A smaller share of households in social housing than 99% of compared French towns: 0.7%
With households headed by a retired person at 40%, Caux is ahead of 83% of compared French towns on that count. Census day 2023: 2,718 residents and 1,250 households locally. 9.1% of homes are flats. Compared with other places, couples with children are scarce here: 19%, fewer than in 78% of compared French towns.
Throughout this page, the Hérault median and the France median are the median of compared communes (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
What stands out about the people of Caux
One home in six is a second home
The census counted 290 second homes and occasional dwellings in Caux, 18% of its 1,600 homes: higher than in 92% of compared French towns. 96% of them are houses. Their owners live elsewhere, so they aren’t in the population figures on this page. Homes & cars ↓
An older town
Half of Caux’s residents are under 52 and half over; the median of compared French towns is 44. 28% are 65 or older (France median 22%), 8.5% 80 or older. Ages ↓
Written from INSEE’s census 2023 on this page, against compared French towns.
A town of second homes: 18% of its homes
Every home the census counted: main residences, second homes and occasional dwellings (INSEE counts them together), and empty homes. Owning and renting are on Cost of living.
All homes · share of homes
Type of home
Cars per household · share of households
The share of households without a car trails 58% of compared French towns: 9.2%. Typically, 2.1% of homes are second homes in the typical compared French town. Empty homes account for 4.1%.
Caux grew +8% from 2012 to 2023, ahead of 64% of compared French towns
Residents at INSEE’s last three censuses, each recast in the 2026 commune boundaries. France has no yearly estimate by commune between censuses.
2012 to 2023
2017 to 2023
From 2012 to 2017 the population moved +2%, and from 2017 to 2023 +6%; the median compared French town changed +5% and the median Hérault town +13%.
Caux is older than 89% of compared French towns: a median age of 52
Shares of residents by age at the 2023 census.
Age groups · share of residents
Median age of the 3,798 compared French towns
■ Caux 52. The median compared French town: 44.
Residents aged 15 to 24: 8.6%, below 87% of compared French towns. On the census count, 28% of residents are 65 or over.
Women and men · all residents
52% women, 48% men
About 92 men for every 100 women. Median share of women: Hérault 52.0%, France 51.8%. Women live longer than men, so towns with many older residents have more women.
One-person households make up 32% in Caux, less than in 64% of compared French towns
A household is everyone who shares a main home (résidence principale). Household types come from INSEE’s fuller sample of a quarter of census forms.
Against the Hérault median and the France median
Living alone · share
10% of households are single parents in the typical compared French town, against 11% in Caux. Set beside that, 35% of households are one person living alone in the typical compared French town. There are 2.1 people in the average household.
Median living standard: €24,080 a year
The standard of living (niveau de vie) is a household’s disposable income after taxes and benefits, divided by its consumption units (UC) to allow for its size and make-up: 1 for the first adult, 0.5 for each other person 14 or older, 0.3 for each child under 14.
Medians of compared communes. Source: INSEE, Filosofi 2023.
Living standards centre on €24,080 a year per consumption unit: lower than in 70% of compared French towns. Under the poverty line sit 18.0% of residents.
Households headed by a manual worker make up 8.9% in Caux, less than in 83% of compared French towns
Households by the socio-professional group (PCS) of their reference person, INSEE’s own categories. Jobs and commuting are on the Work & commute page.
Households by reference person’s group · share of households
Households headed by a manager or professional make up about one in 12 here (8.5%). Typically, 14% of households are headed by a manual worker in the typical compared French town.
Each household is counted once, by the occupation of its reference person (usually the oldest working adult).
A larger share of immigrants than 60% of compared French towns: 8%
INSEE publishes two measures, which overlap but aren’t the same. Neither is the UK’s “born abroad”.
Share of residents · census 2023
Immigrant (immigré)
Born abroad, not French at birth. Someone stays an immigrant after becoming French. A French citizen born abroad (for example in Algeria before 1962) is not one.
Foreign national (étranger)
Not a French citizen today, wherever born. A child born in France to foreign parents can be a foreign national without being an immigrant.
The median compared commune in Hérault has 6.8%; immigrants here make up a share higher than in 60% of compared French towns. The comparison figure for immigrants is 6.5% in the typical compared French town. Here, 4% of residents are foreign nationals.
INSEE publishes no country of birth or ethnicity by commune in these tables, and the census doesn’t ask about religion.
21% of residents 15 and over are single, fewer than in 83% of compared French towns
Residents 15 and over by how they live: the census asks both the legal status and whether people live as a couple.
Residents 15 and over · share
In couples, 48% are married and 5.6% in a PACS (median compared French town: 43% and 6.1%); 7.2% are widowed. For comparison, 25% of residents 15 and over are single in the typical compared French town.
A smaller share of graduates of higher education than 63% of compared French towns: 27%
Highest diploma of residents 15 and over who have left education, in French terms: the levels don’t map one-to-one to UK or U.S. ones.
Highest diploma · 15 and over, out of education
Compared with other places, adults with no qualification are common here: 20%, more than in 53% of compared French towns. The usual figure: 30% of adults out of school hold a higher-education qualification in the typical compared French town.
Of 41 French towns its size (2,682 to 2,753 people), the 5th oldest
The 40 compared French towns nearest in population, by median age. Hover for each one’s second homes and immigrants; click for its page.
Ages run from 37.7 in Trieux to 63.6 in Piriac-sur-Mer.
1 of 6 neighbors are older than Caux
The nearest towns of 2,500 or more, colored by median age. Source: INSEE, census 2023.
Health, work, housing and schools
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Census 2023. INSEE’s census is a rolling survey: a fifth of small communes each year, 8% of homes in large ones each year. “2023” pools the surveys of 2021 to 2025, so the figures describe the town around 2023, not on one day.
- Medians of compared communes. The comparisons are the median of the département’s compared communes and of France’s (those with an overall grade), each figure its own median: not the total for the département or for France, which large cities pull towards their own figures.
- Immigrants and foreign nationals. INSEE’s two measures: an immigrant was born abroad without French nationality; a foreign national isn’t French today. Neither is a count of people born abroad, which INSEE doesn’t publish by commune.
- Second homes. Homes used for holidays or weekends, with occasional dwellings (kept for work, for example), which INSEE counts together. Their owners are counted where they live, not here.
- Standard of living. INSEE’s Filosofi: disposable income per consumption unit, from tax and benefit files, 2023. The poverty rate is the share of residents below 60% of France’s median. Not published for the smallest communes.
- What France doesn’t ask. The French census asks nothing about ethnicity, religion, language or health, so this page has no such section.
Questions about who lives in Caux
What is the population of Caux?
2,718 at INSEE’s 2023 census, 8% more than in 2012 (2,506).
How old are Caux’s residents?
The median age is 52, older than 89% of compared French towns. 17% are under 18 and 28% 65 or older.
How many second homes are there in Caux?
290, with occasional dwellings: 18% of all homes, against 2.1% for the median compared French town.
How many immigrants live in Caux?
INSEE counts 220 immigrants (born abroad, not French at birth), 8% of residents, and 110 foreign nationals (4%). The medians of compared French towns are 6.5% and 4.3%.
What is the median income in Caux?
€24,080 a year per consumption unit in 2023 (median of compared French towns €25,970); 18.0% of residents live below the poverty line. Source: INSEE, Filosofi.
Sources: INSEE, census 2023 (population, ages, households, homes, marital status, diplomas, immigrants, foreign nationals, employment), 2026 geography · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (standard of living, poverty) · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · Medians and percentiles: TownRatings, over compared French towns, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.