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22council seats
Town hall & politics · Quebec

Council seats in Québec are spread thin, 26,940 residents each, more than in 99% of Quebec municipalities

Montcalm sends one MP to Ottawa from Québec Centre, its riding (a federal electoral district, which elects one MP): Jean-Yves Duclos (Liberal Party of Canada). No riding is named for Montcalm: its city spreads over several, and the National Assembly of Québec’s boundary file carries non-commercial terms. Local government for Montcalm is Québec’s, with Bruno Marchand as mayor.

MP
Jean-Yves Duclos
Liberal Party of Canada · Québec Centre
Mayor
Bruno Marchand
elected 2 November 2025
Council seats
22
Québec
Next council election
4 November 2029
fixed by Québec law
Spending per resident, 2024
$3,668
from the council’s financial return
Turnout, 2021 federal
67%
Canada 63%
What stands out

What stands out in how Montcalm is governed

Many residents per seat

Across Quebec the median is one seat per 380 residents, well under the ratio on Québec council. Council size ↓

High spending per resident

In 2024, 89% of Québec’s local municipalities spent less per resident than Québec council. Council money ↓

Compared with the province’s municipalities of 1,000+ residents (2021 Census; MAMH, MMAH and Statistics Canada).

Who runs Montcalm

Three governments, and who does what

Montcalm is governed by Québec, with Quebec and Ottawa.

Québec

The city council decides local matters.

ville.quebec.qc.ca ↗
National Assembly of Québec

Schools, health care, highways, municipal law.

assnat.qc.ca ↗
House of Commons

Passports, pensions, EI, defence, immigration.

ourcommons.ca ↗

Who to ask

Bins and recyclingQuébec
Planning applicationsQuébec
Potholes, roads and streetlightsQuébec
Water, sewers and leaksQuébec
Parks and leisure centresQuébec
LibrariesQuébec
Fire safety visitsQuébec
Property tax billsQuébec
Schools and school placesQuebec
Hospitals, family doctors and careQuebec
Highways and driver’s licencesQuebec
Passports, EI and pensionsGovernment of Canada

Green: municipal. Gold: provincial. Grey: federal.

Québec belongs to no regional county municipality, but it is part of the Communauté métropolitaine de Québec.

Who represents Montcalm

From the council table to Ottawa

Every elected tier that speaks for Montcalm, from the most recent elections.

  1. 1
    Québec councilelected November 2025
    Bruno Marchand
  2. 2
    National Assembly of Québec–
  3. 3
    House of CommonsQuébec Centre

Party colours are neutral on purpose: they tell parties apart and aren’t the parties’ own. MPs: Wikidata (CC0), 45th Parliament statements, read 7 November 2026; ridings: 2023 Representation Order, Statistics Canada

Councillors

Who sits on Québec council

Everyone elected in 2025, seat by seat, with their team and votes.

Québec council
elected 2 November 2025
  • Bruno Marchand
  • Mélissa Coulombe-Leduc
  • Catherine Vallières-Roland
  • Elainie Lepage
  • Raymond Poirier
  • Marylou Boulianne
  • Clément Bourdeau
  • Maxime Elmaleh
Councillors (continued)
  • Catherine Deschamps
  • Marianne White
  • Gabriel Dusablon
  • Jean-Luc Lavoie
  • Yannick Fauteux
  • Claude Lavoie
  • Marie-Pierre Boucher
  • Raphaël Lebailly
Councillors (continued)
  • Mélanie Sauvé
  • Elisa Verreault
  • Éric Courtemanche Baril
  • Marc Roussin
  • Marie-Josée Asselin
  • Pascal Morneau
Re-elected
6
of 22 members
New to the council
16
Seats, largest team
19
Québec forte et fière
Québec forte et fièreRespect citoyens

