Photo: Popolon · CC BY-SA 3.036% of households are couples with children, a share 94% of compared French towns don’t reach
The share of households in social housing trails 84% of compared French towns: 5.5%. 5.8% of households are headed by a manager or professional, or about one in 17. Compared with other places, empty homes are scarce here: 4.4%, fewer than in 83% of compared French towns. Census day 2023: 4,560 residents and 1,710 households in Le Thillay.
Throughout this page, the Val-d'Oise median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Le Thillay
Immigrants
INSEE counts 1,000 immigrants in Le Thillay (people born abroad who weren’t French at birth, whatever their nationality now): 23% of residents, against 16% for the median compared commune in Val-d'Oise. 15% are foreign nationals. Immigrants and foreign nationals ↓
A town of families
36% of households are couples with children and 15% single parents with children; 20% of residents are under 15. Households ↓
A young town
Half of Le Thillay’s residents are under 38.5 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 20% are under 15 and 16% are 65 or older. Ages ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
Since 2012, Le Thillay has grown +10%, faster than 71% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
Over the same years the median compared French town changed +5%, the median Val-d'Oise town +8%.
A median age of 38.5: Le Thillay is younger than 86% of compared French towns
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Le Thillay 38.5. The median compared French town: 44.
Residents aged 15 to 24 make up 12%, against 11% in the typical compared French town. The census found that 16% of residents are 65 or over in Le Thillay.
Women and men · all residents
51% women, 49% men
About an even split. Median share of women: Val-d'Oise 51.5%, France 51.8%.
Le Thillay ranks below 97% of compared French towns on one-person households: 23%
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Val-d'Oise median and the France median
Living alone · share
By its share of single-parent households (15%), Le Thillay is above 96% of compared French towns. One-person households make up 35% in the typical compared French town. Households here average 2.7 people each.
Flats make up 27% in Le Thillay, less than in 56% of compared French towns
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
Long tenure is the mark of 25% of households (30 years or more), short tenure of 6.9% (under two years). At 1.3%, the share of second homes is lower than in 69% of compared French towns. Households without a car are about as common here as in the typical compared French town, at 11%.
Median living standard: €25,080 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
Half of residents live in households above €25,080 a year per consumption unit and half below; the level is lower than in 59% of compared French towns. The share living below the poverty line is 19.0%.
Fewer households headed by a retired person than 80% of compared French towns: 26%
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Across Le Thillay, 15% of households are headed by a manual worker. 5.8% of the town’s households are headed by a manager or professional, against 9.4% in the median compared French town; 26% by a retired person (32%).
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
Le Thillay ranks above 95% of compared French towns on immigrants: 23%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
Set against 4.3% in the typical compared French town, 15% of residents are foreign nationals in Le Thillay. The median compared commune in Val-d'Oise has 16%; immigrants here make up a share higher than in 95% of compared French towns. The benchmark for immigrants in the typical compared French town: 6.5%.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
Married residents make up 53% in Le Thillay, more than in 97% of compared French towns
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
27% of residents 15 and over are single, against 25% in the typical compared French town. Married residents: 43% in the typical compared French town, for comparison.
Le Thillay sits above 74% of compared French towns for adults with no qualification (24%)
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
In the typical compared French town, the share of graduates of higher education is 30%; Le Thillay has 24%. For comparison, nearly a fifth of adults out of school have no qualification in the typical compared French town.
Of 41 French towns its size (4,512 to 4,610 people), the 3rd youngest
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
Crespin is the youngest (37.1); Leucate the oldest (63).
Le Thillay is older than every town around it
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
| Town | Median age | 65+ | Second homes | Immigrants |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Le Thillay | 38.5 | 16% | 1.3% | 23% |
| Goussainville 31,301 · 1.9 mi | 34.4 | 12% | 3.3% | 34% |
| Gonesse 27,707 · 2 mi | 35 | 13% | 0.9% | 29% |
| Roissy-en-France 2,674 · 2 mi | 34 | 11% | 8.4% | 16% |
| Arnouville 15,023 · 2.7 mi | 35.3 | 14% | 1% | 33% |
| Villiers-le-Bel 30,053 · 3.2 mi | 32.3 | 10% | 0.7% | 36% |
| Louvres 12,560 · 3.2 mi | 35.8 | 12% | 1% | 21% |
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Le Thillay
What is the population of Le Thillay?
4,560 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 10% more than in 2012 (4,130).
How old are Le Thillay’s residents?
The median age is 38.5, younger than 86% of compared French towns. 24% are under 18 and 16% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Le Thillay?
24, with occasional dwellings: 1.3% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Le Thillay?
INSEE counts 1,040 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 23% of residents, and 700 foreign nationals (15%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Le Thillay?
€25,080 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970); 19.0% of residents live below the poverty line. Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.