Born here
369
confirmed by Wikipedia
Best known
Honoré de Balzac
176 Wikipedia and sister-site articles
First
1026
Guillaume Firmat
Youngest
2004
Thibaud Gruel
Most common field
Writing & Arts
114 people
What stands out about Tours’ famous people ★ What stands out · The best known Born in Tours Two of the three are writers and artists.
#1 Writing & Arts Honoré de Balzac 1799–1850 French novelist and playwright (1799–1850)
#2 Writing & Arts Alain de Benoist born 1943 French political theorist
#3 Science & Medicine Gabriel Lamé 1795–1870 French mathematician and physicist (1795-1870)
Through the years When Tours’ famous people were born Births peak in the 1960s, with 41 people born in that decade.
Ancien Régime 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 Bernard Lama Alain de Benoist Writing & Arts Sports Politics & Law Film, TV & Stage Science & Medicine Notable Music Faith Business Military
Each dot is a person, stacked by the decade they were born.
Known for What Tours is known for No other field is as far above the usual share as business people, at 1.5 times.
Writing & Arts 114 people 31%about usual Sports 66 people 18%about usual Politics & Law 66 people 18%about usual Film, TV & Stage 31 people 8%about usual Science & Medicine 30 people 8%about usual Notable 19 people 5% Music 18 people 5%about usual Faith 9 people 2%about usual Business 9 people 2%1.5× usual Military 7 people 2%below usual The usual town: the share across everyone listed in French towns. Tap a field to see its people.
Everyone Everyone else born in Tours 366 more; the 197 best known are listed here.
All · 197 Politics & Law · 26 Military · 3 Sports · 51 Music · 11 Film, TV & Stage · 14 Writing & Arts · 60 Science & Medicine · 17 Business · 2 Faith · 6 Notable · 7
Any time Ancien Régime · 21 Revolution to Empire · 30 Belle Époque · 23 The 20th century · 63 Today · 60
Bernard Lama born 1963 French footballer (born 1963)
Abdou Diallo born 1996 French-Senegalese footballer (born 1996)
Yves Bonnefoy 1923–2016 French poet, essayist, translator (1923–2016)
Paul Nizan 1905–1940 French philosopher, politician, writer (1905-1940)
Catherine Colonna born 1956 French diplomat and politician
JV Jacques Villeret 1951–2005 French actor (1951-2005)
Yolande de France 1434–1478 Duchess of Savoy
JC Jean Carmet 1920–1994 French actor (1920-1994)
Madeleine de France 1443–1495 Regent of the Kingdom of Navarre, French princess, Princess of Viana (1443-1495)
Armand Trousseau 1801–1867 French physician (1801-1867)
LM Laurent Mauvignier born 1967 French author (born 1967)
Marie de l’Incarnation 1599–1672 French foundress of the Ursuline Monastery in Quebec
Robert Baldwin Ross 1869–1918 Canadian journalist and art critic (1869-1918)
Cyril Lemoine born 1983 Road bicycle racer
Jérémy Roy born 1983 Road bicycle racer
Laurent Mekies born 1977 French engineer
SD Sofiane Diop born 2000 Moroccan footballer (born 2000)
Ernest Goüin 1815–1885 French engineer and businessman (1815–1885)
Guillaume Briçonnet 1445–1514 Catholic cardinal (1445-1514)
Pascal Hervé 1964–2024 French racing cyclist (1964–2024)
PL Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe 1940–2007 French philosopher, literary critic, and translator (1940-2007)
Félix Dujardin 1801–1860 French biologist (1801–1860)
Josselin Ouanna born 1986 French tennis player
Victor Laloux 1850–1937 French architect (1850–1937)
JB Jean Bourdichon 1457–1521 French miniature painter and manuscript illuminator (1457-1521)
Mathilde Panot born 1989 French politician (born 1989)
Louis Dutens 1730–1812 French historian (1730-1812)
Maurice Couette 1858–1943 French physicist known for his studies of fluidity (1858–1943)
CP Catherine Poirot born 1963 French swimmer
JH Jean-François Hernández born 1969 French association football player
Jean-Sébastien Jaurès born 1977 French footballer
MM Maamar Mamouni born 1976 Algerian and French footballer
Olivier de Germay born 1960 French archbishop
ÉS Élisabeth Sonrel 1874–1953 French artist (1874-1953)
Didier Migaud born 1952 French politician
FL Félix Lemaréchal born 2003 Ivorian and French footballer
ID Ibrahima Diallo born 1999 French association football player
PG Paul Guers 1927–2016 French actor (1927–2016)
Paul Viollet 1840–1914 French historian (1840–1914)
René Rapin 1620–1687 French writer (1621-1687)
