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A−History
History · Madison

Madison’s post office opened in 1839, and 12% of its homes were built before 1940

More historic than 84% of U.S. towns · #13 of 638 in Florida. What drives it

8 places in town are on the National Register, among them a historic district with 13 buildings. Below: 6 old photos and papers, maps from 1884 on, and the census since 1860.

1839first post office
8on the National Register
12%homes built before 1940
6old photos & papers
9famous people
From Madison’s archive · credits on each photo
Quick answers

How Madison began

When was Madison founded?

1839

The Madison post office opened in 1839, the earliest record of the town by name.

First census: 423 in 18602020 census: 2,912187 years

How historic is Madison?

A−

More historic than 84% of U.S. towns, on its age, its old homes and the National Register.

What drives the grade ↓
Founding year: the first Madison post office (Blevins & Helbock, CC0).The full story ↓
History grade

What drives Madison’s History grade

On its age, its old homes and the National Register, Madison is more historic than 84% of U.S. towns, #13 of 638 in Florida. All 3 inputs are above most U.S. towns; its National Register listings ranks highest and its share of homes from before 1940 lowest.

A−
HistoryA character grade: shown, never part of Madison’s overall grade.
All U.S. towns we grade (21,289)Ahead of 84%
NewerOlder
Florida towns of 2,500+ (638)Ahead of 98%

Few Florida towns list much on the Register (a typical Florida town has 0.0 per 10,000 residents, the U.S. 2.4), so Madison’s 70.8 sits above most of its state (93% of Florida towns have fewer) while its 21 historic buildings outnumber those of 80% of U.S. towns.

How sure. Graded on any two of the three inputs instead, the letter would range from B+ to A. The pre-1940 share is a Census survey estimate (±7.0 points). The founding year is the first post office, not a stated founding date.

Founding year: the first post office (other dates in Quick answers). Homes: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register: National Park Service, May 2026 list; each listing counted once (boundary changes and added documentation belong to their listing), and a historic district counts its contributing buildings. How TownRatings grades history →

What stands out about Madison’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

★ What stands out · Every building

Madison, building by building, 1884–1924

Fire insurance maps drew every building, what it was made of and what it was used for, so insurers could price the risk of fire. Pick a year, then a sheet.

Madison fire insurance map, 1884, sheet 11884Sheet 1 of 1
Edition
Sheets
BrickWoodStone

Sanborn Map Company, via the Library of Congress. Editions published in 1930 or earlier, which are in the public domain.

On the National Register

8 historic places in Madison

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving.

places listed
8
National Historic Landmarks
0
none yet
historic buildings protected
21
each building in a district counts
first listed
1972
Wardlaw-Smith House
BuildingsDistricts

Architectural styles listings

Queen Anne2
Classical Revival1
Victorian1
Late Gothic Revival1
19th and 20th Century Revivals1
Colonial Revival1
All 8 listings

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

Timeline

Madison, 1839 to 1986

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 19th century
  2. 1839Post officeThe Madison post office opens
  3. 1852Born hereDannite H. Mays is born here
  4. 1880In the archiveView from cotton gin
  5. 1892BuiltW.T. Davis Building is built
  6. 1898In the archivePortrait of Kathryn Stuart Lines Thornton in her wedding dress
  7. 20th century
  8. 1900In the archiveWreck of Georgia and Florida
  9. 1902Born herePatterson Dial is born here
  10. 1940In the archiveFlorida [Hamilton County - Sarasota County (part)]
  11. 1959On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
  12. 1963Born hereJesse Solomon is born here
  13. 1986Born hereLeGarrette Blount is born here
The story

How Madison came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Madison.

Read it all →

The territory now known as Madison County was ruled at various times by Spain and The United States of America. This area was developed for cotton plantations dependent on the labor of enslaved African Americans. After the Civil War and emancipation, many freedmen and their descendants stayed in the region, working as sharecroppers or tenant farmers.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

By decade

Madison, decade by decade

4 decades in the archive, from the 1880s to the 1940s. Scroll each row; tap a photo for its story.

1910s–1930snothing yet
Nothing in the archives for these yearsWeddings on Main Street, storms, parades, school pictures, the old store. If it’s in your family album, it belongs here.
Add from your album
1950s–1990snothing yet
Nothing in the archives for these yearsWeddings on Main Street, storms, parades, school pictures, the old store. If it’s in your family album, it belongs here.
Add from your album
On the map

Madison on the map, 1959 to 1979

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Madison. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Madison on the 1959 USGS mapMadison on the 1979 USGS map1959Madison sheet · 1:24,000

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Madison.

Then & now

Stand where they stood

No then-and-now pairs yet. Take a photo from the same spot as an old one and they appear here side by side.

View from cotton gin
Retake this viewView from cotton gin, 1880

Find the spot, match the angle, and add your photo. It becomes the first then-and-now pair on Madison’s page.

Retake this view · +15
People over time

Madison, census by census

05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,5004,000190019502000Peak: 3,737

Between 423 and 3,737 people in every census since 1860.

17 censuses, 1860–2020.

U.S. Census Bureau decennial counts, from the census table on Madison’s Wikipedia page.

Famous people

9 famous people were born in Madison

Writers, athletes, leaders and more, ranked by how widely they’re known.

See all →
Help out

Finish Madison’s story

Most archives stop around 1920. The photos from after that are in family albums, not libraries.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
2 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.

Questions about Madison’s history

What year was Madison founded?

The Madison post office opened in 1839, the earliest record of the town by name (U.S. post office records).

How does Madison rank for history?

Madison is more historic than 84% of U.S. towns, #13 of 638 in Florida. The History grade combines the town’s founding era, the share of homes built before 1940 and its National Register listings. It’s a character grade, so it isn’t part of the overall grade. How it works.

What is on the National Register in Madison?

8 listings: 7 buildings, among them the Wardlaw-Smith House (listed 1972, the first), and 1 historic district, the Madison County Training School, with 13 contributing buildings. 21 historic buildings in all.

How old are the homes in Madison?

12% of Madison’s homes were built before 1940 (Census estimate, ±7.0 points), against a typical 0.6% for a Florida town; the median home was built in 1974.

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

From Wikimedia Commons (8), the Library of Congress (1), Wikidata (3), the National Register of Historic Places (8), Wikipedia, Wikidata and Wikipedia for famous people, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, U.S. Census counts (via Wikipedia), the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock), the USGS Geographic Names Information System and Sanborn fire insurance maps (Library of Congress). Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.