22 members and how they were elected

NameSeatTeamVotesShareOn the last council
Bruno MarchandMayorQuébec forte et fière104,98949%Yes
Mélissa Coulombe-LeducCap-aux-Diamants districtQuébec forte et fière4,56158%Yes
Catherine Vallières-RolandMontcalm-Saint-Sacrement districtQuébec forte et fière7,00572%Yes
Elainie LepageSaint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtQuébec forte et fière3,68844%No
Raymond PoirierLimoilou districtQuébec forte et fière3,10743%No
Marylou BoulianneMaizerets-Lairet districtQuébec forte et fière2,47240%No
Clément BourdeauVanier-Duberger districtQuébec forte et fière4,06442%No
Maxime ElmalehNeufchâtel-Lebourgneuf districtQuébec forte et fière5,10645%No
Catherine DeschampsLes Saules-Les Méandres districtQuébec forte et fière4,37144%No
Marianne WhiteSaint-Louis-Sillery districtQuébec forte et fière8,20868%No
Gabriel DusablonLe Plateau districtQuébec forte et fière4,99061%No
Jean-Luc LavoieLa Pointe-de-Sainte-Foy districtQuébec forte et fière6,76667%No
Yannick FauteuxCap-Rouge-Laurentien districtQuébec forte et fière6,63553%No
Claude LavoieSaint-Rodrigue districtQuébec forte et fière3,86243%Yes
Marie-Pierre BoucherLouis-XIV districtQuébec forte et fière5,96548%Yes
Raphaël LebaillyLes Monts districtQuébec forte et fière4,27036%No
Mélanie SauvéSainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtRespect citoyens4,07939%No
Elisa VerreaultLa Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtQuébec forte et fière3,66533%No
Éric Courtemanche BarilRobert-Giffard districtQuébec forte et fière3,97539%No
Marc RoussinLac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtRespect citoyens4,37639%No
Marie-Josée AsselinLoretteville-Les Châtels districtQuébec forte et fière5,28048%Yes
Pascal MorneauVal-Bélair districtRespect citoyens4,42745%No

The mayor answers to all of Québec; every councillor represents a district. Only team candidates won, Québec forte et fière more than any other.