Dominique Bussereau born 1952 French politician
Thom Gicquel born 1999 French badminton player
Xavier Gravelaine born 1968 French footballer (born 1968)
Ben l'Oncle Soul born 1984 French soul singer, songwriter and composer
Blanche Montel 1902–1998 French actress
François Sicard 1862–1934 Sculptor from France (1862–1934)
Jean Germain 1947–2015 French politician (1947–2015)
YT Yohan Tavares born 1988 French and Portuguese footballer
BB Bruno Baronchelli born 1957 French footballer
CM Christian de La Mazière 1922–2006 French journalist (1922–2006)
FR Franck Rabarivony born 1970 French and Malagasy footballer
JN Jonathan Nanizayamo born 1992 Burundian, DR Congolese and French footballer
Luz born 1972 French cartoonist
ML Michèle Lesbre born 1939 French writer
AG André-Michel Guerry 1802–1866 French lawyer and statistician (1802-1866)
BP Boris Popovic born 2000 Serbian and French association football player
Harry Roselmack born 1973 French journalist, screenwriter and film director (born 1973)
JB Jean Bretonnière 1924–2001 French actor and singer (1924–2001)
Julien Le Roy 1686–1759 French master clockmaker (1686-1759)
A. D. G. 1947–2004 French novelist and journalist
Catherine Nay born 1943 French journalist
GG Gaëlle Gebet born 1984 French fencer
Loïc Bouvard 1929–2017 French politician (1929-2017)
Maxime Sauvé born 1990 French-born Canadian ice hockey player
Napoléon La Cécilia 1835–1878 French general (1835–1878)
S Sinclair born 1970 French singer-songwriter
TG Thibaud Gruel born 2004 French cyclist
CB Catherine Binet 1944–2006 French film editor
Séverine Sigrist born 1973 French cellular biologist and neuroscientist
Albert Laponneraye 1808–1849 French journalist and historian (1808–1849)
Frédéric Dambier born 1977 French figure skater
JN Jean-Claude Narcy born 1938 French journalist
Johan Liébus born 1978 Footballer
JR Joseph Rivière 1912–1961 French sculptor (1912–1961)
LR Ludovic Roy born 1977 French footballer
Luis Léon Masson 1825–1882 French photographer (1825–1882)
MG Marcel Gaumont 1880–1962 French artist (1880–1962)
MB Maxime Brillault born 1983 Footballer
Pacôme Rupin born 1985 French politician
PB Pierre Bousquet 1919–1991 French politician (1919–1991)
PL Pierre-Gilles Lakafia born 1987 French rugby union player
Charles Champoiseau 1830–1909 French diplomat
AM Arnaud Merlin born 1963 French jazz critic and music journalist
BR Biga Ranx born 1988 French musician
CB Christophe Bordeau born 1968 French swimmer
GB Gérard Besnard 1945–2026 French bicycle racer
HR Hélène Robert 1910–1981 French actress (1910–1981)
JM Jules François Mabille 1831–1904 French malacologist, biologist and zoologist
LI Laurent Itti born 1970 Computational neuroscientist
LP Louis Parrot 1906–1948 French writer and translator (1906-1948)
MB Max Bird born 1990 French stand-up comedian
RB René Baudichon 1878–1963 French sculptor and medallist (1878–1963)
SB Sébastien Balibar born 1947 French physicist
YA Yves Ker Ambrun 1954–2017 Artist (1954-2017)
AR Anne-Gaëlle Riccio born 1978 French TV presenter
Jacques Dupuy 1591–1656 French librarian
JM Jean-Claude Migeot born 1953 French engineer
Michel-Georges Micberth 1945–2013 French publisher, pamphleter and writer (1945–2013)
Rachel Khan born 1976 French athlete, jurist, actress and writer
AM Agnès Michaux born 1968 French writer and translator
DG Damien Girard 2001–2026 French cyclist
Flavie Lemaître born 1988 Association football player
FB François de Paule Bretonneau 1660–1741 French librettist
FC François-Benjamin Chaussemiche 1864–1945 French architect (1864–1945)
Guillaume Firmat 1026–1103 Norman hermit and pilgrim
Guillaume Gontard born 1971 French politician
IS Isabelle Stoehr born 1979 French squash player
Jean-Louis Bruguière born 1943 French judge
JB Jonathan Bourhis 1990–2009 French basketball player (1990–2009)
JB Julien Bonetat born 1971 French squash player
MB Marguerite Bahuche 1550–1632 French painter
Marie-Christine Fillou born 1961 French table tennis player
Marie-Laure Augry born 1947 French journalist
Nathalie Saint-Cricq born 1962 French journalist (born 1962)
Paul Bonnefond born 1988 French rugby union player
PP Pierre Pasquier 1902–1986 French violist (1902–1986)
RB Rachel Le Bozec born 1975 French synchronized swimmer
RD Robert Détroyat 1911–1941 French military personnel (1911-1941)
ÉP Étienne Pasquier 1905–1997 French cellist
