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History · Caledonia Township

Caledonia Township’s post office opened in 1875, and 84% of its homes were built before 1940

Its Register listing is the Caledonia Bridge. Below: maps from 1918 on.

1875first post office
1on the National Register
84%homes built before 1940
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Quick answers

How Caledonia Township began

When was Caledonia Township founded?

1875

The Caledonia Township post office opened in 1875, the earliest record of the town by name. Another post office, Goose River (1871), opened inside today’s town and later closed.

2020 census: 114151 years
Founding year: the first Caledonia Township post office (Blevins & Helbock, CC0).The full story ↓

What stands out about Caledonia Township’s past

Read from the archive, the National Register and the record. The page puts what stands out first.

A history waiting to be writtenNo old photos of Caledonia Township are in the public archives yet. The rest are in attics and albums.Old housesHalf of Caledonia Township’s homes were built before 1938.On the map since 19183 editions of the USGS map, 1918 to 1984. Watch Caledonia Township change.
★ What stands out · Help out

Start Caledonia Township’s collection

The first neighbors to add old photos shape how Caledonia Township’s history is told.

Decades since 1900 with photos
00s10s20s30s40s50s60s70s80s90s
0 of 10 decades. The empty ones are waiting for someone’s album.
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The story

How Caledonia Township came to be

From Wikipedia’s history of Caledonia Township.

Read it all →

First called Goose River, the community was established as a post for the Hudson's Bay Company steamships which operated on the Red River of the North. Caledonia became an early boom town in the Red River Valley and also became a post for a stagecoach line which lead north to Fort Garry — now called Winnipeg. Upon the creation of Traill County in 1875, Caledonia was designated as the county seat. However, in that same year, the Hudson's Bay Company closed their U.S. posts including the one at Caledonia.

Text from Wikipedia, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

On the map

Caledonia Township on the map, 1918 to 1984

Every edition of the U.S. Geological Survey’s map of Caledonia Township. Tap a year, or press play to watch the town change.

Caledonia Township on the 1918 USGS mapCaledonia Township on the 1964 USGS mapCaledonia Township on the 1984 USGS map1918Hendrum sheet · 1:62,500

U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (public domain), via Esri’s collection of the scans. The red ring marks the center of Caledonia Township.

Timeline

Caledonia Township, 1871 to 1918

Woven from the archive, old maps, post office records, the National Register and the people born here.

  1. 19th century
  2. 1871Post officeThe Goose River post office opens
  3. 1875Post officeThe Goose River post office closes
  4. 1875Post officeThe Caledonia post office opens
  5. 20th century
  6. 1918On the mapFirst mapped by the U.S. Geological Survey
By decade

Caledonia Township, decade by decade

Today26 recent
Goose River in2007Goose River inCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota sign2007Caledonia, North Dakota signCaledonia, North Dakota postal contract station2007Caledonia, North Dakota postal contract stationCaledonia, North Dakota postal contract station 22007Caledonia, North Dakota postal contract station 2Caledonia, North Dakota cemetery2007Caledonia, North Dakota cemeteryCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North DakotaCaledonia, North Dakota2007Caledonia, North Dakota
On the National Register

1 historic place in Caledonia Township

The country’s official list of buildings and places worth saving.

place listed
1
National Historic Landmarks
0
none yet
historic buildings protected
1
each building in a district counts
first listed
1997
Caledonia Bridge
Caledonia Bridge
Structures

Architectural styles listings

Pratt through truss bridge1
Caledonia BridgePratt through truss bridge

National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places. Photos from Wikimedia Commons, credited on each place’s page.

Famous people

Famous people close to Caledonia Township

Nobody well known was born in Caledonia Township itself, so here are the best known from just nearby.

See all →
C
Clyfford StillAmerican artist · b. 1904
L
Lila Morris O'NealeAmerican cultural anthropologist · b. 1886
B
Brent VigenAmerican football coach · b. 1975
C
Carol A. NiemeierAmerican politician · b. 1934
G
George R. WickerAmerican politician · b. 1877
Tony BrottemAmerican baseball player · b. 1891
Places that used to be

Lost post offices, old corners and burying grounds

Another post office, Goose River, opened and closed inside today’s town.

Goose River
1871–1875
Caledonia
1875–today
18701950today
Hamlets and corners on the map
Caledonia
2cemeteries and burying grounds inside Caledonia Township
CaledoniaTraill County Poor Farm

US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock, CC0). Places and cemeteries from the USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021).

Stories next door

History across the town line

Each neighbor’s History grade, on the same three inputs.

Bingham TownshipIts storynot graded: under 1,000 residents or part of its townHerberg TownshipIts storynot graded: under 1,000 residents or part of its townEldorado TownshipIts storynot graded: under 1,000 residents or part of its town

Questions about Caledonia Township’s history

What year was Caledonia Township founded?

The Caledonia Township post office opened in 1875, the earliest record of the town by name (U.S. post office records).

What is on the National Register in Caledonia Township?

One place: the Caledonia Bridge (listed 1997).

Memory lane

What the archives can’t tell you, neighbors can.

Town Square →
Start a conversation
Sources

Where this page comes from

Founding dates: Wikidata, Wikipedia, the U.S. post office records of Blevins & Helbock (CC0) and the Census. Homes by year built: Census ACS 2020–24. National Register of Historic Places: National Park Service (list of May 22, 2026). Old photos, postcards and papers: Wikimedia Commons, the Library of Congress and other public archives, credited on each item’s page. Maps: U.S. Geological Survey historical topographic maps (via Esri) and Sanborn fire-insurance maps (Library of Congress). History text and census tables: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Places that used to be: USGS Geographic Names Information System (2021). How TownRatings grades history →

From Wikimedia Commons (26), the National Register of Historic Places (1), Wikipedia, U.S. Geological Survey historical maps, the US Post Offices dataset (Blevins & Helbock) and the USGS Geographic Names Information System. Archive images are copied here with their credits and licenses, shown on each photo’s page. Refreshed monthly.