Every other candidate (100)
SeatCandidateTeamVotesShare
MayorStéphane LachanceRespect citoyens48,94923%
MayorSam HamadLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad29,22414%
MayorClaude VilleneuveQuébec d'abord15,8858%
MayorJackie SmithTransition Québec8,7594%
MayorAnne GuéretteParti du monde - Équipe Anne Guérette3,5702%
MayorClaudine MartineauIndependent5450%
MayorYves LabergeIndependent5120%
Cap-aux-Diamants districtMicha HorswillTransition Québec1,74422%
Cap-aux-Diamants districtVicky LépineLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad6268%
Cap-aux-Diamants districtArnaud LarueRespect citoyens5647%
Cap-aux-Diamants districtGuy BoivinQuébec d'abord3815%
Montcalm-Saint-Sacrement districtSandrine HélieTransition Québec9119%
Montcalm-Saint-Sacrement districtGabriel Richard-BrunetRespect citoyens8979%
Montcalm-Saint-Sacrement districtFélix BouffardQuébec d'abord7077%
Montcalm-Saint-Sacrement districtJean-François ArcandIndependent2162%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtMarjorie ChampagneTransition Québec2,17326%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtMélanie LerouxRespect citoyens1,10913%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtPascale HouleLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad5727%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtQuentin MaridatQuébec d'abord5306%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtNapoleon WooIndependent2543%
Saint-Roch-Saint-Sauveur districtPatrick KerrIndependent1051%
Limoilou districtEsperance Mfisimana (Colistière de Jackie Smith)Transition Québec2,06829%
Limoilou districtDoua Goué HippolyteRespect citoyens75411%
Limoilou districtVéronique ThiboutotLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad5067%
Limoilou districtSébastien MorierQuébec d'abord4096%
Limoilou districtJulien CardinalIndependent3565%
Maizerets-Lairet districtHélène Guillemette (Colistère de Claude Villeneuve)Québec d'abord1,06217%
Maizerets-Lairet districtKevin CaronRespect citoyens1,04417%
Maizerets-Lairet districtMartial Van NesteTransition Québec92515%
Maizerets-Lairet districtEric DuguayLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad58410%
Maizerets-Lairet districtSimon TardifIndependent831%
Vanier-Duberger districtHugo LangloisLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad2,14422%
Vanier-Duberger districtEric ThiboutotRespect citoyens2,11622%
Vanier-Duberger districtRosie-Anne Roussel VallièresQuébec d'abord1,06511%
Vanier-Duberger districtFrancis FontaineTransition Québec3514%
Neufchâtel-Lebourgneuf districtAnik LalancetteRespect citoyens2,75024%
Neufchâtel-Lebourgneuf districtEmilie RobitailleLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,96217%
Neufchâtel-Lebourgneuf districtAlexandre LaforgeQuébec d'abord1,32612%
Neufchâtel-Lebourgneuf districtLény PainchaudTransition Québec2172%
Les Saules-Les Méandres districtIsabelle DufourRespect citoyens2,37524%
Les Saules-Les Méandres districtPatrick PaquetLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,56716%
Les Saules-Les Méandres districtVéronique DallaireQuébec d'abord1,44514%
Les Saules-Les Méandres districtPierre-Luc FaucherTransition Québec2853%
Saint-Louis-Sillery districtJean-Stéphane BernardLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,53913%
Saint-Louis-Sillery districtFrançois LabrecqueRespect citoyens1,0669%
Saint-Louis-Sillery districtAndré-Pier BérubéQuébec d'abord7236%
Saint-Louis-Sillery districtRaffaël GilbertTransition Québec5144%
Le Plateau districtCatherine GagnéLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,20815%
Le Plateau districtEugenie Laure Tossea Epse LabonteRespect citoyens94012%
Le Plateau districtFélix L'Heureux-BilodeauTransition Québec5497%
Le Plateau districtMoustapha FayeQuébec d'abord4706%
La Pointe-de-Sainte-Foy districtÉric GuayRespect citoyens1,32113%
La Pointe-de-Sainte-Foy districtRobert FournierLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,11411%
La Pointe-de-Sainte-Foy districtMarie-Ève MartelTransition Québec5245%
La Pointe-de-Sainte-Foy districtFabio TétuQuébec d'abord4334%
Cap-Rouge-Laurentien districtLouis MartinLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad2,41819%
Cap-Rouge-Laurentien districtPhilippe MoussetteRespect citoyens2,10017%
Cap-Rouge-Laurentien districtAna-Rose ParadisQuébec d'abord6355%
Cap-Rouge-Laurentien districtFrédéric ImbeaultParti du monde - Équipe Anne Guérette4033%
Cap-Rouge-Laurentien districtAndrée-Anne TremblayTransition Québec3723%
Saint-Rodrigue districtManès WebsterRespect citoyens2,14324%
Saint-Rodrigue districtFrançois BeauléLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,47417%
Saint-Rodrigue districtDavid AudetQuébec d'abord1,00911%
Saint-Rodrigue districtOlivia LavoieTransition Québec4565%
Louis-XIV districtMarie-Jo Bégin-LétourneauRespect citoyens3,24526%
Louis-XIV districtDonald GagnonLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,83715%
Louis-XIV districtPier-Luc St-Pierre FortinQuébec d'abord1,1169%
Louis-XIV districtCharles LamontTransition Québec3743%
Les Monts districtEric Ralph MercierRespect citoyens4,10234%
Les Monts districtValérie SavardLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,99217%
Les Monts districtVincent TremblayQuébec d'abord1,19210%
Les Monts districtSamuel Moisan-DommTransition Québec4884%
Sainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtManouchka BlanchetQuébec forte et fière3,44133%
Sainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtJustine SavardLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,82717%
Sainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtDoni BerberiQuébec d'abord7817%
Sainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtPier-Yves ChampagneTransition Québec2873%
Sainte-Thérèse-de-Lisieux districtPatrice FortinIndependent1081%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtStevens MélançonLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad3,48832%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtJoey AubéRespect citoyens2,42722%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtMarie-Eve LeblondQuébec d'abord9919%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtPedro-Natanaël Bordon-RichardTransition Québec2622%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtMario Desjardins PelchatIndependent831%
La Chute-Montmorency-Seigneurial districtDominic TremblayIndependent671%
Robert-Giffard districtBenoit BourdeauRespect citoyens2,53025%
Robert-Giffard districtIsabelle RoyLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad2,21022%
Robert-Giffard districtSébastien Bouchard-ThébergeQuébec d'abord8999%
Robert-Giffard districtCamille Lambert-DeubelbeissTransition Québec5015%
Lac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtKonan Emma AmehoumQuébec forte et fière2,62123%
Lac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtJean GagnonLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,99618%
Lac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtSophie GosselinQuébec d'abord1,53214%
Lac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtSophie VerretIndependent4234%
Lac-Saint-Charles-Saint-Émile districtCarl GignacTransition Québec2562%
Loretteville-Les Châtels districtAnne-Laurence HarveyRespect citoyens2,98227%
Loretteville-Les Châtels districtJean CôtéLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,77816%
Loretteville-Les Châtels districtSylvie LefrançoisQuébec d'abord7297%
Loretteville-Les Châtels districtCatherine ProulxTransition Québec3323%
Val-Bélair districtBianca DussaultQuébec forte et fière3,05431%
Val-Bélair districtMégy GagnéLeadership Québec - Équipe Sam Hamad1,56616%
Val-Bélair districtKim BoydQuébec d'abord5766%
Val-Bélair districtSarah LesageTransition Québec2172%

Councils and results: Résultats des élections municipales générales de 2025, MAMH (CC BY 4.0)

How Montcalm voted

The 2025 race for mayor of Montcalm

Votes for each candidate for mayor in 2025.