Alfred Tonnellé 1831–1858 French writer (1831–1858)
AN Annie Noël 1926–2009 French actress (1926-2009)
Charles Vapereau 1847–1925 French photographer
Charles-Jean Avisseau 1795–1861 French ceramicist and potter (1795-1861)
DL Dominique Laporte 1949–1984 French writer
Gérard Blanchard born 1953 French singer-songwriter
Henry Normand 1868–1959 French entomologist and physician
Killian Duréchou born 1992 French javelin thrower
Laure Surville 1800–1871 French writer (1800–1871)
Louis Muraton 1855–1919 French painter (1850-1919)
MC Marguerite-Marie Chichereau-Dinguirard born 1948 French politician
PG Philippe Greslé 1776–1846 French engineer (1776–1846)
PM Philippe Mauduit born 1968 French bicycle racer
Bernard Zinck born 1965 French violinist
Charles-Pierre-Paul Savalette de Langes 1746–1797 French freemason (1745-1797)
Claire Fournier born 1972 French journalist
GT Guillaume de Tournemire 1901–1970 Modern pentathlete (1901–1970)
JF Jean-Daniel Flaysakier 1951–2021 French journalist (1951–2021)
NH Nicolas Heurteloup 1750–1812 Physician and surgeon (1750-1812)
Romain Ruffenach born 1994 French Rugby Union player
Serge Babary born 1946 French entrepreneur
SF Simon François 1606–1671 French painter (1606-1671)
TS Thomas Sourice born 1984 French rugby union player
Arnaud Viviant born 1963 French journalist and publisher
AB Auguste Brachet 1845–1898 French philologist (1845–1898)
AV Aymar Pierre Verdier 1819–1880 French architect (1819–1880)
Bernard Deyriès born 1947 French screenwriter, television director and animator
Bruno Chevrier born 1973 French comics artist
BJ Bruno Joubert born 1950 French diplomat
Catherine Bernstein born 1964 French film director
CL Charlotte Lozé born 1988 Association footballer
Claire Diterzi born 1971 French singer
Denis Ribeiro born 1987 French association football player
Ferdinand Morin 1876–1957 French politician (1876-1957)
Georges-Prudent Bruley 1830–1898 Magistrate, president of the Civil Court in Laval in 1873
JC James Coignard 1925–2008 French painter and sculptor (1925-2008)
Jean-Baptiste Gault 1595–1643 Roman catholic bishop
Jean-Charles Fitoussi born 1970 French cineast
Jean-Jacques Filleul born 1943 French politician
JV Jean-Louis Vacher born 1951 French basketball player
JB Johanna Boutet born 1970 French basketball player (born 1970)
JH Jonathan Hoyaux born 1988 French basketball player (born 1988)
Joseph Siméon Valette 1736–1809 French politician (1736-1809)
Jules Joubert 1834–1910 French scientist
LB Lilian Bardet born 2001 French table tennis player
Michel Lussault born 1960 Academic French geographer
MN Michel Nau 1633–1683 French Catholic priest
Pascal Guimier born 1960 French journalist
PC Patricia Chéreau born 1977 French karateka
PB Pierre Berloquin born 1939 French engineer, scenographer and writer
RM René Martineau 1866–1948 French writer
Robert Poirier de Narçay 1859–1918 French politician
Élisabeth Lacoin 1907–1929 (1907-1929)
Champion Métadier born 1947 French painter
CM Claudie Marcel-Dubois 1913–1989 French pianist and ethnomusicologist
LD Lucienne Divan 1920–2015 French astrophysicist
AP Alfred-Louis de Prémare 1930–2006 French historian (1930–2006)
AM Alphonse Muraton 1824–1911 French painter (1824-1911)
Alphonse Pallu 1808–1880 French proprietor (1808-1880)
André Frey 1886–1912 French aviator (1886-1912)
AR André Rolland de Renéville 1903–1962 French poet (1903-1962)
AB Anne Le Bozec born 1975 French pianist
Arm born 1980 French musician
AD Auguste Duvau 1771–1831 Botanist (1771-1831)
Benjamin Gault 1772–1813 French officer (1772–1813)
Benoît Roy born 1962 French politician and audioprothesist
CL Camille Lefèvre 1876–1946 French architect
CD Charles Deprez 1918–2011 French politician
Charles Gir 1883–1941 French affichiste, painter and caricaturist (1883-1941)
Charles du Souich 1890–1970 Rugby union player (1890-1970)
CB Charles-Eugène Breton 1878–1968 French sculptor (1878-1968)
CC Claude Chauvet 1923–1981 Librarian and member of the French Resistance
CR Claude Roiron born 1963 French politician
Clément Laurier 1832–1878 French politician (1832-1878)
Céline Lafaye born 1981 French athletics competitor (born 1981)
Daniel Lavalade 1890–1965 French cyclist (1890-1965)
DR Denise Rémon 1892–1967 French literary critic
Dominique Bertail born 1972 French comics artist
No one matches both filters.
