Photo: Cyrilb1881 · CC BY-SA 3.0A larger share of Massy’s labor force is out of work than in 69% of French communes of 1,000+
18.0% of residents live below the poverty line; the median commune of 1,000+, 11.0%. On jobs and income together, Massy grades B+: #47 of 96 in Essonne. 36,950 jobs are based in Massy for 25,450 residents in work.
What stands out about work in Massy
A local job center
36,950 jobs are based in Massy for 25,450 residents in work; the median commune of 1,000+ has 0.6 jobs per resident in work. The town draws workers from the communes around it. Jobs and residents ↓
Many get to work without a car
55% of residents in work walk, cycle or take public transport to work, against 8% in the median commune of 1,000+; 100% of residents live within 800 m of a bakery. Walkability ↓
Written from the data on this page: INSEE census 2023, Filosofi 2023 and the BPE 2025 amenity directory.
On jobs and income, Massy grades B+
Better than 73% of compared communes of 1,000+ on three measures taken together: #47 of 96 in Essonne.
Its strongest measure is jobs per resident in work; its weakest, unemployment.
How the grade works
Each measure is ranked against every French commune of 1,000 residents or more (higher income and more jobs per resident in work are better; lower unemployment is better). The ranks are averaged, at least two of the three being needed, and the average is ranked again to give the letter. Nothing else on this page is graded.
A local hub: Massy has 1.5 times as many jobs as residents in work
At least 11,450 of the jobs in Massy are held by people who live elsewhere, more if some residents work outside the town. The median commune of 1,000+ has 0.6 jobs per resident in work.
Massy has more jobs per resident in work than 83 of the other 95.
The 2023 census counts jobs where people work and residents where they live.
Everyday places on foot in Massy: A+
Better than almost every compared commune of 1,000+ on two measures together: #2 of 96 in Essonne. The share of residents living within 800 m (half a mile) of each everyday place, measured in a straight line from where they live.
100% of Massy’s residents live within 800 m of a bakery, against 64% in the median commune of 1,000+.
Straight-line distance is a proxy: a river, railway or motorway can make the walk longer. Places: INSEE’s permanent amenity directory (BPE) 2025; where people live: INSEE’s 200 m population grid (Filosofi 2021).
31,250 people come into Massy to work, most from Palaiseau and Antony
- Palaiseau1,220
- Antony1,200
- Longjumeau700
- Chilly-Mazarin550
- Paris 14e500
- Les Ulis480
- Savigny-sur-Orge420
- Évry-Courcouronnes380
- Ris-Orangis360
- Igny350
- Palaiseau920
- Antony690
- Paris 15e550
- Vélizy-Villacoublay530
- Les Ulis500
- Gif-sur-Yvette480
- Paris 14e440
- Paris 8e370
- Boulogne-Billancourt360
- Paris 9e350
84% of the people who work in Massy live outside it; Palaiseau, 1.8 mi away, sends the most (1,220). Going the other way, Palaiseau is the biggest single destination (920).
INSEE, 2023 census, home-to-work flows (published June 2026): residents in work aged 15 and over by commune of home and of work. Weighted survey estimates, rounded to 10. People living abroad who work here aren’t counted.
The communes that send the most workers into Massy, and those where its residents most often work: 2023 census, by home and workplace commune. Routes of 100 people or fewer aren’t listed; those under 200 are approximate (≈).
Joblessness among 15-to-64s in Massy: 10.4%
Each dot is another town of 2,500+ in Essonne with a Jobs & income Grade: Massy has less unemployment than 21 of these 95.
Unemployment in Massy rose from 10.0% in 2012 to 10.4% in 2023; in the median commune of 1,000+ in Essonne it went from 7.6% to 8.0%.
Census unemployment aged 15 to 64 (self-declared; not the ILO rate, not monthly), on today’s commune boundaries. Each census year pools five years of surveys (more around 2021, when the survey was delayed a year), so INSEE advises comparing years at least five apart, six when 2019–2023 is involved, as these are; how the census asks about work also changed from 2015, so read changes since 2012 with care. The other lines are the median commune of 1,000+, not official rates.
Census unemployment is what people aged 15 to 64 say about themselves (looking for work), as a share of those in work or looking. It runs higher than France’s official (ILO) rate and isn’t a jobseeker count.