Bruno Marchand104,989
Stéphane Lachance48,949
Sam Hamad29,224
Claude Villeneuve15,885
Jackie Smith8,759
Anne Guérette3,570
Claudine Martineau545
Yves Laberge512

The outgoing mayor, Bruno Marchand, was re-elected. Stéphane Lachance finished 56,040 votes behind Bruno Marchand, who took 49% in the race for mayor. Turnout for mayor reached 51%, more than the 51% typical of a contested race for mayor in Québec.

How Montcalm voted: same source as Councillors, above.

Elections

When Montcalm votes

The last and next general elections at each level; a by-election can come in between.

ElectionLastNext
Québec council2 November 20254 November 2029
National Assembly of Québec5 October 2026–
House of Commons28 April 2025–

The last general elections came on 5 October 2026 for the National Assembly of Québec and on 28 April 2025 for Parliament. Councils are elected on the first Sunday in November every four years, says the Act respecting elections and referendums in municipalities, so Québec votes next on 4 November 2029. No open copy of the 2025 counts exists, and Elections Canada’s own terms rule out commercial reuse, so 2021 is the last vote shown.

Election dates: the legislatures, MMAH and MAMH

National Assembly of Québec

The National Assembly of Québec: riding not placed

Provinces and territories run schools, health care and municipal law; each riding elects one MNA.

National Assembly of Québec

Find your MNA on the legislature’s site

assnat.qc.ca ↗

Legislatures: their own member pages

Member of Parliament

Jean-Yves Duclos represents Québec Centre in Ottawa

Each riding elects one MP to the House of Commons; the general election of 28 April 2025 chose the 45th Parliament.

Jean-Yves Duclos

Québec Centre · Liberal Party of Canada · first elected 2015

en.wikipedia.org ↗
78 seatsQuebecHouse of Commons
Liberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaLiberal Party of CanadaBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisBloc QuébécoisConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaConservative Party of CanadaNew Democratic Party78seats
  • Liberal Party of Canada44
  • Bloc Québécois22
  • Conservative Party of Canada11
  • New Democratic Party1

As Wikidata records them.

The Liberal Party of Canada holds 44 of 78 seats from Quebec, including Jean-Yves Duclos’s.

The MP’s record

Jean-Yves Duclos was first elected in 2015; the current Parliament is Jean-Yves Duclos’ 4th. Mapped onto today’s Québec Centre, the 2021 vote gives the Liberal Party of Canada 36%; in 2025 Jean-Yves Duclos kept the seat in the same hands. Wikidata records Jean-Yves Duclos as Minister of Health (2021–2023), President of the Treasury Board (2019–2021) and Minister of Families, Children and Social Development (2015–2019).

MPs: Wikidata (CC0), 45th Parliament statements, read 7 November 2026; ridings: 2023 Representation Order, Statistics Canada · MPs’ records: Wikidata (CC0), positions held and party memberships, read 8 November 2026

How Montcalm has voted

Jean-Yves Duclos kept Québec for the Liberal Party of Canada in 2021

Before the 2023 redistribution, Montcalm voted in Québec; these are its 2019 and 2021 results, and Québec Centre is its riding today.

Party20212019
Liberal Party of Canada35.4%33.3%
Bloc Québécois29.0%32.7%
Conservative Party of Canada18.1%15.0%
New Democratic Party13.0%11.5%
Green Party of Canada2.3%5.4%
People's Party of Canada1.7%1.2%

Québec elected Jean-Yves Duclos (Liberal Party of Canada) in 2021: 35% of the vote, a lead of 3,308 over Louis Sansfaçon (Bloc Québécois). The 2019 result had favoured Jean-Yves Duclos as well, at 33%. 67% of electors in Québec voted in 2021, above the 63% turnout across Canada.

All 7 candidates in Québec, 2021
CandidatePartyVotesShare
Jean-Yves DuclosLiberal Party of Canada18,13235.4%
Louis SansfaçonBloc Québécois14,82429.0%
Bianca BoutinConservative Party of Canada9,23918.1%
Tommy BureauNew Democratic Party6,65213.0%
Patrick KerrGreen Party of Canada1,1822.3%
Daniel BrissonPeople's Party of Canada8551.7%
Karine SimardFree Party Canada3070.6%

Federal results: Elections Canada, 43rd and 44th general elections and the 44th’s transposition to the 2023 ridings, via open.canada.ca. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada

Council money

Québec council spends more per resident than most

The 2024 financial return: spending by service and revenue by source, per resident, compared only with Québec’s local municipalities.