Show all 197 Next door Famous people from the towns next door Nearby, Chambray-lès-Tours has the most on record, with 22.
Questions about famous people from Tours Who is the most famous person from Tours? Honoré de Balzac (French novelist and playwright (1799–1850)) is the best known by our measure: 176 Wikipedia and sister-site articles in different languages. Next come Alain de Benoist and Gabriel Lamé.
How many famous people were born in Tours? 369 people born in Tours have a French Wikipedia article that confirms the town as their birthplace (and an English one that agrees, when there is one). Wikidata places 641 people here; the rest aren’t listed because an article names somewhere else or no town, or a check couldn’t be completed.
What is Tours known for? Among its famous people, writers and artists: 114 of the 369. That is 31% of the town’s list, against 25% across French towns.
Who is the earliest-born famous person from Tours? Guillaume Firmat, born in 1026. The youngest on the list was born in 2004.
Who counts as from Tours? People whose Wikidata birthplace is Tours itself, matched by its INSEE code (a commune merged into it counts when the dates allow), whose French Wikipedia article agrees, and their English article too when they have one. A hospital or neighbourhood recorded without its commune isn’t matched. People who only lived here, adult performers and people known mainly for crimes aren’t listed.
Why is someone missing? Their Wikidata birthplace may be a hospital, a neighbourhood or a wider area, another commune, or missing, or their articles may not name a birthplace. We only list people the sources agree on; editing Wikidata or Wikipedia changes this page at the next refresh.
From Wikidata (CC0: birthplaces, descriptions, years, occupations, how many Wikipedia and sister-site articles cover each person) and French and English Wikipedia (each person’s articles confirm the birthplace; linked, not quoted). Birthplaces are matched to the commune by INSEE code and its history of mergers (INSEE COG 2026). Ranked by the number of articles. Fields are read from Wikidata’s description and occupations. “The usual town”: everyone listed across French towns. Portraits: each person’s Wikidata image, from Wikimedia Commons under the license below (our copy, resized).
Photo credits (107) Honoré de Balzac: Louis-Auguste Bisson, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Alain de Benoist: Simone Olla, CC BY 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Gabriel Lamé: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Bernard Lama: schuey from London, London, CC BY 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Abdou Diallo: Happiraphael, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Yves Bonnefoy: Joumana Haddad, CC BY-SA 2.5 , Wikimedia Commons Paul Nizan: Unknown Unknown, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Catherine Colonna: Governo do Estado de São Paulo, CC BY 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Yolande de France: unknow person, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Madeleine de France: Unknown Unknown Austrian painter, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Armand Trousseau: Nadar, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Marie de l’Incarnation: Hugues Pommier, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Robert Baldwin Ross: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Cyril Lemoine: Thomas Ducroquet, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Jérémy Roy: YellowMonkey/Blnguyen, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Laurent Mekies: Web Summit, CC BY 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Ernest Goüin: Charles Jalabert, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Guillaume Briçonnet: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Pascal Hervé: Eric HOUDAS, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Félix Dujardin: Louis Joubin, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Josselin Ouanna: Speculos, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Victor Laloux: Adolphe Déchenaud (1868-1929), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Mathilde Panot: original : Antoine Stouls modification : O.Taris, CC BY 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Louis Dutens: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Maurice Couette: Family of Maurice Couette, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jean-Sébastien Jaurès: VierscheJong, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Olivier de Germay: Sedicom-Lyon, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Didier Migaud: Aurore Martignoni / European Union, 2023 / EC - Audiovisual Service, CC BY 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Paul Viollet: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons René Rapin: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Dominique Bussereau: https://www.flickr.com/photos/besoindair/, CC BY-SA 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Thom Gicquel: Kuberzog, CC BY 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Xavier Gravelaine: S. Plaine, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Ben l'Oncle Soul: Ludovic ETIENNE, CC BY 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Blanche Montel: Charles Gerschel, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons François Sicard: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jean Germain: Ludovic Lepeltier, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Luz: sand, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Harry Roselmack: Pascal Montagne, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Julien Le Roy: Unidentified engraver, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons A. D. G.: Babelio, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Catherine Nay: Travail personnel, CC BY 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Loïc Bouvard: Hegor, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Maxime Sauvé: Sarah Connors, CC BY 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Napoléon La Cécilia: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Séverine Sigrist: Fragak, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Albert Laponneraye: Léopold Massard, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Frédéric Dambier: K. "bird" N., CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Johan Liébus: Stadedereims93, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Luis Léon Masson: Luis Leon Masson, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Pacôme Rupin: Lionel Barbe, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Charles Champoiseau: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jacques Dupuy: painting: Anonymous ( writer ) Unknown author photo: Fritz Milkau, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Michel-Georges Micberth: Virginie Beaufils épouse Micberth, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Rachel Khan: G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Flavie Lemaître: Pierre-Yves Beaudouin, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Guillaume Firmat: Édouard Hue ( User:EdouardHue ), CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Guillaume Gontard: Percygam, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Jean-Louis Bruguière: Photo Claude TRUONG-NGOC, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Marie-Christine Fillou: Gaël Marziou from Grenoble, France, CC BY 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Marie-Laure Augry: Philippe BRIZARD, CC BY 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Nathalie Saint-Cricq: librairie mollat, CC BY 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Paul Bonnefond: Caroline Léna Becker, CC BY 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Alfred Tonnellé: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Charles Vapereau: Eugène Pirou, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Charles-Jean Avisseau: Fischer (unidentified), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Gérard Blanchard: Christian D'AUFIN, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Henry Normand: Anonymous Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Killian Duréchou: G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Laure Surville: inconnu, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Louis Muraton: Louis Muraton (850–1901), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Bernard Zinck: Alexbusbee, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Charles-Pierre-Paul Savalette de Langes: Jacques Louis David, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Claire Fournier: Fondapol - Fondation pour l'innovation politique, CC BY-SA 2.0 , Wikimedia Commons Romain Ruffenach: 34 super héros, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Serge Babary: Pierre Lépine, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Arnaud Viviant: librairie mollat, CC BY 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Bernard Deyriès: Nordine Zemrak, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Bruno Chevrier: Selbymay, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Catherine Bernstein: afekhar, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Claire Diterzi: Pkobel, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Denis Ribeiro: Gwikim, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Ferdinand Morin: Agence de presse Mondial Photo-Presse. Agence photographique (commanditaire), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Georges-Prudent Bruley: Famille Bruley, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jean-Baptiste Gault: Michel Lasne (graveur), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jean-Charles Fitoussi: G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Jean-Jacques Filleul: Petitefleur37, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Joseph Siméon Valette: Duchemin, René, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Jules Joubert: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Michel Lussault: G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Pascal Guimier: Pascalfrançoisguimier, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons Robert Poirier de Narçay: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Élisabeth Lacoin: Unknown author Unknown author, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Champion Métadier: © BPA Studio Paris, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Alphonse Pallu: Jules Robichon, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons André Frey: André Frey (1886 - 1912), Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Arm: PrimaVeris, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Benjamin Gault: Circle of Henri Nicolas van Gorp, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Benoît Roy: Geraldgreen131, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Charles Gir: Nadar, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Charles du Souich: La Vie au grand air, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Clément Laurier: G.M. Legé, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Céline Lafaye: Johann Conus, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Daniel Lavalade: Agence Rol, Public domain , Wikimedia Commons Dominique Bertail: G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Mikaël Silvestre: S. Plaine, CC BY-SA 4.0 , Wikimedia Commons Stéphane Dalmat: S. Plaine, CC BY-SA 3.0 , Wikimedia Commons
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.