Census 2023.
€27,350 a year: the median living standard in Massy
Higher than 23 of the other 95 graded towns of 2,500+ in Essonne. Communauté d'agglomération Communauté Paris-Saclay as a whole: €30,880.
A consumption unit counts the first adult as 1, each other person aged 14 or over as 0.5 and each child under 14 as 0.3. Half of residents live on more, half on less. The poverty line is 60% of France’s median.
Disposable income after tax and benefits, per consumption unit (UC) to allow for the size and make-up of the household: Filosofi 2023.
Not by car: 55% of Massy’s residents in work
The census records one main mode per person, the one used for the longest part of the journey. Département and France: every commune’s residents in work together.
Half of Massy’s residents in work travel less than 9.1 km to their workplace commune, against 9.9 km in the communes of 1,000+ in Essonne and 5.3 km across France’s; 23% work in Massy itself.
Distances are straight lines between commune points (the town centres INSEE and IGN give), not routes or journey times; working in your own commune counts as 0 km and falls in the first band. Workplaces abroad or outside our communes have no distance, so the bands add up to less than 100%. Département and France: residents in work of every commune of 1,000+ together.
The main way residents in work aged 15 and over get to work, 2023 census. “No travel” is mostly people who work at home.
Jobseekers in Essonne: the trend since 2015
Over the 12 months to August 2026, there were on average 7.5 registered jobseekers in category A per 100 residents aged 15 to 64 in Essonne (64,200 people), against 7.9 across France. In 2015 it was 6.7.
France Travail – DARES, monthly registrations at the end of each month (not seasonally adjusted, so we average 12 months), people of every age, per 100 residents aged 15 to 64 at the 2023 census. Registrations count people signed up with France Travail, whether or not they receive benefits. Since January 2025 people claiming RSA, young people followed by a mission locale and people followed by Cap emploi are registered automatically, so counts since then aren’t comparable with earlier ones (the 12-month average takes a year to absorb the change); spring 2025 brought further changes to updating and sanctions. In 2022 a new monthly update form moved some people from category A to B or C.
Registered jobseekers per 100 residents aged 15 to 64, Essonne: people registered with France Travail in category A (looking for work, with no work at all in the month), averaged over 12 months, since 2015. This is the département’s figure, not Massy’s, and not an unemployment rate.
Among French communes of 1,000+ of 36,000 to 70,000, Massy ranks 26th of 174 for jobs and income
| # | Town | People | Jobs per worker | Unemployment | Income | Grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Paris 6e Paris | 40,389 | 2.5 | 7.8% | €48,110 | A+ |
| 2 | Issy-les-Moulineaux Hauts-de-Seine | 67,669 | 2.0 | 7.5% | €37,740 | A+ |
| 3 | Neuilly-sur-Seine Hauts-de-Seine | 59,538 | 2.0 | 8.1% | €56,030 | A+ |
| … | ||||||
| 17 | Palaiseau Essonne | 37,471 | 1.1 | 9.8% | €31,460 | A |
| … | ||||||
| 24 | Anglet Pyrénées-Atlantiques | 43,271 | 1.2 | 10.8% | €28,510 | B+ |
| 25 | Pessac Gironde | 67,339 | 1.2 | 11.7% | €28,840 | B+ |
| 26 | Massy Essonne | 51,729 | 1.5 | 10.4% | €27,350 | B+ |
| 27 | Marseille 12e Bouches-du-Rhône | 64,399 | 0.7 | 8.9% | €28,990 | B+ |
| 28 | Saint-Malo Ille-et-Vilaine | 47,439 | 1.7 | 11.0% | €27,160 | B+ |
| … | ||||||
| 61 | Savigny-sur-Orge Essonne | 37,601 | 0.4 | 9.8% | €28,680 | C+ |
| … | ||||||
| 91 | Athis-Mons Essonne | 36,613 | 0.6 | 9.8% | €24,690 | C |
| … | ||||||
| 174 | Le Blanc-Mesnil Seine-Saint-Denis | 62,376 | 0.5 | 17.1% | €19,630 | D− |
Jobs & income letters rank against every French commune of 1,000 or more; the order here is context only. Income: median per consumption unit.
Ordered by Jobs & income Grade: the top three, the towns either side of Massy, and others in Essonne.
Neighbouring places to Massy, compared
| Town | Jobs | Per worker | Unemployment | Income | Jobs | Walk |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massy | 36,950 | 1.5 | 10.4% | €27,350 | B+ | A+ |
| Verrières-le-Buisson 1.1 mi | 3,620 | 0.6 | 8.3% | €41,260 | A− | A+ |
| Champlan 1.6 mi | 1,930 | 1.6 | 9.9% | €27,620 | A− | A− |
| Palaiseau 1.8 mi | 18,550 | 1.1 | 9.8% | €31,460 | A | A+ |
| Antony 1.8 mi | 22,100 | 0.7 | 9.3% | €36,480 | A− | A+ |
| Igny 2.2 mi | 2,110 | 0.4 | 6.9% | €36,320 | A− | A |
| Wissous 2.5 mi | 8,950 | 2.6 | 8.4% | €33,210 | A+ | A+ |
Jobs based in each place, jobs per resident in work, unemployment and median income per consumption unit, with each town’s Jobs & income and Walkability letters.
What this data can and can’t tell you
- Jobs in the commune. INSEE’s census count of jobs whose place of work is in the commune, held by residents or by people who commute in.
- Residents in work. People aged 15 or over who live in the commune and have a job, wherever it is (INSEE’s “actifs occupés”).
- Unemployment. From the census: people aged 15 to 64 who say they are unemployed, as a share of the labor force (those in work or looking). Higher than the official ILO rate.
- Income per consumption unit. Filosofi’s median disposable income per consumption unit: the household’s income after tax and benefits, divided to allow for its size, so a couple with children compares with a single person. It isn’t household income.
- Walkability. Six everyday places (bakery, pharmacy, grocery, primary school, GP, post office) within 800 m in a straight line, averaged over where residents live, together with the share of residents in work who walk, cycle or take public transport to work.
- Compared communes of 1,000+. Every French commune of 1,000 residents or more, the pool the grades rank against; “median” is the one in the middle. The dots show the département’s towns of 2,500+, the pool of its rank.
Questions about work in Massy
Is Massy a good place for work?
Massy grades B+ for jobs and income, better than 73% of compared communes of 1,000+, and #47 of 96 in Essonne. It has 1.5 jobs per resident in work, 10.4% unemployment among 15- to 64-year-olds and a median income of €27,350 per consumption unit.
How many jobs are there in Massy?
About 36,950 at the 2023 census, for 25,450 residents in work: 1.5 per resident in work, against 0.6 in the median commune of 1,000+.
What is the unemployment rate in Massy?
10.4% of the labor force aged 15 to 64 at the 2023 census (2,910 people), against 8.5% in the median commune of 1,000+. The census rate is self-declared and runs higher than the official ILO rate.
What is the median income in Massy?
€27,350 a year per consumption unit after tax and benefits (Filosofi 2023), against €26,310 in the median commune of 1,000+. 18% of residents live below the poverty line.
How do people in Massy get to work?
41% drive, 44% take public transport, 8% walk and 3% cycle; 3% don’t travel, mostly because they work at home (2023 census).
Can you get by on foot in Massy?
Massy grades A+ for walkability. 100% of residents live within 800 m of a bakery, 99% of a pharmacy and 99% of a grocery, measured in a straight line.
Sources: INSEE, population census 2023 (employment, jobs at place of work, mode of transport to work) · INSEE, 2023 census, home-to-work flows (June 2026); distances between commune points by TownRatings · INSEE, censuses 2012, 2017 and 2023 on 2026 boundaries (activity and unemployment) · France Travail – DARES, registered jobseekers by département, monthly (updated September 2026) · INSEE, Filosofi 2023 (income per consumption unit, poverty rate) · INSEE, permanent amenity directory (BPE) 2025 · INSEE, Filosofi 200 m grid 2021 · IGN Admin Express (boundaries) · TownRatings grades: our own summary of the data, ranking French towns against each other only, updated November 4, 2026. Under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab).
Contains public sector information under the Licence Ouverte / Open Licence 2.0 (Etalab): INSEE, DGFiP, the Interior Ministry’s statistics service (SSMSI), the Ministry of Education (DEPP), the Health Ministry’s statistics service (DREES) and the Housing Ministry (Carte des loyers). Commune boundaries: IGN Admin Express.