Spending, 2024
$2.1 billion
$3,668 per resident
Long-term debt
$2.4 billion
$4,190 per resident
Reserves and reserve funds
$406.7M
$708 per resident

Spending per resident by service, 2024

Roads and transit$1,141
Water, sewers and waste$674
Police, fire and protection$519
Recreation and culture$437
Planning and development$325
General government$269
Financing costs$159
Social services and child care$145

What pays for it

SourceQuébecProvince
Property taxes and payments in lieu65%63%
Other revenue, fees included20%28%
Grants from governments15%9%

Shares of revenue, town and province.

No service costs more than roads and transit, at $1,141 per resident and 31% of the total. Pay and benefits made up 40% of spending. In 2024 the median among Québec’s local municipalities was $2,394 a resident; Québec council spent $3,668. Debt Québec council owes over the long term came to $2.4 billion, $4,190 a resident, higher than the median of $2,461. Taxes on property make up 65% of what comes in, more than the province-wide 63%.

Every service line, 2024
Service2024Per residentShare
Roads and transit$655.3M$1,14131%
Water, sewers and waste$387M$67418%
Police, fire and protection$298M$51914%
Recreation and culture$251M$43712%
Planning and development$186.9M$3259%
General government$154.6M$2697%
Financing costs$91.5M$1594%
Social services and child care$83.1M$1454%

Money: rapport financier and profil financier 2024, ministère des Affaires municipales et de l’Habitation (CC BY 4.0)

Council size

Québec council beside its neighbours

Residents (2021 Census) per council seat, head of council included, beside nearby municipalities; the tick is the provincial median.

Québec26,940

Beside its neighbours, Québec council is the bar in colour; the headline above has the comparison with the province.

Residents: 2021 Census; seats: the province’s council list

Get involved

Having a say in how Montcalm is run

Register to vote

Check or update the federal list.

elections.ca ↗
Contact your MP

Every MP lists an office.

ourcommons.ca ↗
Provincial elections

Ridings, registration and voting dates.

electionsquebec.qc.ca ↗
Your municipality

Council meetings, agendas and services.

ville.quebec.qc.ca ↗
How to read these numbers

What this data can and can’t tell you

  • Which riding. A riding is listed when 5% or more of the place’s 2021 Census residents live in it; the largest share comes first.
  • Election results. Elections Canada redrew the ridings in 2023 and re-tallied the 2021 ballots onto the new map from polling divisions; that estimate, and the official 2019 and 2021 counts on the old map, are what you see.
  • Not on this page. Band councils, and what members did once elected: the open record stops at the vote.
  • Who holds each seat. Each MP’s name and party are Wikidata’s statements for the 45th Parliament, read in November 2026.
  • Council money. Spending by service comes from MAMH’s consolidated 2024 financial report, revenue, debt and reserves from its financial profile, all per resident on MAMH’s population.
  • Council size. Every seat counts, the head of council’s too, against the population of the 2021 Census.

Questions about how Montcalm is run

Who is the MP for Montcalm?

Québec Centre’s MP, Jean-Yves Duclos of the Liberal Party of Canada, represents Montcalm.

Which party won Montcalm in the 2021 federal election?

The Liberal Party of Canada: Jean-Yves Duclos won Québec in 2021 and is the MP for today’s Québec Centre.

Who is the MNA for Montcalm?

The National Assembly of Québec lists each MNA with the riding they hold; this page can’t place Montcalm in one.

Who heads the council in Québec?

Québec council is led by Bruno Marchand, its mayor.

How much does Québec council spend?

The 2024 return of Québec council shows $2.1 billion of spending for roughly 574,482 residents, $655.3M of it on roads and transit.

How is Québec council elected?

Québec council: the mayor is chosen at large, each councillor by a district.

Sources: MPs: Wikidata (CC0), 45th Parliament statements, read 7 November 2026; ridings: 2023 Representation Order, Statistics Canada · Councils: Répertoire des municipalités du Québec, MAMH (CC BY 4.0) · Money: rapport financier and profil financier 2024, ministère des Affaires municipales et de l’Habitation (CC BY 4.0) · Councils and results: Résultats des élections municipales générales de 2025, MAMH (CC BY 4.0) · Next municipal election: the province’s municipal election act · Municipality types: Statistics Canada census subdivisions · Federal results: Elections Canada, 43rd and 44th general elections and the 44th’s transposition to the 2023 ridings, via open.canada.ca. Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada · MPs’ records: Wikidata (CC0), positions held and party memberships, read 8 November 2026. Under the Statistics Canada Open Licence.

Adapted from Statistics Canada (Census of Population 2021, population estimates 2025, 2021 census boundaries) under the Statistics Canada Open Licence; this does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada. Neighbourhood names in some cities © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL).