5 km outside the town
St Kevins Junior N.S.
Primary · Catholic
Special classes
149 pupils−24% since 2019/202.5 km outside the town
Scoil Eoin
Primary · Catholic
DEISSpecial classes
143 pupils+3% since 2019/202.5 km outside the town
Scoil Naomh Colmcille
Primary · Catholic
Special classes
217 pupils+0% since 2019/202.6 km outside the town
Holy Trinity Sen N.S.
Primary · Catholic
Special classes
397 pupils+4% since 2019/202.7 km outside the town
Scoil Bhride
Primary · Catholic
Special classes
365 pupils−11% since 2019/202.7 km outside the town
St Benedicts and St Marys National School
Primary · Catholic
DEISSpecial classes
165 pupils+17% since 2019/203 km outside the town
Special schools0 in Howth, 4 within 3 km
Map

Where the 27 schools in and around Howth are

Each school where the official list places it, shaded by who runs it and sized by pupils; squares are secondary schools, triangles special schools. The dashed shape is Howth’s outline; schools within 3 km of it count.

Belmayne Community Special School · Multi-denominational · 2 pupilsABACAS Kilbarrack · Multi-denominational · 54 pupilsSt Michaels House Special School · Multi-denominational · 56 pupilsSt Michael's House Special National School Foxfield · Multi-denominational · 61 pupilsGaelscoil Ghráinne Mhaol · Multi-denominational · 84 pupilsScoil Eoin · Catholic · 143 pupilsSt Kevins Junior N.S. · Catholic · 149 pupilsSt Benedicts and St Marys National School · Catholic · 165 pupilsBurrow N.S. · Church of Ireland · 195 pupilsNorth Bay Educate Together NS · Multi-denominational · 196 pupilsScoil Naomh Colmcille · Catholic · 217 pupilsGaelscoil Mide · Catholic · 218 pupilsSt Marys Secondary School · Catholic · 230 pupilsMhuire Iosef Junior · Catholic · 302 pupilsStapolin Educate Together National School · Multi-denominational · 340 pupilsScoil Mhuire Mxd · Catholic · 349 pupilsScoil Bhride · Catholic · 365 pupilsS.N. Muire agus Iosef · Catholic · 396 pupilsHoly Trinity Sen N.S. · Catholic · 397 pupilsSt Laurence's National School · Catholic · 413 pupilsSt Fintans N.S. · Catholic · 431 pupilsGaelcholáiste Reachrann · Inter-denominational · 453 pupilsSutton Park School · Church of Ireland · 503 pupilsGrange Community College · Inter-denominational · 553 pupilsSt. Fintan's High School · Catholic · 714 pupilsSanta Sabina Dominican College · Catholic · 754 pupilsPobalscoil Neasáin · Inter-denominational · 831 pupilsSt Marys SecondaryGaelcholáiste ReachrannSutton ParkSt. Fintan's HighSanta Sabina Dominican CollegePobalscoil Neasáin© OpenStreetMap contributors
PrimaryPost-primary (named)SpecialSize: pupilsCatholicChurch of Ireland and other ProtestantMulti- and inter-denominationalOther faiths

Places from the Department of Education’s school lists (its own coordinates for all but a handful); map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors.

Language

Teaching through Irish in and around Howth

How many schools teach through each language; the tick marks Ireland’s share.

All-Irish 311%
Partly in Irish 27%
English-medium 2281%

3 of Howth’s 27 schools teach every subject through Irish: Gaelscoil Mide, Gaelscoil Ghráinne Mhaol and Gaelcholáiste Reachrann.

Who goes there

Who Howth’s schools serve

The pupils at the area’s schools by share, beside Co. Dublin’s and Ireland’s, 2025/26

Pupils at DEIS schools10%
Pupils at all-Irish schools9%
Girls50%
Post-primary pupils at single-sex schools36%
Post-primary pupils at fee-paying schools12%

Each bar is the area’s share; the tick marks Ireland’s.

DEIS by stage: pupils at DEIS schools

Primary pupils7%
Post-primary pupils14%
Share of pupilsAround HowthCo. DublinIreland
Pupils at DEIS schools10%28%27%
Pupils at all-Irish schools9%6%6%
Girls50%49%49%
Post-primary pupils at single-sex schools36%38%29%
Post-primary pupils at fee-paying schools12%18%6%

DEIS schools teach 10% of the pupils around Howth, a smaller share than Ireland’s 27% (Co. Dublin: 28%). Set beside Ireland, post-primary pupils at single-sex schools stand out most: 36% against 29%. The largest DEIS school here is Grange Community College, with 553 pupils.

Each of the 27 schools
SchoolPupilsGirlsDEISAll-Irish
Santa Sabina Dominican CollegePost-primary · Voluntary secondary754100%
Sutton Park SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondary50349%
St Fintans N.S.Primary43150%
Scoil Mhuire MxdPrimary34950%
Burrow N.S.Primary19555%
St. Fintan's High SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondary7140%
St Marys Secondary SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondary23091%
Pobalscoil NeasáinPost-primary · Community school83143%
St Michaels House Special SchoolSpecial5629%
St Laurence's National SchoolPrimary41352%
S.N. Muire agus IosefPrimary39648%
Mhuire Iosef JuniorPrimary30249%
Stapolin Educate Together National SchoolPrimary34046%
North Bay Educate Together NSPrimary19651%
Gaelscoil MidePrimary21849%✓
Gaelscoil Ghráinne MhaolPrimary8467%✓
St Kevins Junior N.S.Primary14947%
Scoil EoinPrimary14350%✓
Gaelcholáiste ReachrannPost-primary · ETB45349%✓
ABACAS KilbarrackSpecial5422%
Grange Community CollegePost-primary · ETB55351%✓
Scoil Naomh ColmcillePrimary21739%
St Michael's House Special National School FoxfieldSpecial6121%
Holy Trinity Sen N.S.Primary39750%
Scoil BhridePrimary36550%
St Benedicts and St Marys National SchoolPrimary16545%✓
Belmayne Community Special SchoolSpecial2–

Department of Education school lists 2025/26 (preliminary): enrolments by sex and the DEIS list. Shares are of pupils, not of schools; a county’s are the schools listed with its towns.

Who runs them

Who runs Howth’s schools

Who runs each school, as listed for 2025/26; the bars give the share of schools of each kind.

15 of Howth’s 27 schools have a Catholic ethos, against 80% across Ireland. The patrons with most schools here: Archbishop of Dublin (12), St Michael's House (2) and Educate Together (2). 3 of the 27 are in DEIS, the extra support for schools in disadvantaged areas (30% across Ireland).

CatholicChurch of Ireland and other ProtestantMulti- and inter-denominationalOther faiths
Primary schools 16 schools75%
Secondary schools 7 schools43%
Special schools 4 schools0%
All of Howth’s schools 27 schools56%
Ireland 3,938 schools80%

Department of Education school lists: ethos 2025/26, patron 2024/25 (the 2025/26 lists don’t give it). DEIS list 2025/26.

Patrons

The 13 patrons of Howth’s schools

The patron owns the school and sets its ethos; a board of management runs it day to day.

Archbishop of Dublin is patron of 12 of the 27 schools around Howth, which teach 41% of their pupils; 13 patrons run them in all. 3 are ETB schools. Educate Together runs 2.

PatronEthosSchoolsPupils
Archbishop of DublinSt Fintans, St Laurence's, Holy Trinity Sen, S.N. Muire agus Iosef, Scoil Bhride, Scoil Mhuire Mxd, Mhuire Iosef Junior, Gaelscoil Mide, Scoil Naomh Colmcille, St Benedicts and St Marys, St Kevins Junior, Scoil EoinCatholic123,545
Dublin & Dún Laoghaire ETBGrange, Gaelcholáiste ReachrannInter-denominational21,006
Educate TogetherStapolin Educate Together, North Bay Educate Together NSMulti-denominational2536
St Michael's HouseSt Michael's House Special National School Foxfield, St Michaels House Special SchoolMulti-denominational2117
City of Dublin ETB & Congregation of Christian BrothersPobalscoil NeasáinInter-denominational1831
Le Chéile Schools TrustSanta Sabina Dominican CollegeCatholic1754
Edmund Rice Schools TrustSt. Fintan's High SchoolCatholic1714
Board of Governors of Sutton Park SchoolSutton Park SchoolChurch of Ireland1503
Religious Sisters of CharitySt MarysCatholic1230
Archbishop of Dublin & Bishop of Glendalough COIBurrowChurch of Ireland1195
An Foras PátrúnachtaGaelscoil Ghráinne MhaolMulti-denominational184
Irish Autism ActionABACAS KilbarrackMulti-denominational154
patron not listedBelmayne Community Special SchoolMulti-denominational12

Department of Education school lists: patron 2024/25, ethos 2025/26.

Getting a place

How children get a place in Howth

Starting primary school

Children can start primary school once they are four, and must be in school by six. Families apply to each school directly. Every school publishes an admission policy and a yearly admission notice; a school with more applicants than places admits on the criteria in its policy. Since the Education (Admission to Schools) Act 2018, a Catholic or other majority-faith primary school can’t put baptised children first; a school of a minority faith still can, to keep its ethos.

Moving to secondary school

Children move to post-primary school at about twelve, after sixth class. Again, families apply to each school, usually a year or more ahead, and an oversubscribed school admits on its published criteria, often brothers and sisters and its feeder primary schools. The fee-paying school here sets its own fees and admissions.

Education (Admission to Schools) Act 2018; each school’s admission policy and notice are on its own website.

Which schools are growing

Between 2019/20 and now, 5 of the 21 grew by 5% or more and 11 shrank as much, while Ireland’s pupil numbers moved +5%.

Grange+98%
Sutton Park School+36%
St Benedicts and St Marys+17%
Santa Sabina Dominican College+13%
Pobalscoil Neasáin+7%
Holy Trinity Sen+4%
Scoil Eoin+3%
Gaelcholáiste Reachrann+2%
St. Fintan's High School+1%
Scoil Naomh Colmcille+0%
All 21 schools
North Bay Educate Together NS−8%
S.N. Muire agus Iosef−8%
St Fintans−8%
Gaelscoil Mide−9%
Burrow−9%
Scoil Bhride−11%
St Laurence's−11%
St Marys−16%
Scoil Mhuire Mxd−20%
St Kevins Junior−24%
Mhuire Iosef Junior−26%

Department of Education enrolments at 30 September, 2019/20 and 2025/26 (preliminary). No capacity is published, so how full a school is can’t be shown.

Inspections

Inspection reports for Howth’s schools

Reports from the Department of Education’s Inspectorate, every school’s linked and none rated

Reports come from whole-school evaluations (teaching, learning, leadership and management), subject inspections and follow-through visits that check earlier advice; gov.ie publishes each one with the school’s response.

Reports say what inspectors found and what should improve, without an overall grade, so none appears here; each of the 27 schools below links its own.

SchoolReports on gov.ie
Santa Sabina Dominican CollegePost-primary · Voluntary secondaryInspection reports ↗
Sutton Park SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondaryInspection reports ↗
St Fintans N.S.PrimaryInspection reports ↗
Scoil Mhuire MxdPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Burrow N.S.PrimaryInspection reports ↗
St. Fintan's High SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondaryInspection reports ↗
St Marys Secondary SchoolPost-primary · Voluntary secondaryInspection reports ↗
Pobalscoil NeasáinPost-primary · Community schoolInspection reports ↗
St Michaels House Special SchoolSpecialInspection reports ↗
St Laurence's National SchoolPrimaryInspection reports ↗
S.N. Muire agus IosefPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Mhuire Iosef JuniorPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Stapolin Educate Together National SchoolPrimaryInspection reports ↗
North Bay Educate Together NSPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Gaelscoil MidePrimaryInspection reports ↗
Gaelscoil Ghráinne MhaolPrimaryInspection reports ↗
St Kevins Junior N.S.PrimaryInspection reports ↗
Scoil EoinPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Gaelcholáiste ReachrannPost-primary · ETBInspection reports ↗
ABACAS KilbarrackSpecialInspection reports ↗
Grange Community CollegePost-primary · ETBInspection reports ↗
Scoil Naomh ColmcillePrimaryInspection reports ↗
St Michael's House Special National School FoxfieldSpecialInspection reports ↗
Holy Trinity Sen N.S.PrimaryInspection reports ↗
Scoil BhridePrimaryInspection reports ↗
St Benedicts and St Marys National SchoolPrimaryInspection reports ↗
Belmayne Community Special SchoolSpecialInspection reports ↗

Department of Education Inspectorate reports on gov.ie, found by each school’s roll number.

Post-primary choices

Post-primary schools within reach of Howth

All post-primaries within 10 km; at about twelve, families choose and apply school by school

23 post-primary schools are within 10 km of Howth: 15 voluntary secondary schools, 4 community schools, 3 ETB schools and one comprehensive school. 9 of them are single-sex, 6 for girls and 3 for boys. One of them charges fees. Just one teaches every subject through Irish.

Within 10 km
23
post-primary schools; 7 in the area
Single-sex
9
of the 23 within reach
Nearest
0.8 km
Sutton Park School
SchoolTakesAlsoPupilsAway
Sutton Park SchoolVoluntary secondary · Church of IrelandGirls and boysFee-paying5030.8 km
Santa Sabina Dominican CollegeVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls–7541.6 km
St. Fintan's High SchoolVoluntary secondary · CatholicBoys–7142.7 km
Pobalscoil NeasáinCommunity school · Inter-denominationalGirls and boys–8313.6 km
St Marys Secondary SchoolVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls and boys–2303.6 km
Gaelcholáiste ReachrannETB · Inter-denominationalGirls and boysGaelcholáiste4535.5 km
Grange Community CollegeETB · Inter-denominationalGirls and boysDEIS5535.5 km
Árdscoil La SalleVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls and boysDEIS2895.9 km
Manor House SchoolVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls–6526 km
The Donahies Community SchoolCommunity school · Inter-denominationalGirls and boysDEIS4886.3 km
Belmayne Educate Together Secondary SchoolVoluntary secondary · Multi-denominationalGirls and boys–5956.4 km
Portmarnock Community SchoolCommunity school · Inter-denominationalGirls and boys–9557 km
All 23 post-primary schools within reach
SchoolTakesAlsoPupilsAway
St Pauls CollegeVoluntary secondary · CatholicBoys–6507.4 km
Mercy College CoolockVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirlsDEIS4027.8 km
Holy Faith Secondary SchoolVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls–6477.9 km
St Marys Secondary SchoolVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirlsDEIS3208 km
Malahide Community SchoolCommunity school · Inter-denominationalGirls and boys–1,2508.1 km
Chanel CollegeVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls and boysDEIS4518.2 km
Coolock Community CollegeETB · Multi-denominationalGirls and boysDEIS2058.9 km
St. David's CollegeVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirls and boysDEIS5509 km
Mount Temple Comprehensive SchoolComprehensive · Church of IrelandGirls and boys–9039.4 km
Árdscoil RísVoluntary secondary · CatholicBoys–5639.7 km
Our Lady Of Mercy CollegeVoluntary secondary · CatholicGirlsDEIS4079.9 km

Department of Education post-primary list 2025/26; straight-line distances from the town’s centre point.

Special needs

Special schools and classes around Howth

4 special schools serve the area: St Michaels House Special School, ABACAS Kilbarrack, St Michael's House Special National School Foxfield and Belmayne Community Special School, 173 pupils between them. 7 of the 16 primary schools have special classes for children who need more support. Their cards ↑

Special schools and primary schools with special classes as the Department lists them; the National Council for Special Education places pupils in special classes.

Towns its size

Howth beside the 96 other Irish towns of 5,700 to 11,100 people

Each town’s schools in or within 3 km, listed by population: Ireland publishes no results, so none is ranked

TownPeopleSchoolsPupilsAll-IrishDEIS schoolsNearest post-primary
Athy11,03572,975157%0.8 km
…
Grand Canal Dock8,32012132,703643%0.7 km
Cherry Orchard8,2807826,412454%1.2 km
Dalkey8,2754312,331128%0.9 km
Bandon8,196103,617110%0.4 km
Howth8,192278,571311%0.8 km
Ballybough8,18812634,469852%0.2 km
Thurles8,185103,787110%0.3 km
Clane8,15273,836014%0.7 km
Dubber7,9415415,781567%1.8 km
…
Portobello5,73211029,104746%0.4 km

Of these 96 other towns, 56 count more pupils at their schools than Howth. Within 3 km, 92 of these 97 towns have a school teaching through Irish.

Department of Education school lists 2025/26 (preliminary); CSO Census 2022 populations.

Pupils over time

Pupil numbers around Howth

Each September’s pupils at every school in or within 3 km of the town, counted where the school stands today.

The schools in and around Howth had 7,532 pupils in 2015/16 and 8,571 in 2025/26. St Michael's House Special National School Foxfield grew most: +144% since 2019/20.

Pupils at schools in and around Howth

03,0006,0009,0002015/162018/192021/222025/26Pupils

Department of Education enrolments at 30 September each year, 2015/16 to 2025/26 (preliminary), for every school placed in the area today; schools that have since closed or merged count where they stood.

Neighbours

Schools in the towns around Howth

Schools in or within 3 km of each neighbouring town; distances in a straight line.

SuttonBaldoyleRahenyClongriffinDonaghmedePortmarnockSuttonBaldoyleRahenyClongriffinDonaghmedePortmarnockHowth
TownSchoolsPupilsAll-IrishDEIS schoolsNearest post-primary
Howth278,571311%0.8 km
Sutton
3.7 km
5014,773430%0.4 km
Baldoyle
4.2 km
5316,574428%0.7 km
Raheny
5.2 km
7021,242434%0.9 km
Clongriffin
5.5 km
5315,799436%0.3 km
Donaghmede
5.6 km
7321,067438%0.3 km
Portmarnock
6.5 km
5318,370326%0.5 km

Sutton has the most schools teaching through Irish nearby: 4. Of Howth’s neighbours, Baldoyle saw the most growth in pupils since 2019/20 (+6%) and Donaghmede the least (+2%); Howth itself: +7%.

How to read these numbers

What this data can and can’t tell you

  • Which schools count. Every school in Howth or within 3 km of its outline, as the Department places it: families here use them. Schools further out are on the map of each school’s own page.
  • The kinds of school. Primary schools take children from junior infants to sixth class, about ages 4 to 12. Post-primary schools teach the Junior and Leaving Certificate, about ages 12 to 18: voluntary secondary schools (mostly with a religious patron), ETB schools and community colleges run by an Education and Training Board, and community and comprehensive schools. Special schools teach children with particular needs.
  • Teaching through Irish. All-Irish: every subject taught through Irish, in the Gaeltacht or, outside it, a Gaelscoil or Gaelcholáiste. Partly in Irish: an Irish stream (some classes entirely through Irish) or some subjects through Irish. Every other school teaches Irish as a subject.
  • DEIS. DEIS (Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools) gives schools serving disadvantaged areas more teachers, money and support; the Department decides which schools are in it.
  • Ethos and patron. Most Irish schools are owned by a patron, mostly a church; the patron sets the school’s ethos. Multi-denominational schools (Educate Together, many ETB schools) teach children of every faith and none together.
  • No grade. Section 53 of the Education Act 1998 lets the Minister refuse to release information that would allow schools’ exam results to be compared, and no results are published school by school. So Ireland’s schools have no letters and its towns no School Grade; nothing on this page ranks them.
  • What isn’t here. What the UK and French pages show from results, these can’t: results charts, results against pupils’ backgrounds and towns ranked by their schools (no published results), and how full each school is (no capacity is published). Every post-primary school teaches to the Leaving Certificate, so there is no sixth-form split to show.
  • Inspections. The Inspectorate’s reports are linked from each school’s page. They give no overall grade, so none is shown.
  • The year. The 2025/26 lists are the Department’s preliminary release; numbers can change a little in the final lists.

Questions about schools in Howth

How many schools are there in Howth?

In Howth or within 3 km of it: 16 primary schools, 7 secondary schools and 4 special schools, with 8,571 pupils between them.

Are there schools in Howth that teach through Irish?

Yes, 3: Gaelscoil Mide, Gaelscoil Ghráinne Mhaol and Gaelcholáiste Reachrann teach every subject through Irish.

Are there fee-paying secondary schools near Howth?

1 of the 7: Sutton Park School. The others are free.

What is the best school in Howth?

We don’t say. Ireland publishes no exam results school by school, and section 53 of the Education Act 1998 restricts comparing them; a ranking would rest on guesses. Each school’s page has its own facts and a link to its inspection reports, and visiting the schools you are weighing is still the best guide.

How do I get a place at a school in Howth?

Apply to each school directly: every school publishes an admission policy and a yearly admission notice with its dates. If it has more applicants than places, it admits on the criteria in its policy.

Sources: Department of Education, school lists 2025/26 (preliminary) and enrolments since 2015/16, CC BY 4.0 · one school placed with OpenStreetMap (© OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL). Under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0).

Contains Central Statistics Office (CSO) data, Census 2022, and Tailte Éireann boundaries (CSO Urban Areas, Small Areas, local electoral areas, constituencies), under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0).